• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.239-244
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• 2008

In this paper refer to the digital multimedia mobile phone with the combination of broadcasting and the communication the unity of wire and wireless solution that can provide the UMA(Unlicensed Mobile Access) function is added. In UNC(Universal Naming Convention) in the case of CAS(Conditional Access System) is supported, the device(mobile phone) is authenticated through AP and then following the method of broadcasting signal the user can view the wanted contents as long as they want and for this matter the service charge system are proposed.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.16C no.1
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• pp.125-132
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• 2009

The pre-generated web contents or various devices have to be used in order to execute UMA(UMA:Universal Multimedia Access). However, an HTLM web page for PC is not very compatible with wireless internet because of its unnecessary advertisements, high resolution, and various multimedia data. This is because the main focus when creating it was on high speed. In this paper indicates with the RSS channel, converted from the main part of the HTML web page, which users show interest in, a wireless compatible internet page can easily be created. Consequently, web administrators could create a wireless page easily and quickly, and wireless users would be able to find information in the same manner.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07d
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• pp.1491-1494
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• 2003

Video adaptation in response to dynamic resource conditions and user preferences is required as a key technology to enable universal multimedia access (UMA) through heterogeneous networks by a multitude of devices in a seamless way. Although many adaptation techniques exist, selections of appropriate adaptations among multiple choices are often ad hoc. To provide a systematic solution, we present a general conceptual framework to model video entity, adaptation, resource, utility, and relations among them. It allows for formulation of various adaptation problems as resource-constrained utility maximization. We apply the framework to a practical case of dynamic bit rate adaptation. Furthermore, we present a description tool, which has been accepted as a part of the MPEG-21 Digital Item Adaptation (DIA), along with a brief overview of the .elated descriptors to support terminal and network quality of service (QoS).

• ETRI Journal
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.561-573
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• 2006

In this paper, we present a practical implementation of the MPEG-21 multimedia framework for broadcasting and communication convergent services. MPEG-21 standard technology was exploited to build a convergent service framework. Using this framework, a service model and several scenarios have been successfully designed and implemented. In addition, interoperability, which is the main objective of a multimedia framework, especially in a convergent environment consisting of heterogeneous networks and various types of devices, has been addressed in detail. The experimental results show that the implemented test bed provides a next-generation multimedia service; that is, universal multimedia access (UMA), meeting the requirements of a broadcasting and communication convergent environment.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.12 no.1 s.45
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• pp.253-260
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• 2007

A multimedia converter is used to create media suitable for own environment. If the data complying with own demands can not be created, it may accompany with a problem that has to convert the data with another transcoder. In addition, conventional converters do not consider source QoS and target QoS sufficiently, meaning that users should have a significant knowledge base about various media in order to obtain desired results. These problems become limits on the UMA(Universal Multimedia Access) environment. In this paper, we create a suitable transcoding path before performing the Digital Item conversion in consideration of source QoS and target QoS. The created transcoding path performs the adaptive transcoding using unit exchanges featuring connectivity. The consideration of QoS allows users to use the multimedia easily. Since the proposed model, in addition, use the unit transcoder, it provides a excellent adaptive capability for new QoS.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.339-350
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• 2003

The Part 7 of MPEG-21, called Digital Item Adaptation, aims at an interoperable transparent access of multimedia contents in heterogeneous environments. This standard facilitates the development of Universal Multimedia Access (UMA) systems, which adapt the rich multimedia contents to provide user the best possible presentation under the constraints of various terminals and network connections. Content adaptation has two major aspects: one is modality conversion that converts content from one modality (e.g. video) to different modalities (e.g. image) the other is content scaling that changes the titrates (or qualities) of the contents without converting their modalities. At the output of adaptation process, the highly-subjective qualities of adapted contents nay vary widely with respect to point-of-views of different providers and different users. So, user should have some control on the adaptation process. In this paper, we describe two description tools of user characteristics, the presentation priority preference and the modality conversion preference, which allow user to have flexible choices on the qualities and modalities of output contents. We also present a systematic approach to integrate these user preferences into the adaptation process. These description tools are developed in the process of MPEG-21 standardization.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.43 no.2 s.344
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• pp.60-75
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• 2006

The MPEG-21 Multimedia Framework initiative aims to support a wide range of networks and devices in the delivery and consumption of multimedia resources. One of the primary goals of MPEG-21 is universal multimedia access (UMA) through Digital Item Adaptation (DIA), which supports multimedia streaming to heterogeneous devices ensurung the same readability and seamlessness. We pioneer power saving of luminal devices with MPEG-21 DIA, so that the MPEG-21 DIA can also be used to support power saving, even though the framework is not primarily designed for power reduction and only limited power awareness is defined by DIA. We introduce several power-saving techniques conforming to MPEG-21 DIA specifications and show the dependency relation among introduced techniques. We achieve energy savings of up to $66\%$ in hand-held multimedia devices with minor QoS (quality of service) degradation.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.341-354
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• 2005

The adaptation of video according to the heterogeneous and dynamic resource constraints on networks and devices, as well as on user preferences, is a promising approach for universal access and consumption of video content. For optimal adaptation that satisfies the constraints while maximizing the utility that results from the adapted video, it is necessary to devise a systematic way of selecting an appropriate adaptation operation among multiple feasible choices. This paper presents a general conceptual framework that allows the formulation of various adaptations as constrained optimization problems by modeling the relations among feasible adaptation operations, constraints, and utilities. In particular, we present the feasibility of the framework by applying it to a use case of rate adaptation of MPEG-4 video with an explicit modeling of adaptation employing a combination of frame dropping and discrete cosine transform coefficient dropping, constraint, utility, and their mapping relations. Furthermore, we provide a description tool that describes the adaptation-constraint-utility relations as a functional form referred to as a utility function, which has been accepted as a part of the terminal and network quality of service tool in MPEG-21 Digital Item Adaptation (DIA).

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.1571-1579
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• 2004

Recently, FD(Frame Dropping)-CD(Coefficient Dropping) transcoding is considered mainly due to the low computational complexity and simple implementation. But, CD errors in the FD-CD transtoding scheme tend to be propagated and they have a significant effect on the qualities of decoded images. In this paper, we derive the error characteristics incurred by the CD operations and propose an effective estimation model that adaptively describes well the characteristics of propagation/accumulation errors in compressed domain. Furthermore, we apply the proposed model to distortion control achieving nearly constant distortion allocation among frames. Simulation results show that the proposed model is quite accurate in estimating the overall distortions and is effectively applied to distortion control over a range of sequences with varying scene types.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.325-338
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• 2003

Video adaptation in response to dynamic resource conditions and user preferences is required as a key technology to enable universal multimedia access (UMA) through heterogeneous networks by a multitude of devices In a seamless way. Although many adaptation techniques exist, selections of appropriate adaptations among multiple choices that would satisfy given constraints are often ad hoc. To provide a systematic solution, we present a general conceptual framework to model video entity, adaptation, resource, utility, and relations among them. It allows for formulation of various adaptation problems as resource-constrained utility maximization. We apply the framework to a practical case of dynamic bit rate adaptation of MPEG-4 video streams by employing combination of frame dropping and DCT coefficient dropping. Furthermore, we present a descriptor, which has been accepted as a part of MPEG-21 Digital Item Adaptation (DIA), for supporting terminal and network quality of service (QoS) in an interoperable manner. Experiments are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the presented framework using the descriptor.