• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.109-118
• /
• 2011

두개안면부에서 하악은 태생 4주에 발생하는 첫번째 아가미궁에서 분화되며 맥켈연골이라 알려져 있는 긴 막대기 모양의 연골의 외측부에서 골화가 시작된다. 이후 하악골은 골의 첨가와 흡수에 의해 성장 발육하게 된다. 이런 하악골의 성장 발육이 과하거나 부족한 경우 상하악골의 부조화에 의한 부정교합이 발생되게 되고, 이를 3급 또는 2급 부정교합이라 부른다. 3급 부정교합의 치료를 위해 지금까지 많은 방법들이 사용되어 왔으며, 그중 가장 널리 사용되어지는것이 이모장치이다. Distraction osteogenesis는 강한 힘이나 수술에 의해 분리된 두 개의 골표면 사이에서 새로운 신생골이 형성되는 일련의 생물학적인 과정을 말한다. Distraction force가 callus tissue에 작용되어 골이 분리되면 골과 연조직에 가해지는 신장력이 새로운 골 생성을 자극하게 된다. 이번 연구의 목적은 3차원 유한요소 model을 이용하여 이모장치의 하중에 대한 하악골의 응력분포를 알아보고, 하악골 절개 (mandibular midline distraction) 후 강제변형에 대한 응력분포를 알아보는 것이다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.465-472
• /
• 2002

워터프린트는 도심 및 내륙지역과는 다른 독특한 기후특성을 가지고 있으며 이를 고려하지 않고 개발할 경우 시설물의 하자발생, 에너지 및 유지관리비용의 상승을 초래하게 됨은 물론 배후지, 도시기후에 악영향을 미치게 된다. 본 연구는 부산지역의 10개 기상관측지점을 해안선에서 거리에 따라 워터프린트 및 내륙지역으로 분류하고 5년 간의 기상데이터를 이용하여 워터프런트의 기후특성에 대해 검토한다. 또 한 워터프런트 지역임에도 내륙지역과 유사한 기후특성이 나타나고 있는 대연지점을 대상으로 기후특성변화의 원인에 대해 검토한다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2024

The construction adit plays a pivotal role in enhancing the working face during the excavation of long-distance and deep hydraulic tunnels. However, the intersection zone between the main tunnel and the construction adit exhibits more intricate deformation patterns in surrounding rock, posing a significant threat to stability during excavation. Taking the Xianglushan tunnel in Yunnan Province, China, as a case study, the FLAC3D software is employed to simulate the excavation process at the intersection. The simulation results are verified combined with the field deformation monitoring results, and the spatial distribution of tunnel rock deformation in the intersection area are analyzed. Five excavation conditions with different intersection angles are simulated, and the surrounding rock deformation of the tunnel intersection area with different intersection angles is analyzed, and its influence range is discussed. The results show that: (1) The surrounding rock deformation in the intersection area increases rapidly during the tunnel excavation. With the increase of construction distance, the deformation of intersection area is gradually stable. (2) The deformation distribution of the tunnel rock is uneven, and the deformation of main tunnel near the intersection area is larger than that far away from the intersection area. (3) With the increase of the intersection angle, the surrounding rock deformation of the tunnel intersection and its influence range decreases gradually. The research results have certain guiding significance for the construction safety of the tunnel intersection area.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 1999

This study is to analyze consumer's visiting fashion trade area. The purpose of this study, focused on Taegu fashion area, Dongsungro and Bum udong, consumer's spatical beravior, fashion- life-style, clothing purchasing type and Store- Image, etc. This study targeted 580 women aged from 15 to 25 visiting fashion trade area. The methods of measuring include consumer behavior scale, fashion life style scale, clothing purchasing type scale and Stor - Image scale. In process of statistics, the frequency was used to measure consumer's spatical behavior, MANOVA to measure, fashion life style and $\chi^2$ examination was employed to measure clothing purchasing type. The followings are the conclusions of this study ; 1. consumer's spatical behavior by FTA(fashion trade area) : Most people visiting Dongsungro A trade area and Bum udong trade area depart home, while Dongsungro B trade area from school. In case of Bum udong trade area, in particular, more people move from other trade area than people do in Dongsungro trade area. 2. Consumer spatical behavior means by FTA : Bus is far most common transportation. 3. The purpose of visit by FTA : Most people visit Dongsungro B trade area for shopping, while Bum udong trade area for shopping and as a place for appointment. 4. The visiting frequency by FTA : In case of both Dongsungro A.B trade area and Bum udong trade area, at least once a week is most common. Particularly in case of Bum udong trade area, the number of people visiting once every three months and once more than six months is almost same. 5. A company by FTA : People accompanied by the same sex friends are most common in Both Dongsungro A, B trade area and Bum udong trade area in case of Dongsungro B trade area. There is no case of people accompanied by family. 6. The purpose of purchasing fashion comodities by FTA : In case of Dongsungro A trade area for recreation. In case of Dongsungro B trade area and Bum udong trade area, because of affordable price. 7. A Brand - pursued tendency by FTA : Much higher in Dongsungro trade area than Bum udong trade area, among consumers. A character - pursued tendency by FTA : Higher in Dongsungro A than Dongsungro B,A practical tendency and symphatetic tendency Higher in Dongsungro B than Dongsungro A or Bum udong trade area. 8. A Store - Image scale by FTA : The quality of goods is more important to consumers in Dongsungro B than to consumers in Dongsungro A. The data - service and atmosphere are much more important to consumers in Dongsungro B than to consumers in Dongsungro A and Bum udong trade area. The convenience is more important to consumers in Dongsungro B Bum udong trade area than to consumers in Dongsungro A. 9. There is no significant difference among clothing purchasing types by FTA.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.173-180
• /
• 1990

