• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.625-629
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• 1998

Turnip mosaic potyviruses (TuMV) were isolated from Rorippa indica and Armoracia lapathifolia showing mosaic symptoms in field. Identification of the TuMVs were carried out by host reactions of indicator plants, electron micrograph, serological properties and reverse transcription-poly-merase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Both viruses systemically infected Chenopodium quinoa, Nicotiana clevelandii, Brassica rapa, B. campestris subsp. pekinensis, B. juncea and Raphanus sativus, and developed local infection on inoculated leaves of C. quinoa, C. amaranticola, C. album, N. tabacum cv. Xanthi nc and Gomphrena grobosa. However, the viruses did not infect on N. glutinosa, Cucumis sativus and Vigna unguiculata. The filamentous particles, about 720 nm in length, and inclusion bodies were observed from the infected leaf tissues by dipping on electron microscopy. Crude sap of leaf infected with the viruses was reacted positively with an antiserum of TuMV in agar gel double diffusion. For detection of the viruses, RT-PCR was carried out with TuMV--specfic oligonucleotide primer. The RT-PCR products, a 1,092 bp DNA fragment, were obtained from naturally infected leaves of R. indica and A. lapathifolia. In inoculation test to seven cruciferous weeds with TuMV, infection occurred in Arabis glabra, Barbarea orthoceras, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Draba nomorosa var. hebecarpa, Rorippa cantoniensis and Thlaspi arvense.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.105-109
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• 2013

Raman spectroscopy provides many advantages compared to other common analytical techniques due to its ability of rapid and accurate identification of unknown specimens as well as simple sample preparation. Here, we described potential of Raman spectroscopic technique as an efficient and high throughput method to detect plants infected by economically important viruses. To enhance the detection sensitivity of Raman measurement, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was employed. Spectra of extracts from healthy and Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) infected Chinese cabbage leaves were collected by mixing with gold (Au) nanoparticles. Our result showed that TYMV infected plants could be discriminated from non-infected healthy plants, suggesting the current method described here would be an alternative potential tool to screen virus-infection of plants in fields although it needs more studies to generalize the technique.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.17 no.1 s.34
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• pp.33-35
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• 1978

The infected spin aches showing yellow mosaic symptom were collected and confirmed that the causal agent was turnip mosaic virus. The results of host reaction indicated that this virus induced local lesion on the inoculated leaves of Nicotiana tabacum (B.Y) and Chenopodium amaranticolor, mosaic symptoms on chrysanthemum coronarum, spinacea oleracea and Rephanus acanthiormis. The infected leaves extracts with this virus showed positive reaction with authentic turnip mosaic virus-antiserum. The virus particles were filaments type with size of 750nm by means of dipping method in electron microscope.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-23
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• 2021

Resistance to diseases caused by turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) in crop species of the family Brassicaceae has been studied extensively, especially in members of the genus Brassica. The variation in response observed on resistant and susceptible plants inoculated with different isolates of TuMV is due to a combination of the variation in the plant resistome and the variation in the virus genome. Here, we review the breadth of this variation, both at the level of variation in TuMV sequences, with one eye towards the phylogeny and evolution of the virus, and another eye towards the nature of the various responses observed in susceptible vs. different types of resistance responses. The analyses of the viral genomes allowed comparisons of pathotyped viruses on particular indicator hosts to produce clusters of host types, while the inclusion of phylogeny data and geographic location allowed the formation of the host/geographic cluster groups, the derivation of both of which are presented here. Various studies on resistance determination in particular brassica crops sometimes led to further genetic studies, in many cases to include the mapping of genes, and in some cases to the actual identification of the genes. In addition to summarizing the results from such studies done in brassica crops, as well as in radish and Arabidopsis (the latter as a potential source of candidate genes for brassica and radish), we also summarize work done using nonconventional approaches to obtaining resistance to TuMV.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.255-259
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• 2007

For this investigation, we analyzed the chemical characteristics and enzyme activities of Icheon Ge-Geol radish, Gangwha turnip, and Korean radish. Regarding their proximate compositions, the water contents of the Icheon Ge-Geol radish, Gangwha turnip, and Korean radish were 87.78, 92.73, and 91.45%, respectively. The crude protein, crude fiber, and ash contents of the Icheon Ge-Geol radish were 1.35, 1.11, and 1.55%, respectively, which were much higher than the contents of the other samples; however, total dietary fiber was significantly lower. For mineral content, the magnesium, potassium, and calcium levels of the Icheon Ge-Geol radish were higher than the other samples. With regards to the enzyme activities of the samples, the protease and myrosinase activities of the Icheon Ge-Geol radish were higher than in the other samples. For ${\alpha}-amylase$ activity, the Korean radish showed the strongest activity (18.99 units/g of sample), followed by the Gangwha turnip and Icheon Ge-Geol radish.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.292-297
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• 1999

