• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 2015

The basic and main nutritive ingredients of two temperature (Anguilla japonica and A. rostrata) and two tropical (A. bicolor pacifica and A. marmorata) fresh water eel species that are farmed domestically were evaluated. With exception of A. rostrata, eels cultured at the same farm were used for analysis. The contents of crude protein were in the order A. marmorata (17.7%)>A. rostrata (17.5%)>A. bicolor pacifica (17.4%)>A. japonica (15.8%) and the contents of crude lipids were A. japonica (21.5%)>A. rostrata (15.4%)>A. bicolor pacifica (10.5%)>A. marmorata (8.9%). These values differed significantly even among the three species of eel farmed under identical culture conditions. In comparison, all four species of eel showed similar pattern in overall amino acid composition, although slight differences in the compositions of some amino acids were observed. The fatty acid compositions of muscle tissues were notably different among four species of eel, especially between the tropical and temperature eels. In a taste-test of the meat of the four eel species, which considered taste, flavor and texture, the overall preference was in the order A. japonica, A. marmorata, A. bicolor pacifica and A. rostrata.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 2022

The high latitude scleractinian coral Alveopora japonica Eguchi, 1965 occurs in high density in the shallow rocky subtidal in Jeju Island, forming coral carpets. Despite its ecological role providing a unique habitat for other benthic organisms, the benthic fauna associated with the A. japonica coral carpet is poorly known. To identify fauna associated with the coral carpet, we explored three sites dominated by A. japonica and one control site on northwestern Jeju Island in May 2013. Using SCUBA, we collected A. japonica and the epibenthic mega-fauna associated with the colonies in 1×1 m² and identified them to the species level. At a depth of 10 to 15 m, A. japonica colonies heavily covered the seafloor, forming a layer called a coral carpet, with a density of 94 (Keumneung-ri), 133 (Biyangdo), and 155 (Gwidok-ri) colonies/m². Thirty-four molluscan species were identified from the four sites, including 20 bivalves and 14 gastropods. The coral carpets were enriched with sessile bivalves compared to the control site, as we identified twenty bivalve and eight gastropod species from the coral carpets. Most bivalve species associated with the coral carpets had tropical-subtropical affinities, while gastropods were mainly subtropical and subtropical-low boreal species. Leiosolenus lischkei M. Huber, 2010, in the family Mytilidae and Barbatia steamsi (Pilsbry, 1895), in the family Arcidae, were the two most abundant bivalve species in the coral carpet, L. lischkei being a borer, and B. stearnsi a nestler. The tropical to subtropical Pacific star shell Astralium haematragum (Menke, 1829)was the most abundant gastropod at the study sites. The bivalves and gastropods associated with the coral carpet were small-sized juveniles or sub-adults, suggesting that the coral carpet provides a micro-habitat for the bivalves and gastropods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.218-218
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• 2022

Granules-bound starch synthase II (GBSSII), one of the isoforms of granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), is responsible for amylose synthesis by expressing in non-storage tissues such as leaf, stem, root, and pericarp. Up to date, little is known about this gene functions and basic knowledge of heritable characteristics of this gene, GBSSII. We identified functional haplotypes and performed evolutionary analyses on the GBSSII using 374 rice accessions (320 Korean bred and 54 wild) based on the classified groups. A total of 14 haplotypes were found, and almost all haplotypes (13) were functional, carrying 19 non-synonymous SNPs in two exons (exons 1 and 2). The lowest nucleotide diversity was detected in Tropical japonica (0.00145), while the highest pi-value was in Aus (0.01081), illustrating the signal of this gene evolution. The highest Tajima's D value in Aus (1.6380) indicates GBSSII gene domestication signature under balancing selection, while the lowest Tajima's D value in Temperate japonica (-0.8243) highlights that they were under positive selection, which may be purified due to the excess of rare alleles. The highest genetic differentiation was observed between Tropical japonica and aroma (F_ST = 0.921928). In contrast, the highest interbreed level was detected in Aus-admixture (F_ST = -0.20157). The genetic relatedness between and or among the wild and cultivated subpopulations was revealed through PCA, population structure, and phylogenetic analyses.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 2017

