• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence and microbiological characteristics of urinary tract infection in infants aged younger three months and to compare with other infection with positive urine culture. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 425 infants with a tympanic temperature >$37.6^{\circ}C$, aged younger than three months, who were admitted to Cheil General Hospital in Seoul, Korea, from January 2013 to December 2016. Demographic and clinical features, laboratory findings, respiratory virus PCR and the pathogens of a urine culture were analyzed. Results: A total of 88 infants (63 males, 25 females) had urinary pathogens detected in the urine culture test. The incidence of UTI in febrile infants aged younger 3 months was 11%. The most common pathogen which causes UTI was E. coli as same as in previous studies. They were divided into a UTI group (n=48) and a non-UTI group (n=40). In comparison of both group, leukocytosis, C-reactive protein level, Absolute neutrophil count level, peak temperature is statistically significant. In both group, there were co-infections with viral pathogens in some cases, and the odd ratio of non-UTI group with viral infection was 3.28. Conclusion: The study determined the incidence and pathogen of UTI in febrile infants, aged younger three months. E. coli was responsible for the majority UTI. There were some viral co-infections in febrile infants with bacteriuria and incidence was higher in non-UTI group. WBC count, ANC count and CRP level were the differentiating factors of UTI from non-UTI group.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제34권
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• pp.28.1-28.12
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• 2022

Background: Haenyeo is a woman who has the job of collecting seafood in the Jeju Sea at an average temperature of 13℃-14℃. The purpose of this study was to examine the cold acclimatization and occupational characteristics of Haenyeo through biomarkers such as orexin and irisin related to heat generation in the body. Methods: Twenty-one Haenyeo and 25 people with similar age, body type, and body mass index were selected as the control group (Control G). In the cold exposure experiment, a climate chamber was set to 5℃ and both feet were immersed in a 15℃ water tank for 30 minutes. Tympanic temperature (T_ty) and skin temperature (T_sk) were measured, and the mean body temperature (mT_b) was calculated. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after the examination. Orexin and irisin levels were analyzed. Results: Orexin levels were elevated after cold stimulation from 12.17 ± 4.44 to 12.95 ± 4.53 ng/mL (Haenyeo group [Haenyeo G], p < 0.01) and 10.37 ± 3.84 to 11.25 ± 4.02 ng/mL (Control G, p < 0.001). Irisin levels were elevated after cold stimulation from 4.83 ± 2.28 to 5.36 ± 2.23 ng/mL (Haenyeo G, p < 0.001) and 3.73 ± 1.59 to 4.18 ± 2.04 ng/mL (Control G, p < 0.001). The difference between Haenyeo G and Control G values in orexin and irisin appears not only in pre-exposure but also in post-exposure (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our experimental results suggest that Haenyeo G were relatively superior in cold tolerance to Control G under cold exposure conditions. Haenyeo's cold acclimatization is due to the basic differences in pyrogens regarding body temperature control such as orexin and irisin. This means that Haenyeo are advantageous for cold survival.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.142-146
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• 2010

Background: Stellate ganglion block (SGB) is known to increase blood flow to the innervations area of the stellate ganglion. Near infrared spectroscopy reflects an increased blood volume and allows continuous, non-invasive, and bedside monitoring of regional cerebral oxygen saturation ($rSO_2$). We investigated the influence of SGB on bilateral cerebral oxygenation using a near infrared spectroscopy. Methods: SGB was performed on 30 patients with 1% lidocaine 10 ml using a paratracheal technique at the C6 level and confirmed by the presence of Horner's syndrome. The blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and rSO2 were measured before SGB and 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after SGB. Tympanic temperature of each ear was measured prior to SGB and 20 minutes after SGB. Results: The increments of the $rSO_2$ on the block side from the baseline were statistically significant at 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. The $rSO_2$ on the non-block side compared with the baseline, however, decreased at 15 and 20 minutes. The difference between the block and the non-block sides was significant at 15 and 20 minutes. The BP at 10, 15 and 20 minutes was increased and the HR was increased at 10 and 15 minutes. Conclusions: We observed an increment of the $rSO_2$ on the block side from the baseline; however, the $rSO_2$ on the non-block side decreased.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.501-509
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• 2022