This study was performed to estimate the possibility of use of plant materials as catalytic agents fur the decontamination of waste waters contaminated with organic pollutants by using 2,4-dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP) as a model pollutant. Plant materials containing high peroxidase activity were selected as catalysts for the removal of 2,4-DCP. Peroxidase activity, which plant materials were containing, was measured, and the greatest peroxidase activity was observed in shepherd's purse, followed by turnip, sweet potato, Chinese cabbage and white radish. The peroxidase activity in shepherd's purse was four times higher than that of horseradish purchased in U.S.A. Using shepherd' s purse and turnip, it was investigated the effect of various factors on the decontamination of 2,4-DCP through oxidative coupling. The removal of 2,4-DCP was extremely fast, and a maximal removal could be achieved within 3 min for shepherd' s purse and 15min for turnip. The pH range was from 3.0 to 8.0 and the amount of $H_2O_2$ added was 9mM when maximal removal was achieved(over 90%). No increasing removal of 2,4-DCP was observed due to increasing the amount of $H_2O_2$ added (over 9mM). The initial concentration affected the transformation of 2,4-DCP incubated with plant materials. When turnip was used as catalytic agent, it was observed decreasing transformation of 2,4-DCP due to increasing initial concentration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 2003

Physicochemical and sensory properties of turnip dongchimi were examined during fermentation at $0^{\circ}C$. Salt concentrations of dongchimi liquid were around 1.3% during fermentation. Greater decrease in pH and reducing sugar content in solid, and higher increase of acidity, turbidity and reducing sugar content in liquid were observed during fermentation. The acidity and pH at the optimal fermentation time, at the day 40 was observed 0.36% and pH 3.9, respectively Lactobacilli number, turbidity, anthocyanin content, the Hunter color L and a values were the greatest at the day 40 and then gradually decreased. The hardness and fracturability of turnip, determined by texture analyser, decreased during fermentation, while springiness increased. Sensory evaluation showed that the scores of color of purple, sweet taste, savory taste, and over-all preference of dongchimi were highest at the day 40. Score of overall preference of turnip dongchimi was the highest with 6.5 at the 40th day of fermentation, the optimum fermentation time, but the score until the day 60 was not significantly decreased.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.119-125
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• 2015

Interspecific crosses between rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and chinese cabbage (B. campestris var. pekinensis Makino) and turnip (B. rapa L.) were made in order to examine the cross possibility and morphological phenotype of $F_1$ hybrid. The growth of pollen tube of cross between rapeseed and chinese cabbage was more rapid than cross between rapeseed and turnip. Silique formation and seed setting in silique were relatively high in the cross between rapeseed and chinese cabbage. The percentage of silique set from interspecific cross between rapeseed and chinese cabbage was 90.6% and higher 23.3% than the percentage of silique from interspecific cross rapeseed and turnip. The average number of seed per silique obtained from the cross rapeseed and chinese cabbage, and rapeseed and turnip reached 15.5 and 11.6, respectively. The morphological phenotypes of $F_1$ hybrid plants obtained from seeds in the cross between rapeseed and chinese cabbage resembled rapeseed mainly, but leaf length and leaf width were increased. The size, shape and lobation of leaves of $F_1$ hybrid plants from interspecific cross between rapeseed and turnip were intermediated between their parent species, but color of leaves was dark-green.

• Plant Disease and Agriculture
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.45-46
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• 1995

In recent years, there were considerably severe occurrences of TuMV(turnip mosaic virus) disease on radish and Chinese cabbage cultivated at alpine or sub-alpine regions, especially more severe on young Chinese cabbage sowed after late June. Started from 1991, those were very severe in 1992 and 1994, for the number of migrated aphids was increased enormously according to the weather condition of high temperature and low humidity then. This disease started at late June to early July, and continued to late August. It seemed that TuMV was transmitted easily and completely to the young chinese cabbages, but hardly and rarely the old. The regions over 1,000m of altitude had less possibility of disease-occurring, but there was severe occurrence on the second cropping of Chinese cabbage in a year. It is considered that more researches on control method of TuMV disease will be needed very urgently.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.220-222
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• 1998

In 1995, we collected stock (Matthiola incana) plants causing mosaic symptoms on leaves and color breakings on flowers in Daekwallyong, Korea. Two viruses were isolated from the infected plants, and identified as cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) by experiments of host range, serology and electron microscopy. Each of the virus did not produce the same symptoms on the stock seedlings as naturally infected plants caused. When the viruses were coinoculated to the stock seedlings, however, severe mosaic symptoms were observed on leaves, and then the color breakings were expressed on flowers.