China still has more than 30,000 patients of advanced schistosomiasis while new cases being reported consistently. D-dimer is a fibrin degradation product. As ascites being the dominating symptom in advanced schistosomiasis, the present study aimed to explore a prediction model of ascites with D-dimer and other clinical easy-achievable indicators. A case-control study nested in a prospective cohort was conducted in schistosomiasis-endemic area of southern China. A total of 291 patients of advanced schistosomiasis were first investigated in 2013 and further followed in 2014. Information on clinical history, physical examination, and abdominal ultrasonography, including the symptom of ascites was repeatedly collected. Result showed 44 patients having ascites. Most of the patients' ascites were confined in the kidney area with median area of $20mm^2$. The level of plasma D-dimer and pertinent liver function indicators were measured at the initial investigation in 2013. Compared with those without ascites, cases with ascites had significantly higher levels of D-dimer ($0.71{\pm}2.44{\mu}g/L$ vs $0.48{\pm}2.12{\mu}g/L$, P=0.005), as well ALB (44.5 vs 46.2, g/L) and Type IV collagen (50.04 vs $44.50{\mu}g/L$). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated a moderate predictive value of D-dimer by its own area under curve (AUC) of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.54-0.73) and the cutoff value as $0.81{\mu}g/L$. Dichotomized by the cutoff level, D-dimer along with other categorical variables generated a prediction model with AUC of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.68-0.89). Risks of patients with specific characteristics in the prediction model were summarized. Our study suggests that the plasma D-dimer level is a reliable predictor for incident ascites in advanced schistosomiasis japonica patients.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.391-402
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• 1986

A total of 16 varieties from Korea and Indonesia were tested in Suwon, Korea (126$^{\circ}$9'E, 37$^{\circ}$16'N, 37m amsl) and Bali, Indonesia (115$^{\circ}$ 14'E, 8$^{\circ}$42' and 10m amsl). Most varieties of Indica and India/Japonica types showed adaptability to both areas. Generally Indica-type showed more number of panicles per hill than that of Indica/Japonica, while Indica/Japonica showed better performance in spike let number per panicle and 1,000 grain weight than Indica-type varieties.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.143-144
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• 1998

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.77-80
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• 1969

In the cities nowadays, the dwelling conditions of Cackroach are provided by use of various kinds of construction material, installation of heating and cooling facilities that maintain moderate temperature, filthy sanitation, and lack of knowledge about insect as mechanical Vector. Cakroach is infectious disease Vector, and it proves to be of much importance in the public health. Considering such importance, the author has surveyed the distribution of Cackroach in the housing areas of Seoul City from May 1969 to the end of August 1969, and has come to the following conclusion: 1. House dwelling Cackroach collected in the City of Seoul are of two species, i. e. Blatella Germanica Linneaus and Periplaneta Japonica Karny. 2. Most of cackroach collected in Seoul are Blatella Germanica Linneaus and they are distributed in whole area of Seoul while that of Periplaneta Japonica Karny is distributed only in the limited area. 3. Dwelling places of Blatella Germanica Lineaus are in grog shop, Korean food restaurants, bakery shops, and patient rooms in hospitals. Many of them are found in tile kitchens and dining rooms of restaurants, and tearooms. They live in groups at older houses with much crack, warm and humid places. 4. For method of collection, the hand collection was the most effective. In trap collection during the day time, when the trap is placed at the narrow corners off the ground after confirming the dwelling places of cackroach, the match trap was more effective than the flask trap in collecting. In case of collecting during the night time, the flask trap was much more effective method than the match trap.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.220-220
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• 2022

