• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.7541-7546
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• 2015

Aim: To report the histologic findings on Whipple resection specimens and thus determine the extent and spread of carcinomas of ampullary region and head of pancreas in our population. Setting: Section of Histopathology, Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: A case series of 311 consecutive Whipple resection specimens received between January 1,2003 and December 31, 2014. Specimens processed for histologic sections and representative sections submitted and histologically examined as per established and standard protocols. All relevant tumor parameters including histologic type, histologic grade, pathologic T and N stage and tumor size were assessed. Epidemiologic data were also recorded. All findings were analysed using SPSS 19.0 software. Results: Ampullary (periampullary) carcinomas were much more common than carcinomas of the head of the pancreas, especially in males, with an average age of 53 years. Mean tumor size was 2.5 cms, over 54% were well differentiated. A large majority were pT2 or pT3 and N0. Carcinomas of pancreatic head were also more common in males, mean age was 55 years, mean tumor size was 3.5cms, and over 65% were moderately differentiated. The majority were T2 or T3 and pN1. Prognostically, significant statistical correlation was seen with tumor grade and pathologic T and N stage (p values statistically significant). However, tumor size was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Ampullary carcinomas are more common compared to pancreatic carcinomas. Majority of ampullary carcinomas were well differentiated while majority of pancreatic carcinomas were moderately differentiated. Large majority of both types of cases were pT2 or T3. Histologic tumor grade and pathologic T and N stage are significantly related to prognosis in Pakistani patients with ampullary and pancreatic cancers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권13호
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• pp.5371-5375
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• 2014

Background: An accurate assessment of potential lymph node metastasis is important for the appropriate treatment of early gastric cancers. Therefore, this study analyzed predictive factors associated with lymph node metastasis and identified differences between mucosal and submucosal gastric cancers. Materials and Methods: A total of 518 early gastric cancer patients who underwent radical gastrectomy were reviewed in this study. Clinicopathological features were analyzed to identify predictive factors for lymph node metastasis. Results: The rate of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer was 15.3% overall, 3.3% for mucosal cancer, and 23.5% for submucosal cancer. Using univariate analysis, risk factors for lymph node metastasis were identified as tumor location, tumor size, depth of tumor invasion, histological type and lymphovascular invasion. Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size >2 cm, submucosal invasion, undifferentiated tumors and lymphovascular invasion were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis. When the carcinomas were confined to the mucosal layer, tumor size showed a significant correlation with lymph node metastasis. On the other hand, histological type and lymphovascular invasion were associated with lymph node metastasis in submucosal carcinomas. Conclusions: Tumor size >2 cm, submucosal tumor, undifferentiated tumor and lymphovascular invasion are predictive factors for lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. Risk factors are quite different depending on depth of tumor invasion. Endoscopic treatment might be possible in highly selective cases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.125-128
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• 1996

원발성 종격동 지방육종은 지방육종중에서도 극히 드문 종양으로, 현재 국내에 3예만이 보되어 있을 뿐이다. 원발성 종격동 지방육종은 매우 다양한 증상을 나타내지만 주로 기침, 호흡곤란 등과 같은 호흡기 증상이 대부분이고, 일부는 무증상으로우연히 발견되기도 한다. 종양의 치료로는 수술적 완전절제가 우선되어야 하며, 완전절제가 불가능한 경우에도 부분 절제와 보조적 화학요법을 통해 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 증례환자는 34세로 6년전에 우연히 발견된 종격동종양이 점차 크기가 증가하여 종양의 치료를위해 입원하였다. 종양은 완전절제가 가능하였고, 현미경소견상 고분화성 지방육종에 합당하였다. 환자는 수술후 합병증없이 술후 7일째 퇴원하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.263-266
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• 2012

Endobronchial inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a rare primary lung disease. A 39-year-old woman with dyspnea and a productive cough underwent complete surgical resection of a small-sized inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor that invaded the left main bronchus and the carina with lung-saving modified left one-stoma-type carinoplasty. We report this case with a review of literature.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.183-187
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• 1986

Some of organophosphate pesticides which are the most heavily used in Korea, were examined for their effects on the murine immune system. Immunotoxicological assay parameters adaopted in this study were Arthus reaction for humoral immunity, delayed type hypersensitivity reaction for cell mediate immunity, carbon clearance for macrophage function and susceptiility to tumor challenge. Subchronic exposure of rodents to the pesticides resulted in the marked suppression of immune functions and enhancement of susceptibility to tumor challenge. Among the pesticides tested (fenitrothion, fenthion, diazinon and EPN), fenitrothion was the most suppressive in Arthus and delayed type hypersensitivity reaction.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.219-221
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• 2012

A 20-month-old boy presented with a intraparenchymal mass in the right frontoparietal area manifesting as complex partial seizure, secondary generalization and left hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the brain showed inhomogeneously enhancing mass in the right frontoparietal area which has irregular margin and perilesional edema. Based on the radiological findings, a preoperative diagnosis was an intraaxial tumor, such as pilocytic astrocytoma or dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor. The patient underwent a surgery including frontal craniotomy. The tumor had a partially extreme adherence to the surrounding brain tissue but it showed no dural attachment. Gross-total resection of the tumor was achieved. Postoperative follow-up computed tomography scans showed no residual tumor. The pathological findings confirmed the tumor as a WHO grade I meningioma, transitional type. Nine months after the surgery, follow-up brain MRI showed no recurrence of the tumor, porencephaly in site where the tumor was resected; the patient's symptoms had fully recovered. We report the case of a meningioma in a 20-month-old boy.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.33.1-33.19
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• 2020

