• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.329-336
• /
• 2008

도심지 생활 편의를 위한 효율적인 교통 네트워크가 요구되고 있다. 그러나 과밀한 교통 네트워크는 교통체증은 물론 지반환경에 좋지 않은 영향을 주고 있어 터널 및 지하공간에 대한 효율적인 사용과 개발이 요구된다. 지난 20년간 전세계에서 많은 터널 화재사고가 발생하였으며, 그 결과 인명 및 구조물 피해는 물론 경제적으로 큰 손실을 초래하였다. 산악터널의 경우에는 화재 발생에 따른 터널 라이닝의 손상이 터널 안전성에 큰 영향을 주지는 않을 것이다. 그러나, 쉴드터널, 침매터널, 개착터널의 콘크리트 라이닝은 구조부재로 사용되는 관계로 화재 발생이 터널 붕괴로 이어지는 위험성을 안고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 새롭게 개발된 시멘트계 내화재료로 피복된 터널 철근 콘크리트 라이닝의 내화성능을 평가하기 위함이다. 콘크리트 라이닝 시편을 대상으로 독일의 RABT 내화곡선(최고온도 $1,200^{\circ}C$), 네델란드의 RWS 내화곡선(최고온도 $1,350^{\circ}C$)을 이용하여 실험을 실시하였으며, 그 결과 RABT 내화곡선 하에서는 30mm의 내화피복만으로도 우수한 내화성능을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.112-119
• /
• 2005

In road tunnel, in order to prevents an accident and minimize the damage of an accident in the case of fire, safety facilities and equipments are integral parts. The type and amount of safety facilities are based on tunnel type and length, traffic flow rate, etc. Therefore many countries use a tunnel classification system that categories tunnel into groups, and specifies the necessary emergency equipment for each group. In this study, for the purpose of classifying tunnel based on tunnel ist investigated the domestic and foreign standards and regulations for safety of road tunnel. As a results, we suggest the method of classification of tunnel by traffic performance, tunnel grade, the volume of traffic, fraction of HGV, rules or regulations for transports of dangerous good through tunnel.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 유체기계공업학회 2006년 제4회 한국유체공학학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.575-578
• /
• 2006

In designing smoke-control system of rescue station in train tunnel, a purpose is to prevent a disaster by proposing the jet fan operation together with smoke-control curtain in tunnel fire. This study has investigated the relationship of the Heat Release Rate(HRR) and a adequate ventilation velocity to control the fire propagation in tunnel fire, and has improved the effect of the smoke-control curtain on preventing the flow of pollutants. In this study, Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) simulations with ST AR-CD(ver 3.24) were carried out on predicting the fire spreading and the flow of pollutants, considering jet fan operations and effect of smoke-control curtain. Our simulation domain is the full scale model of the 'DAEGWALLYEONG' 1st tunnel. The results represent that ventilation operation can control the fire spreading and pollutants effectively to prevent a disaster.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국화재소방학회 2008년도 춘계학술논문발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.218-221
• /
• 2008

The real scale fire suppression test inside a road tunnel were carried out for water spray systems. The dimension of the tunnel is 7.5m in height and 11.6m in width. 3 different water spray nozzle systems with low operating pressure less than 3.5 bar were used in the experiment. Two types of fires were tested. One is a $1.4m^2$ heptane pool fire and the other is a 2000CC passenger car fire. From the experiment, the spray densities of tested systems were about $6.0\;l/min/m^2$ which is currunt domestic guideline. Although all the systems cannot extinguish the tested fires, it was found that they can reduce the tunnel temperature and have a capability to control and suppress the tested fire.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2010년 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.208-213
• /
• 2010

In this study CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis of the steady fire-driven fuid flow for the performance test of ventilation at railway tunnel between Heuksok and Nodeul Station from Seoul Metro 9 is performed. There were fans with exhaust and intake modes and each was installed at the middle and both ends of the tunnel. For this test, the pool fire source of methyl alcohol with 1.5MW and smoke generators were installed between the middle of tunnel and Heuksok Station. In this test, the smoke behavior from natural convection was observed for 10 minutes from the ignition of pool fire and then fans with intake-modes at both sides of Heuksok effect of fan-on with intake mode located in the opposite side of the tunnel nearby Heuksok Station on fire-driven fluid flow is studied on when the boundary conditions of fan-on at the tunnel between Heuksok and Nodeul Station are the same as test. FLUENT, a commercial CFD code, is used for this analysis.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.1845-1850
• /
• 2003

