• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.491-498
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• 1992

Chelating triphosphines were applied to freeze the fluxionality and to minimize the number of isomers found in the monophosphine analogues and this technique was proved to be useful. RuH(NO)$P_3$($P_3$; Cyttp, ttp and etp) complexes were characterized to have similar trigonal bipyramidal structures with linear NO groups. Cyttp prefers to have a meridional geometry while etp prefers a facial one and ttp complexes are mixture of these two isomers. The crystal structure of RuH(NO)(Cyttp) has been determined to have a distorted trigonal bipyramidal structure with a linear NO in the equatorial plane. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group $P_{nma}$, with unit cell dimensions a = 16.356(2), b = 20.474(2), c = 10.915(l) ${\AA}$, V = 3655 ${\AA}^3$, Z = 4, R = 0.035 and $R_w$ = 0.034 for the 2900 intensities with $F_o^2 >3{\sigma}(F_o^2)$ and the 208 variables.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.367-380
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• 2005

Recent earthquakes have shown that many of existing buildings in Iran sustain heavy damage due to defective seismic details. To assess vulnerability of one common type of buildings, which consists of low rise framed concrete structures, three defective and three standard columns have been tested under reversed cyclic load. The substandard specimens suffered in average 37% loss of strength and 45% loss of energy dissipation capacity relative to standard specimens, and this was mainly due to less lateral and longitudinal reinforcement and insufficient sectional dimensions. A relationship has been developed to introduce variation of plastic length under increasing displacement amplitude. At ultimate state, the length of plastic hinge is almost equal to full depth of section. Using calibrated hysteresis models, the response of different specimens under two earthquakes has been analyzed. The analysis indicated that the ratio between displacement demand and capacity of standard specimens is about unity and that of deficient ones is about 1.7.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.617-627
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• 2013

In wind load calculations based on pressure measurements, the concept of 'tributary area' is usually used. The literature has less guidance for a systematic computational methodology for calculating tributary areas, in general, and for scattered pressure taps, in particular. To the best of the author's knowledge, there is no generic mathematical equation that helps calculate the tributary areas for irregular pressure taps. Traditionally, the drawing of tributary boundaries for scattered and intensively distributed taps may not be feasible (a time and resource consuming task). To alleviate this problem, this paper presents a proposed numerical approach for tributary area calculations on rectangular surfaces. The approach makes use of the available coordinates of the pressure taps and the dimensions of the surface. The proposed technique is illustrated by two application examples: first, quasi-regularly distributed pressure taps, and second, taps that have scattered distribution on a rectangular surface. The accuracy and the efficacy of the approach are assessed, and a comparison with a traditional method is presented.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and define the concept of cancer rehabilitation in the lives of cancer survivors. Methods: A hybrid model of concept development was used to interface theoretical analaysis and empirical observation with a focus on definition. A comprehensive literature review and semi-structured interviews with five cancer survivors were completed. Results: The concept of cancer rehabilitation was found to be a route toward a positive experience having meaning in two dimensions: recovery of the activities of daily living and intrapersonal growth. Four attributes and ten indicators were defined. Conclusion: Cancer rehabilitation was defined as a positive process of change through recovery of the activities of daily living and intrapersonal growth. Therefore, oncology nurses can be encouraged to design, implement, and evaluate cancer rehabilitation nursing interventions with the results of this study. Further research needs to develop cancer rehabilitation measurements.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.840-845
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• 2008

To develop our original technology of concrete slab track, being widely accepted for new track, prefabricated concrete slab track, or precast concrete slab track has been developed. They have two different types according to slab shape and its dimensions, connection of slabs and connecting structure onto substructure. After the system design and successful performance evaluation in the laboratory, the trial installation on revenue line has been carried out. This paper is presenting the result of the trial installation and the performance tests in field. The performance tests have been performed as visual inspection for cracks and damages, measurement of track alignment and elastic behavior of track under passing trains. The performance test results during last 2 years have shown that no remarkable damages and settlements were found, and track alignment and elastic track behavior both exhibits good status.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2019