Disproportionating Enzyme 1 (DPE1) is an a-1,4-D-glucanotransferase that cleavages the a-1,4-glucosidic bonds and transfers glucosyl groups. In rice endosperm, it participates in starch synthesis by transferring maltooligosyl groups from amylose and amylopectin to amylopectin. Here, we investigated the haplotype variations and evolutionary indices (e.g., genetic diversity and population structure) for the DPE1 gene in 374 rice accessions representing seven subgroups (wild, indica, temperate japonica, tropical japonica, aus, aromatic, and admixture). Variant calling analysis of DPE1 coding regions leads to the identification of six functional haplotypes representing/occupying 8 nonsynonymous SNPs. Nucleotide diversity analysis revealed the highest pi-value in wild group (0.0556) compared to other cultivated groups, of which temperate japonica showed the most reduction of genetic diversity value (0.003). A significant positive Tajima's D value (1.6330) of admixture highlights sudden population contraction under balancing selection, while temperate japonica with the lowest Tajima's D value (-1.3523) showed a selection signature of DPE1 domestication which might be the cause of excess of rare alleles. Moreover, these two subpopulations exhibits a greater differentiation (F_ST=0.0148), indicating a higher genetic diversity. Our findings on functional DPE1 haplotypes will be useful in future breeding programs, and the evolutionary indices can also be applicable in functional studies of the DPE1 gene.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.216-216
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• 2022

The starch-branching enzymes (BEs) are responsible for synthesizing the amylopectin, which plays an important role in determining the structural and physical properties of starch granules. BE has two differently functioning isoforms (BEI and BEIIa/b) based on their difference in the chain-length pattern by the degree of polymerization (DP), which mainly contributes to the amylopectin chain length distribution in starch biosynthesis. In this study, we investigated functional haplotypes and evolutionary analyses of SBE1 in 374 rice accessions (320 Korean bred and 54 wild). The analyses were performed based on the classified subpopulations. Haplotype analysis generates a total of 8 haplotypes, of which only four haplotypes were functional carrying four functional SNPs in four different exons of SBE1 on chromosome 6. Nucleotide diversity analysis showed a highest pi-value in aromatic group (0.0029), while the lowest diversity value was in temperate japonica (0.0002), indicating the signal of this gene evolution origin. Different directional selections could be estimated by negative Tajima's D value of temperate japonica (-1.1285) and positive Tajima's D value of tropical japonica (0.9456), where the selective sweeps were undergone by both positive purifying and balancing selections. Phylogenetic analysis indicates a closer relationship of the wild with most of the cultivated subgroups indicating a common ancestor for SBE1 gene. FST-values indicate distant genetic relationships of temperate japonica from all other classified groups. PCA and population structure analysis show an admixed structure of wild and cultivated subpopulations in some proportions.

• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.16-26
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• 2003

Molecular markers are useful tools for evaluating genetic diversity and determining cultivar identity. Present study was conducted to evaluate the genetic diversity within a diverse collection of rice accessions used for Korean breeding programs. Two hundred eighty-seven rice cultivars, composed of temperate japonica, tropical japonica, indica, and Tongil-type of Korean crossing parents were evaluated by means of 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 99 alleles were detected, and the number of alleles per marker ranged from 4 to 11, with an average of 6.6 per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) for each of the SSR markers ranged from 0.2924 to 0.8102 with an average of 0.5785. These results, with the result that use of only 15 SSR markers made all rice cultivars examined could be uniquely distinguished, imply the efficiency of SSR markers for analysis of genetic diversity in rice. Cluster analysis was performed on similar coefficient matrics calculated from SSR markers to generate a dendogram in which two major groups corresponding to japonica (Group I) and indica and Tongil type rice (group II) with additional subclasses within both major groups. The narrowness of the Korean breeding germplasm was revealed by the fact that most of the Korean-bred and Japan-bred temperate japonica cultivars were concentrated into only 2 of the sub-group I-1 (143 cultivars) and I-2 (58 cultivars) among six sub-groups in major group of japonica. This is because of the japonica accessions used in this study was a very closely related ones because of frequent sharing of the crossing parents with similar genetic background with synergy effect of the inherited genetic difference between indica and japonica. A rice breeding strategy with the use of molecular markers was discussed for overcoming of genetic vulnerability owing to this genetic narrowness.