• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.1475-1481
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• 2002

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of early feed restriction on growth, fat accumulation and meat composition in unsexed broiler chickens. In experiment 1, three hundred and fifty one-day-old broiler chicks were divided into 7 groups. Each treatment group was represented by five replicates of ten broilers each. One group was fed ad libitum as the control group and the other six groups were fed 25% ad libitum (25% multiplied by amount of feed intake of ad libitum chicks at the previous day) for 4 or 6 days, 50% ad libitum for 4 or 6 days, and 75% ad libitum for 4 or 6 days. In experiment 2, five hundred broiler chicks were divided into 10 groups. Each treatment group was represented by five replicates of ten broilers each. One group was fed ad libitum as the control group. Three initial age at which broilers were restricted (2, 4 or 6 days of age) and three type of feed restriction (physical restriction, meal feeding and diet dilution) ($3{\times}3$) were examined. They were restricted feeding for 6 days. Experimental results showed that broilers fed 25% ad libitum for 4-6 days tended to reduce leg meat fat with lower abdominal fat (p<0.05) (experiment 1). Breast meat fat was significantly higher in restricted broilers (p<0.01). Plasma triglyceride was higher in broilers fed 75% ad libitum for 4-6 days. In experiment 2, abdominal fat was lower in restricted broilers (p<0.05). Breast meat fat was significantly higher (p<0.01), whereas leg meat fat was significantly lower (p<0.05) in restricted broilers. Plasma triglyceride was significantly higher in physical feed restriction for 4 days, meal feeding for 4 days and diet dilution for 6 days (p<0.05). In conclusion, to reduce fat accumulation in abdomen and leg meat, broilers should be fed 25% ad libitum for 6 days started at 4 days, or subjected to meal feeding (6 hours per day for 6 days) started at 6 days.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.223-230
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• 2009

This study is to find out the antioxidative effect and serum and liver lipid composition of wild grape juice in vivo. Forty 6-week-old white Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups such as normal lipid group, normal lipid group with wild grape juice, oxidized lipid (basic diet plus 10% of oxidative lipid) group and oxidized lipid group with wild grape juice, and 2ml juice was provided everyday. After 4 weeks of feeding with experimental diet each groups were examined for the antioxidant enzyme activity in blood and liver microsome and their serum and liver lipid composition. Glutanthione peroxidase activity in blood was significantly higher in oxidized lipid group with wild grape juice than in oxidized lipid group. Glutanthione peroxidase activity showed no difference depending on wild grape juice supplementation. Glutanthione peroxidase activity in liver was significantly higher in the groups with wild grape juice than in the groups supplemented only with oxidized lipid. Glutanthione reductase activity showed no difference depending on the supplementation of wild grape juice. Serum triglyceride level in the group supplemented with oxidized lipid diet and wild grape juice showed similar value to the normal lipid group and the normal lipid group with wild grape juiceoxidized fa6. Liver total lipid in the group supplemented with oxidized lipid and wild grape juice showed similar value to the normal lipid group and the group supplemented with normal lipid and wild grape juice. And it was lower than that of oxidative lipid group without juice. The liver triglyceride level in the group supplemented with normal lipid and wild grape juice was lower than that in the oxidative lipid group, but it was as low as in the group supplemented only with normal lipid.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.421-430
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• 2002