This article gives an overview of spray measurement technique were reviewed and suggestions. Spray formation mechanism is the most intellectually challenging and practically important topics in fluid mechanics. Methods for analysis of existing spray development have been developed in various ways, but if there is no support for relatively sufficient equipment, there are limitations to analysis. The newly measured and analyzed method may exceed the threshold for preparation of analysis and, as the results of two-dimensional individual analysis are aggregated and analyzed in three dimensions by a combination of analysis methods, the method is considered a relatively accurate analysis method that analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.1173-1246
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• 2019

We find all P-resolutions of quotient surface singularities (especially, tetrahedral, octahedral, and icosahedral singularities) together with their dual graphs, which reproduces (a corrected version of) Jan Steven's list [Manuscripta Math. 1993] of the numbers of P-resolutions of each singularities. We then compute the dimensions and Milnor numbers of the corresponding irreducible components of the reduced base spaces of versal deformations of each singularities. Furthermore we realize Milnor fibers as complements of certain divisors (depending only on the singularities) in rational surfaces via the semi-stable minimal model program for 3-folds. Then we compare Milnor fibers with minimal symplectic fillings, where the latter are classified by Bhupal and Ono [Nagoya Math. J. 2012]. As an application, we show that there are 6 pairs of entries in the list of Bhupal and Ono [Nagoya Math. J. 2012] such that two entries in each pairs represent diffeomorphic minimal symplectic fillings.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.183-191
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• 2019

A piezoelectric paper feeder actuator using Micro Virtual Roller (MVR) is proposed, designed, fabricated and tested. This actuator can drive a sheet of paper forward or backward without any mechanical parts, such as the costly and heavy rollers used in traditional paper feeders. In this paper feeder actuator, two vibrating stators which produce traveling waves are used to drive the paper. The vibrations of the stators are similar to those of piezoelectric motors and follow a similar procedure to move the paper. A feasibility study simulated the actuator in COMSOL Multiphysics Software. Traveling wave and elliptical trajectories were obtained and the dimensions of the stator were optimized using FEM so that the paper could move at top speed. Next, the eigenfrequencies of the actuator was determined. Experimental testing was done in order to validate the FEM results that revealed the relationships between speed and parameters such as frequency and voltage. Advantages of this new mechanism are the sharp decrease in power consumption and low maintenance.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.139-150
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• 2018

This paper investigated the human distribution in subway station areas in Seoul, using geotweets and subway ridership data. Eight stations were selected from the districts of Gangnam and Gangbuk. Geotweets located within a 600-meter radius of the central coordinates of each station were extracted, and distances between the center of station and each tweet location were calculated. Donut-shaped dimension and pie-shaped dimension were generated, using the Haversine distance formula and the Azimuth angle formula respectively. By combining the two dimensions, Dartboard-shaped space division is created. Popular places within the subway station areas identified from this research are almost the same as the current well-known popular places, and this is an important case showing that people send tweets from various places where they engage in daily activities. We expect this study can be a methodological guideline for social scientists who use spatio-temporal or GPS data for their research.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.393-403
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• 2019

Applying more features gives us better accuracy in modeling; however, increasing the inputs causes the curse of dimensions. In this paper, a new structure has been proposed for fault detecting and identifying (FDI) of high-dimensional systems. This structure consist of two structure. The first part includes Auto-Encoders (AE) as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to produce feature engineering process and summarize the features. The second part consists of the Local Model Networks (LMNs) with LOcally LInear MOdel Tree (LOLIMOT) algorithm to model outputs (multiple models). The fault detection is based on these multiple models. Hence the residuals generated by comparing the system output and multiple models have been used to alarm the faults. To show the effectiveness of the proposed structure, it is tested on single-shaft industrial gas turbine prototype model. Finally, a brief comparison between the simulated results and several related works is presented and the well performance of the proposed structure has been illustrated.