The contents of Pb and CD measured with the barks of Pinus densiflora in Seoul area, Yangjaedong area near the Kyungbu-highway, Mt. Keryong and Mt. Seolak area, from Sep. to Ock. in 1988. Pb contents in Seoul area were 17.8 ppm at Changkyungkung, 17.1 ppm at Chongamdong, 13.2 ppm at Mt. Kwanak, 7.6 ppm at Mt. Dobong and 3.7 ppm at Mt. Surak. Except Mt. Kwanak, the difference between areas of central and mountains in Seoul were high significant. Mt Seolak area also showed variations in Pb contents from 16.8 ppm to 32.1 ppm according to studied sites. Cd contents in Seoul area were 0.47 ppm at Changkyungkung, 0.65 ppm at Chongamdong, 0.61 ppm at Mt. Kwanak, 0.52 ppm at Mt. Dobong, 0.47 ppm at Mt. Surak. Therefore, Cd contents in Seoul area exhibited more variations between sampling plots than between the areas of central and mountains in Seoul. Mt Seolak area also showed variations from 0.20 ppm to 0.34 ppm in Cd contents, and it was the lowest in all the studied area.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제28권7호
• /
• pp.288-292
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to improve the refuge safety area in the high-rise building type. Each simulation was conducted to evaluate the performance of three types in improving the refuge safety area. Targeting the first 63 floors (no refuge safety area), secondly, to target up to the $30^{th}$ floor (refuge safety area on the $30^{th}$ floor, $47^{th}$ floor) specified in domestic laws, and finally, the $20^{th}$ floor (evacuation safety area on the $20^{th}$ floor, $42^{th}$ floor) were considered as targets. Through this analysis, the following results were obtained : The floor for the refuge safety area through simulations showed that the evacuation time is low. It is necessary to improve the floor for the refuge safety area by using the characteristics of the domestic fire fighting vehicle. The first floor for the refuge safety area from the ground floor differs according to the distance and height of the building floor. However, in the case of a business facility it is 15F, and in the case of apartment housing, it is 20F.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.81-90
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The regional trauma center should be a trauma treatment center equipped with facilities, equipment, and manpower capable of providing optimal treatment such as emergency surgery to a severely traumatized patient upon arrival at the hospital. In order to establish a medical system for effective severe diseases, it is necessary to prepare architectural planning guidelines for the regional trauma centers. Methods:: Analyze the spatial configuration, and the area composition of the regional trauma center, And to provide basic data for building a more efficient regional trauma center. The spatial composition analysis divides the space into initial care, resuscitation, patient area, nursing area, diagnostic test, staff training, staff support, public, and analyzes the area and interconnection of each space. Results: The area that must be included in the regional trauma center is the resuscitation area, the patient area, the diagnostic examination area, architectural planning should be designed to enhance the interconnection of the areas. IIn addition, a regional trauma center should be planned as a separate from the existing facility so that it can be installed and operated independently. Implications: A regional trauma center should be built as a stand alone operation and the space should be planned as a more efficient route.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.73-82
• /
• 2020

IEC 60079-10-1 edition 2.0, the global standard for hazardous area classification, was newly revised in 2015. There are many differences compared to the previous edition 1.0 version, first released in 2008, so it has caused confusion in the industry. In case of edition 1.0, the hazardous area extent can be derived through the mathematical formula, but in case of edition 2.0, there was the problem that the exact hazardous area extent was not known because of the mathematical formula of the plot for applying the hazardous area extent was not presented. In this study, we converted the plot introduced in edition 2.0 to CAD format and derived the plot as the mathematical equations. Through this, we suggest the hazardous area extent formula of three states (heavy gas, diffusive, jet). As the IEC committee did not provide the mathematical formula of the hazardous area extent according to the release characteristic, it is impossible to apply the exact hazardous area extent. In this study, a mathematical approach was derived for the plot introduced in edition 2.0, which can reduce the confusion of the applying hazardous area extent.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.157-163
• /
• 2019

As the drone industry has grown greatly in recent years, drones are being used or developed in many industrial fields such as image shooting, pesticide application, delivery service, food delivery etc. In this paper, therefore, we developed a program that takes a user's desired area at a certain height using a camera-equipped drone and obtains the area of the zone the user wants through image processing. The first user selects an area or a path. Afterwards, the drone flies and takes pictures, and then measures the user's needs. A digital image taken at a constant height and with the same resolution is composed of pixels, the area can be calculated easily if we know the number of pixels in the zone the user wants. Particularly, it is easy to calculate the area of various shaped zones, not terrain shapes such as triangles and squares. In addition, the total area of specific places of the entire zone can be calculated. With the program of this paper, anyone can easily calculate the area of the place the user wants using a drone rather than calculating the area through difficult formulas or specialized equipment.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to develop the predictive model for species richness of breeding birds by multivariate analysis of land covers (percentage value of each cover in 300 $\times$ 300m grid) including water area (WA), urbanized area (UA), green area (GA), forest area (FA) and agricultural area (AA) at Seongnam City in Korea. Fifty-nine species of birds were mapped on 155 grids in size of 300 $\times$ 300 m from 2000 to 2001. Species richness of breeding birds was significantly regressed ($R^2=0.85$, n=155) by estimates of WA ($4.59{\pm}1.13$, P<0.0001), UA ($6.50{\pm}0.86$, P<0.0001), GA ($7.11{\pm}1.25$, P<0.0001), FA ($8.51{\pm}0.62$, P<0.0001), and AA ($4.59{\pm}1.13$, P<0.0001). In validation of model, the results show no significant difference between predicted value of species richness and observed one. Developed model can be used as a predictive model of species richness of birds for selecting the proper location of corridors and parks in urban area.