• BMB Reports
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.571-576
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• 2015

SB743921 is a potent inhibitor of the spindle protein kinesin and is being investigated in ongoing clinical trials for the treatment of myeloma. However, little is known about the molecular events underlying the induction of cell death in multiple myeloma (MM) by SB743921, alone or in combination treatment. Here, we report that SB743921 induces mitochondria-mediated cell death via inhibition of the $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling pathway, but does not cause cell cycle arrest in KMS20 MM cells. SB743921-mediated inhibition of the $NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway results in reduced expression of SOD2 and Mcl-1, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. We also found that combination treatment with SB743921 and bortezomib induces death in bortezomib-resistant KMS20 cells. Altogether, these data suggest that treatment with SB743921 alone or in combination with bortezomib offers excellent translational potential and promises to be a novel MM therapy.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2008

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common clinical entities encountered in a dizziness clinic. Treatment of this disease, canalith repositioning procedures, have been reported to be successful in 44-90%. Treatment requires only one treatment visit in most patients. However, there are significant numbers of patients who require multiple treatment visits for relief. The goal of this study is to identify variables that may be associated with these difficult to treat cases. Retrospective review was performed for the patients diagnosed as BPPV at St. Carollo dizziness center. Variables for statistical analysis included age, sex, involved canal, presence of bilateral disease, presence of recent head trauma, presence of chronic otitis media, history of middle ear surgery, history of otologic surgery, unilateral vestibular loss, underlying disease such as hypertension or diabetes, change of involved canal during treatment course and number of treatment visits. Two hundred patients with BPPV who received treatment were identified from JAN. 2006 to JUN. 2007. 87% required one treatment visit, 5% required second treatment visit, and 95% were successfully treated after three treatment visits. Variables such as bilateral disease, post-traumatic BPPV, duration of symptom before treatment and change of involved canal during treatment were significantly related with number of treatments. Patient's with bilateral BPPV or with recent head trauma or longer duration of symptom are more likely to require multiple visits for canalith repositioning.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.316-320
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• 2008

Purpose: Pachydermoperiostosis is a rare hereditary disease characterized by finger clubbing, periosteal reaction, and pachydermia. The underlying pathogenic mechanism of this disease remains unclear. This disease is known to be associated with a variety of diseases such as cranial suture defect, bone marrow failure, hypertrophic gastropathy, Crohn's disease, and female escuchen. Methods: A 50-year-old male had digital clubbing of both hands, coarse hypertrophic skin changes of face, progressive thickening and furrowing on the scalp(cutis verticis gyrata), persistent pain in the limbs and joints. Other cutaneous features include moderate blepharoptosis, pole-like lower legs and feet. Results: We performed surgical excision for hypertrophic skin change of scalp because of frequent eczematous skin change, severe itching sensation and cosmetic problem. Diagnosis is confirmed by bony proliferative periosteal reaction, pathologic findings, and characteristic clinical findings. Conclusion: Pachydermoperiostosis is manifested by finger clubbing, and hypertrophic skin changes causing coarse facial features with thickening and periosteal bone formation. We experienced a case of pachydermoperiostosis. Brief review of related literature is given.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.78-82
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• 1976

Bullous emphysema is usually associated with extensive chronic obliterative pulmonary disease. It is the disease of old age but rare in children or infancy. The bulla in this disease is acquired one. In general the symptoms are due to not the mere presence of the bulla but the extent of underlying lung pathology as emphysema or bronchitis. Occassionally giant bulla of great size may cause symptoms and in this occassion it should be differentiated from other diseases. Especially in children or infancy pneumothorax, congenital pulmonary cyst of lobar obstructive-emphysema should be excluded. Recently we experienced 2 cases of bullous emphysema in infancy with severe respiratory symptoms because of bullae of great size. We felt difficulties in differentiating with other conditions. The purpose of this report is to review our cases thoroughly and enhance considerations of this disease.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.106-110
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• 2017

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis of small and medium sized arteries. Even many years after onset, aneurysms and stenosis in coronary arteries may lead to an acute myocardial infarction, which is described as atypical or missed KD in childhood. KD is an underlying disease of young adults with acute myocardial infarction. We report on a rare case involving a total occlusion in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery combined with a giant left main aneurysm in a young adult patient with acute myocardial infarction ascribed to antecedent KD that is undefined but almost certain.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권12호
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• pp.772-781
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• 2011