We tested how adjuvants effect in a cancer vaccine model using an epitope derived from an autoactivation loop of membrane-type protease serine protease 14 (PRSS14; loop metavaccine) in mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-polyoma middle tumor-antigen (PyMT) system and in 2 other orthotopic mouse systems. Earlier, we reported that loop metavaccine effectively prevented progression and metastasis regardless of adjuvant types and TH types of hosts in tail-vein injection systems. However, the loop metavaccine with Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) reduced cancer progression and metastasis while that with alum, to our surprise, were adversely affected in 3 tumor bearing mouse models. The amounts of loop peptide specific antibodies inversely correlated with tumor burden and metastasis, meanwhile both T_H1 and T_H2 isotypes were present regardless of host type and adjuvant. Tumor infiltrating myeloid cells such as eosinophil, monocyte, and neutrophil were asymmetrically distributed among 2 adjuvant groups with loop metavaccine. Systemic expression profiling using the lymph nodes of the differentially immunized MMTV-PyMT mouse revealed that adjuvant types, as well as loop metavaccine can change the immune signatures. Specifically, loop metavaccine itself induces T_H2 and T_H17 responses but reduces T_H1 and T_reg responses regardless of adjuvant type, whereas CFA but not alum increased follicular T_H response. Among the myeloid signatures, eosinophil was most distinct between CFA and alum. Survival analysis of breast cancer patients showed that eosinophil chemokines can be useful prognostic factors in PRSS14 positive patients. Based on these observations, we concluded that multiple immune parameters are to be considered when applying a vaccine strategy to cancer patients.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권sup1호
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• pp.140-143
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• 2001

We report a case of huge trigeminal schwannoma in a 10-year-old boy with neurofibromatosis type II, extending into the three spaces of the left middle, posterior, and infratemporal fossa. Initially we thought the child had a solitary trigeminal schwannoma, and most of the mass was resected successfully through one-stage operation, cranio-orbito-zygomatic intradural approach. However during the follow-up of the patient we found radiographically other multiple intracranial tumors of bilateral acoustic schwannomas, right trigeminal schwannoma, and foramen magnum tumor. Eventually the patient was diagnosed as neurofibromatosis type II presenting multiple intracranial tumors. We think childhood trigeminal schwannoma, even though in the case of solitary tumor, should be considered as possible initial manifestation of neurofibromatosis type II and that careful follow-up for the possibility of occurrence of other brain tumors such as schwannomas or meningiomas is necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.384-390
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• 2006

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary benign tumor, constituting over 60% of parotid gland tumor, 25% of sublingual gland tumor and 50% of minor salivary gland tumor. It is somewhat more frequent in the fourth to sixth decades. The recurrent rate which enforces only a simple enucleation is very high $(20{\sim}45%)$. Histologically, it contains the epithelial cell, the myo-epithelial cell and mesenchymal ingredient, which is various aspect. We analyzed clinicopathologically and immunohistochemically the patients(34 cases) who are diagnosed with pleomorphic adenoma in Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentisty, Dankook university since 1998. The results are as follow: 1. The incidence of the tumor was most frequent in age 30 to 50. The ratio of male to female was 1:1.43. 2. The most chief complain was a painless mass(94.1%) and the duration time was more than decade in 18 cases(52.9%). 3. Palate(soft & hard palate) was the most occurred site(64.7%). In major salivary glands, the parotid gland was the most frequent site(17.6%). 4. The tumor size was 2 to 3cm on the average. Most of tumors were with capsule(91.2%). 5. Surgical excision was a main treatment method(20 cases, 58.8%) and 14 cases were excised with a glandectomy, 1 case was treated with a partial maxillectomy. Only 1 case of all cases was recurred. 6. Histopathologically, 9 cases(26.5%) were cellular type, 11 cases(32.4%) were intermediate(classic) type and 14 cases(41.1%) were myxoid type. 7. Immunohistochemically, the specimen of all tumors reacted positively to cytokeratin and vimentin marker.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.262-268
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• 2009

목적: 위 유암종의 임상병리학적 특성과 치료방법 및 예후 등을 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년부터 2006년까지 본원에서 치료받았던 18명을 대상으로, 의무기록을 이용한 후향적 연구를 통해 Rindi 분류에 의해 구분하여, 기존의 보고와 임상병리학적 특성 및 치료, 생존율을 비교 분석하였다. 결과: Type I은 8명, type III가 10명이었으며 type II는 없었다. 평균발생 연령은 type I이 47.75세, type III는 57.90세였고, type I은 남자 4명, 여자 4명으로 성비가 1：1이었으나 type III는 남자 7명, 여자 3 명으로 남자에서 많았다. Type I에서도 단발성인 경우가 4예가 있었으며, 1예를 제외하고는 점막 또는 점막하층에 국한되어 있고, 림프절 전이나 원격전이는 없었다. Type III는 병변의 침습성에 관계없이 모두 국소림프절 전이 또는 원격 전이가 있었다. 진단 시 원격전이가 없었던 13명 중 5예에서 내시경적 절제술, 8예에선 수술이 시행되었으며 5년 생존율은 92.3%였다. 원격 전이가 있었던 5예는 평균 생존 기간이 22개월로 이 중 고식적 수술을 시행 받은 3예의 중위 생존 기간은 24개월이었다(95%, ${\pm}6.52$). 결론: 기존의 Rindi 분류법과 비교하여 보았을 때, 본 연구 결과 빈도에 있어서 type III가 type I보다 흔하였다. 또한 type I 유암종에 있어서 평균연령이 낮고, 단발성 종양이 절반 정도를 차지하며, 악성빈혈이 동반되지 않았던 점 등에서 서구와는 다른 특징이 관찰되었다.