This study was performed to investigate the influence of dietary and extract foods from A. capilliaris Thunberg on plasma and liver lipid metabolism in male Sprague-Dawley rats. For the experiment of liver and plasma lipid metabolism, Rats were find diets containing normal concentrations of fat or high concentrations of lard and two different preparations of A. capillaris Thunberg ; control diet (group C),50 mg/kg body weight A. capillary Thunberg methanol extract (group M), 6 g/kg diet A. capillary Thunberg dried powder (group P), high lard control diet (group L), 50 mg/kg body weight A. capillaris Thunberg with high lard (group LM) and 6 g/kg diet A. capillary Thunberg with hi\ulcorner lard (group LP). Effects of A. capillary Thunberg on plasma total cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, Atherogenic index, triglyceride, plasma and liver peroxide contents, fatty acid composition of liver lipid and the distribution of fat droplets of liver. Supplementation of A. capillaris Thunberg resulted in lower plasma cholesterol, atherogenic index and triglyceride, and higher HDL-cholesterol in rats find high lard diets. However, these effects were not observed with low level of fat (groups C, M and P). A shift caused by feeding high lard diets in increased plasma and liver peroxides, saturated fatty arid composition of liver lipid and the more frequent distribution of fat droplets in liver could be reversed by feeding A. capillary Thunberg. This study suggests that A. capillary Thunberg co alter lipid metabolism in plasma and liver.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.195-200
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• 1999

The present study has been undertaken to investigate the effects of crude ginseng extract added to food on the lipid composition in serum of rats fed lard and alcohol. Thirty-five males of Sprague-Dawley strains weighed about 130 g were divided into 7 group, each group receiving a different diet for 10 weeks ; i.e. basal diet plus 15% lard, basal diet plus 5% alcohol, basal diet plus 0.5% crude ginseng extract, basal diet plus 15% lard and 0.5% crude ginseng extract. Determinations were carried out on the net weight gain, food efficiency ratio, weight of organs, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Rats given feed containing lard and alcohol showed significant decrease in net weight gain, but crude ginseng extract caused an increase in food efficiency ratio. 2. Lard supplementation group showed increase in the weight of liver, kidney, spleen, but another groups did not. 3. The contents ratio of triglyceride, total cholesterol in serum of lard-fed group showed significant increase compared to controls and but the simultaneous supplementation of crude ginseng extract and lard decreased significantly than those of lard-fed group. 4. The contents of free-cholesterol and ester cholesterol in serum of the simultaneous supplementation of crude ginseng extract group decreased as compared with the lard single fed group. 5. Crude ginseng extract single-fed groups. 6. The ratio of contents of VLDL, LDL-cholesterol in serum was significantly high in the only lard containing group and alcohol group, the crude ginseng extract supplemented group was showed lower tendency than only lard and alcohol group. The above results suggest that crude ginseng extract would prevent the metabolic disease by improving hyperlipoidemia.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.528-532
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• 1987

Lipids of kidney bean were extracted by the mixture of chloroform-methanol-water (1:2:0.8 v/v), fractionated into neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids by silicic acid column chromatography, and the composition of these lipid classes were determined by TLC and GLC. The lipid content of kidney bean was 1.9%, and the lipid was consisted of 48.3% neutral lipids. 7.5% glycolipids and 44.2% phospholipids. Triglyceride was the major component of neutral lipids (64.6%). The major glycolipid and phosphlolipid were esterified steryl glycoside (38.3%) and phosphatidyl choline (32.9%). The major fatty acids of kidney bean lipid were linolenic, linoleic, palmitic and oleic acid. Linolenic acid contents were very high to be 37.1% in total lipid and 50.5% in neutral lipid.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.255-259
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• 1983