Branched N-glycans are produced by a series of glycosyltransferases including N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases and fucosyltransferases and their corresponding genes. Glycans on specific glycoproteins, which are attached via the action of glycosyltransferases, play key roles in cell adhesion and signaling. Examples of this are adhesion molecules or signaling molecules such as integrin and E-cadherin, as well as membrane receptors such as the EGF and TGF-${\beta}$ receptors. These molecules also play pivotal roles in the underlying mechanism of a variety of disease such as cancer metastasis, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Alterations in the structures of branched N-glycans are also hall marks and are useful for cancer biomarkers and therapeutics against cancer. This mini-review describes some of our recent studies on a functional glycomics approach to the study of branched N-glycans produced by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases III, IV, V and IX (Vb) (GnT-III, GnT-IV, V and IX (Vb)) and fucosyltransferase 8 (Fut8) and their pathophysiological significance, with emphasis on the importance of a systems glycobiology approach as a future perspective for glycobiology.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.46-49
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• 2011

Background and Objectives Cervical necrotizing fasciitis is a fulminant disease associated with necrosis of connective tissue, spread along the fascial plane, and high mortality. We analyzed the clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of this rare fatal disease. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 19 patients treated for cervical necrotizing fasciitis from January 1999 to January 2009. Mean age was 53.7 years. Results The most common predisposing illness was tonsillitis (36.8%), followed by odontogenic infection (15.7%). Diabetes mellitus was most common underlying disease. Liver cirrhosis and chronic renal failure were found in 2 patients each. All patients were treated with combination of parenteral antibiotics and wide surgical debridement by transcervical and/or thoracotomy approach. Multiple surgical debridements were performed in 7 patients. Tracheotomy was performed in most of the patients (88.8%). Period of total hospitalization and Intensive care unit was 23 days and 10.1 days. Two patients died of disease and overall survival rate was 89.4%. Conclusion Early surgical management and care in intensive care unit are essential for cervical necrotizing fasciitis. Possible complications such as respiratory failure, mediastinitis or sepsis should be carefully evaluated.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2020

Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is an uncommon malignancy that occurs in apocrine gland-rich areas of the body. EMPD of the axilla is rare, but a few cases have been reported. Some cases of EMPD have been reported with underlying apocrine adenocarcinoma; rarely, mammary-type ductal carcinoma can accompany EMPD. Here, we report a very rare case of EMPD with apocrine adenocarcinoma and invasive mammary-type ductal carcinoma. A 55-year-old woman was referred with a brownish pigmented plaque accompanying an area of ulceration in the left axilla. A preoperative biopsy indicated Paget disease, and an additional evaluation was performed to determine whether it was of primary or secondary origin. A wide excision was made, and the axilla was reconstructed using a thoracodorsal artery perforator flap. The biopsy showed apocrine adenocarcinoma and invasive mammary-type ductal carcinoma with pagetoid spreading. The patient had no evidence of recurrence or other postoperative complications.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2019

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a progressive cerebrovascular disease with unknown etiology, characterized by bilateral steno-occlusive changes at the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery and an abnormal vascular network formation at the base of the brain. MMD has an intrinsic nature to convert the vascular supply for the brain from internal carotid (IC) system to the external carotid (EC) system, as indicated by Suzuki's angiographic staging. Insufficiency of this 'IC-EC conversion system' could result not only in cerebral ischemia, but also in intracranial hemorrhage from inadequate collateral anastomosis, both of which represent the clinical manifestation of MMD. Surgical revascularization prevents cerebral ischemic attack by improving cerebral blood flow, and recent evidence further suggests that extracranial-intracranial bypass could powerfully reduce the risk of re-bleeding in MMD patients with posterior hemorrhage, who were known to have extremely high re-bleeding risk. Although the exact mechanism underlying the hemorrhagic presentation in MMD is undetermined, most recent angiographic analysis revealed the characteristic angio-architecture related to high re-bleeding risk, such as the extension and dilatation of choroidal collaterals and posterior cerebral artery involvement. We sought to update the current management strategy for hemorrhagic MMD, including the outcome of surgical revascularization for hemorrhagic MMD in our institute. Further investigations will clarify the optimal surgical strategy to prevent hemorrhagic manifestation in patients with MMD.

• 식물병연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2019

Roles of nutrients in controlling plant diseases have been documented for a long time. Among the nutrients having impact on susceptibility/resistance to crop diseases, nitrogen is one of the most important nutrients for plant growth and development. In rice plants, excess nitrogen via fertilization in agricultural systems is known to increase susceptibility to the rice blast disease. Mechanisms underlying such phenomenon, despite its implication in yield and sustainable agriculture, have not been fully elucidated yet. A few research efforts attempted to link nitrogen-induced susceptibility to concomitant changes in rice plant and rice blast fungus in response to excess nitrogen. However, recent studies focusing on phytobiome are offering new insights into effects of nitrogen on interaction between plants and pathogens. In this review, I will first briefly describe importance of nitrogen as a key nutrient for plants and what changes excess nitrogen can bring about in rice and the fungal pathogen. Next, I will highlight some of the recent phytobiome studies relevant to nitrogen utilization and immunity of plants. Finally, I propose the hypothesis that changes in phytobiome upon excessive nitrogen fertilization contribute to nitrogen-induced susceptibility, and discuss empirical evidences that are needed to support the hypothesis.