The underground utility tunnels are important facility as a mainstay of country because of communication developments. The communication and electrical duct banks as well as various utility lines for urban life are installed in the underground utility tunnel systems. If a fire breaks out in this life-line tunnel, the function of the city will be discontinued and the huge damages are occurred. In order to improve the safety of life-line tunnel systems and the fire detection, the behaviors of the fire-induced smoke flow and temperature distribution are investigated. In this study we assumed that the fire is occurred at the contact or connection points of cable. Numerical calculations are carried out using different velocity of ventilation in utility tunnel. The fire source is modeled as a volumetric heat source. Three-dimensional flow and thermal characteristics in the underground tunnel are solved by means of FVM (Finite Volume Method) using SIMPLE algorithm and standard ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ model for Reynolds stress terms. The numerical results of the fire-induced flow characteristics in an underground utility tunnel with different velocity of ventilation are graphically prepared and discussed.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2005

터널내에서 자동 화재탐지장비는 불꽃감지기를 설치함으로써 조기감지, 조기 진압실현 및 위험발생상황을 터널진입직전의 차량운전자 및 관련기관에 알려 즉시 대처할 수 있다. 이 논문에서는 화재발생시 즉각 대처 가능한 조기감지시스템과 피난터널에 대하여 살펴보도록 한다.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2011년 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.169-172
• /
• 2011

Recently, railroad long tunnels are increasing and growing longer due to topological feathers like a lot of mountain in Korea. But fire disaster of a long tunnel cause many people to injury and death. For that reason, at the early design stage of a long tunnel, risk assessment and mitigation measure of risk for satisfying tunnel safety are required. According to the railroad facility safety standard (Korean MLTM Announcement No. 2006-395), risk assessment for railroad-tunnel fire should be performed when design stage. Therefore, various methods of risk assessment for tunnel fire have been studied and applied. In the paper, QRA(Quantitative Risk Analysis) for fire risk assessment by using CFD code is presented and the usefulness of CFD is discussed.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국화재소방학회 1997년도 International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
• /
• pp.404-412
• /
• 1997

The pipes and cables buried below ground, which may have helped to improve city landscape, is becoming direct and indirect causes for various kinds of disaster in Korea. Every advantage from the use of utility tunnel can not be converted in a dollar since there is associated huge contribution to safe urban environment. The Korean government has a certain role to play in helping promote utility tunnels for the past years. Most recently, many utility tunnels have been being checked to find out safety level, especially fire safety level, and main problems and shortcomings are checked out as a result of this survey. Because the fire safety level of existing tunnel is low, possible approaches and solutions are presented according to the analysis of fire safety level. In order for these approaches to be effective, existing tunnel should be supplemented appropriately and extra equipment must be installed according to the solutions. Hopefully, by performing both improvement of existing utility tunnel that provide a fire/disaster proof and introducing new types of tunnel which influence utility management and maintenance, the recent disaster rate in Korea can be diminished up to a desirable rate in a near future.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.23-27
• /
• 2011

건설 기술 발전과 국토의 효율적인 활용으로 인하여 건설되고 있는 터널은 지하 공간과 같은 폐쇄 공간의 특성으로 화재 시발생하는 연기와 열은 인명 및 물적 피해에 영향을 주는 매우 큰 위험요소이다. 본 연구에서는 광케이블을 이용하여 온도 변화를 측정하는 화재 감지 시스템을 설치하여 감지기가 동작한 온도 변화 값 및 시간과 실 화재 실험과 동일한 조건으로 화재 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 온도센서의 온도 변화 값 및 시간을 비교, 분석하였다. 실험 결과 화재실험과 화재 시뮬레이션의 온도변화는 점화 후 1분 이내에 화재를 감지하여 신호를 경보하는 것으로 나타났으며, 화재 감지기와 시뮬레이션 온도 센서의 온도변화 특성은 터널 내부의 기류 속도와 밀접한 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 터널 화재는 연기의 방향에 의해 피난과 소방대 진입에 영향을 미치므로 화재 지점과 화재 방향을 파악할 수 있어야 한다.