This work was done in order to clarify the chemical characteristics, composition, fatty acid components and sterol components of the lipids from Urechis unicintus. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1. The lipid content, iodine value and unsaponifiable matter of the total lipids are 1.89, 111, and $14.3\%$, respectively. 2. The main components of the total lipids are phospholipids $39.8\%$, free sterol $27.7\%$ and triglyceride $21.4\%$, and two unidentified fractions are detected. 3. The main fatty acids of total lipids are $C_{20:4}(19.4\%),\;C_{16:0}(13.7\%),\;C_{20:1}(11.3\%)\;and\;C_{18:1}(10.4\%)$ 4. Sterols found are Cholesterol($57.6\%$), Brassicasterol(?)($20.3\%$), 24-methylenecholesterol ($17.7\%$),22-dehydrocholesterol($3.0\%$)and 22.trans-24-norcholesta-5,22-dien-$3{\beta}$-ol(?)$1.4\%$.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was aimed to develop and evaluate an obesity-management program for middle-aged obese women. Methods: Two 12 week session of the obesity-management programs constituted of weekly education and exercise such as aquarobic, pilates & yoga, and power-walking during 60 min for 3 days a week from June to December, 2006. The subjects included 47 middle-aged obese women between 30 and 60 yr. The effectiveness of the program was evaluated according to the change of body weight, body component, abdominal circumference, and serum lipid concentration. Data were measured by Inbody, tape measure, and blood test. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, and a paired t-test with an SPSS/PC. Results: There were statistically significant decreases in body weight, body mass index, body fat mass, Hemoglobin, abdominal circumference, total cholesterol level, and low density lipoprotein after the program was completed. But there were not statistically significant difference in fat free mass, muscle mass and triglyceride. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that an obesity-management program have positive effects in body composition, abdominal circumference, and lipid metabolism for middle-aged obese women.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2008

We examined the prevalence of sarcopenia and age-related changes in body composition in Korean older persons. Community dwelling 77 men and 65 women($60{\sim}88\;yr$) were recruited for this study. Fat-free mass and the percent body fat were determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Isometric grip strength was measurement using grip strength dynamometer. Serum levels of fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride were assayed. The prevalence of sarcopenia was found to increase with aging (men in their sixties 82.6%, seventies 96.6% and eighties 100%, and women in their sixties 47.4%, seventies 63%). In both gender groups, handgrip strength was inversely correlated with age and positively correlated with height, lean mass, and fat free mass. Better handgrip strength was related with higher weight in the men and with lower heart rate in the women. Fat free mass, age, and gender were found to be independent factors significantly associated with handgrip strength in the multivariate analysis. In summary, results of the present study suggest that handgrip strength is well associated with age, gender, and fat free mass and the prevalence of sarcopenia is increased with age and is exceeded by 40% among Korean persons older than 60 years.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.231-238
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate body composition, blood pressure, blood lipids, and glucose according to obesity degree by body fat percentage in female university students. Methods: A total of 231 subjects were participated between July and December 2010. The anthropometric measures and blood analyzer were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient with SPSS 18.0. Results: Percentage of body fat (PBF)-defined obesity had higher prevalence than body mass index (BMI)-defined obesity. Weight, BMI, PBF, fat mass, Waist to hip ratio (WHR), Systolic blood pressure (SBP), Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in obesity group were higher than normal group and Soft lean mass and Low density lipoprotein (LDL) in obesity group were lower than normal group. There were significant correlations between PFB, SBP, DBP, Triglyceride (TC), High density lipoprotein (HDL), and LDL. Conclusion: In conclusion, when screening for obesity in female university students, body fat should be considered. It is needed to develop obesity management program according to obesity degree and to identify the effectiveness.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2004

Objective : This study is effects of Jungwan$(CV_{12})$ and Bisu$(BL_{20})$ acupuncture on serum glucose and lipid composition were investigated in high fat diet induced diabetic rat. Results : Plasma glucose, free fatty acids and $\beta-lipoprotein$ concentration showed a high reduction in acupuncture groups compared to those of control group and in the acupuncture groups, Jungwan$(CV_{12})$ acupuncture groups showed a low values than Bisu$(BL_{20})$ acupuncture group. Plasma triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol concentration showed a tendency to decrease in the acupuncture groups, however these values showed no significantly different among acupuncture groups. Total cholesterol concentration showed a high reduction in acupuncture groups and in acupuncture groups, Jungwan$(CV_{12})$ acupuncture groups showed a lower values than Bisu$(BL_{20})$ acupuncture group. HDL-cholesterol concentration showed a higher values in all acupuncture groups than control group, however these values no significantly different in all acupuncture groups.