Irisin is a myokine caused by exercise that improves insulin resistance and weight loss. However, under unfavorable conditions such as air pollution, and during the pandemic, outdoor activities are uncomfortable. Therefore, in this study, the effect of heat therapy (half bath 42 ± 0.5℃ for 30 min) on irisin circulation levels as an exercise alternative for middle-aged obese women after menopause was investigated. Subjects were 33 women aged 49.54 ± 6.04 years, with parameters of height, 160.12 ± 4.33 cm, weight, 69.71 ± 7.52 kg, body surface area 1.73 ± 0.13 m², body mass index, 27.19 ± 3.40 kg/m². The results suggest that circulating irisin levels showed a significant increase after one-time thermotherapy (TH-1). However, the increase in circulating irisin levels after 15 treatments (TH-15, 5 days/week, 3 weeks) was significantly varied. The level of adiponectin, which increases fatty oxidation to reduce fatty deposition, increased significantly at TH-1, but further increased at TH-15, which was significantly different from the level of TH-1. In addition, the basic serum free fatty acid (FFA) level was significantly increased at TH-15 compared to TH-1. Significant differences were also found in the lipid profile (body mass index, waist circumference, and % body fat). Thermotherapy can significantly increase the tympanic temperature and induce changes in circulating irisin and adiponectin levels. Thus, it resulted in positive changes in FFA and lipid profiles. Therefore, repeated thermotherapy is effective in increasing circulating irisin levels in postmenopausal obese women.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.386-392
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• 2017

Background: Fire service workers often implement multiple duties in the emergency conditions, with such duties being mostly conducted in various ambient temperatures. Methods: The aim of the current study was to assess the firefighters' physiological responses, information processing, and working memory prior to and following simulated firefighting activities in three different hot environments. Seventeen healthy male firefighters performed simulated firefighting tasks in three separate conditions, namely (1) low heat (LH; $29-31^{\circ}C$, 55-60% relative humidity), (2) moderate heat (MH; $32-34^{\circ}C$, 55-60% relative humidity), and (3) severe heat (SH; $35-37^{\circ}C$, 55-60% relative humidity). It took about 45-50 minutes for each firefighter to finish all defined firefighting activities and the paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT). Results: At the end of all the three experimental conditions, heart rate (HR) and tympanic temperature (TT) increased, while PASAT scores as a measure of information processing performance decreased relative to baseline. HR and TT were significantly higher at the end of the experiment in the SH ($159.41{\pm}4.25beats/min$; $38.22{\pm}0.10^{\circ}C$) compared with the MH ($156.59{\pm}3.77beats/min$; $38.20{\pm}0.10^{\circ}C$) and LH ($154.24{\pm}4.67beats/min$; $38.17{\pm}0.10^{\circ}C$) conditions (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in PASAT scores between LH and MH (p > 0.05). Nonetheless, there was a measurable difference in PASAT scores between LH and SH (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These consequences demonstrate that ambient temperature is effective in raising the physiological responses following firefighting activities. It is therefore argued that further increase of ambient temperature can impact firefighters' information processing and working memory during firefighting activity.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2002

목 적 : 여러 모의 연구(simulated study)에서 순환제 교대근무자의 야간 근무에 따른 수면장애와 작업수행의 어려움에 대해 광치료가 치료적 도구로 제안되고 있어 실제 순환제 교대 근무 환경에서의 야간 근무 동안 광치료의 효과를 평가하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 연구대상인 5명의 병동 근무 간호사들은 기초평가단계 동안 연속적인 3일간의 낮 근무 후 650 lux의 실내 조명 하에서 연속적인 3일간의 야간근무를 하도록 계획되었으며, 2주 후의 광치료시행단계에서는 동일한 순환주기로 근무하는 동안 자정부터 오전 4시까지 2500 lux의 광박스를 이용한 광치료를 시행하였다. 야간근무 후의 낮수면은 actiwatch를 이용하여 평가되었으며 야간 근무 동안은 스탠포드 졸리움 척도를 이용한 각성상태, 고막체온, STIM을 이용한 수행능력 및 visual analogue를 이용한 우울감, 불안감, 신체적 불편감, 피로감을 기초평가단계와 광치료시행단계 각각에서 야간근무 첫째날과 셋째날을 비교평가하였다. 결 과 : 야간근무 후의 낮 수면은 기초평가단계와 광치료 시행단계 모두 야간 근무 1일째와 3일째에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 일주기리듬의 위상 변화를 알아보기 위해 측정된 고막 온도는 야간근무 3일째에 기초평가단계에서는 위상전진을 나타낸 반면 광치료시행단계에서는 위상변화가 없었다. 또한, 각성상태, 우울감, 불안감, 피로감, 신체적 불편감, 졸리움 등의 변화도 기초평가단계에서 야간근무 3일째에 유의하게 악화된 반면 광치료시행단계에서는 변화가 없었다. 주의력에서는 광치료시행단계에서만 야간근무 3일째가 1일째에 비해 유의하게 호전되는 양상을 나타내었다. 결 론 : 본 연구는 위약효과를 배제할 수는 없지만, 실제근무 환경에서 단기간의 광치료가 순환제 교대근무자들의 주간 수면의 질을 뚜렷하게 변화시키진 않았으나, 야간 근무동안 졸리움 감소와 주의력 향상을 통한 야간 업무 수행능력의 호전 가능성을 제시해 주고 있다.