• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.165-176
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• 2006

Objectives : Aim of this study was to investigate the antihypertensive effect of Korean Hwa-Acupuncture in hypertensive patients. Methods: We measured the blood pressure of 14 patients who were admitted in the Oriental Medical Clinic of Balance & Harmony Korean Acupuncture Association from 25th March 2006 to 21th July 2006. Eligible participants had systolic blood pressure ${\geq}120mmHg$ diastolic blood $pressure{\geq}80mmHg$. Blood pressure and pulse rate measurements were after the patient had been bed rest for at least 30 min. 10 times of Hwa-Acupuncture treatment over 3 weeks period were performed in the patiants. To evaluate the effect of the Hwa-Acupuncture, the blood pressure, pulse rate were measured 2 times before and after each acupuncture treatment for total of 10 times. Results : After 3 weeks, there were significant decreased in the systolic blood pressure(P<0.0297) and significant decreased in diastolic blood pressure(P<0.0223) treated by Hwa-Acupuncture 10 times but pulse rate was failed to decreased. The effects of Hwa-Acupuncture by measuring time on blood pressure were as follows : systolic blood pressure were deceased significantly from 1st to 10th visit (P<0.0207) but diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate was not decreased significantly. Conclusion : The results suggest that Hwa-Acupuncture is effective in decreasing the systolic blood pressure.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.93-106
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• 2003

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the treatment status and its related factors of the rural hypertensives. Methods: A questionnaire survey was performed to 618 rural hypertensives during September, 2002. Results: The proportion of those who were compliant to the antihypertensive medication was 68.9%. The compliance rate to the antihypertensive medication was significantly related with sex and economic status(p<0.05). That is, if they were female, higher economic level, the regular antihypertensive medication rate was higher. The regular antihypertensive medication rate was higher when they had higher knowledge for hypertension, higher severity for hypertension of him or her(p<0.01). And the compliance rate to the antihypertensive medication was significantly related with hypertensives' own explanatory model for hypertension(p<0.01). The rate of drug use except antihypertensives was 12.5%. The rate of drug use except antihypertensives was higher when they experienced side effects of antihypertensive drug and when they had irregular medication for antihypertensive drug(p<0.01). The rate of medical equipment use was 18.9%. The utilization rate of medical equipment such as jade mat, germanium material was significantly related with age, experience of side effects of antihypertensive drug, medication status for antihypertensive drug(p<0.05). The rate of folk therapy use was 16.2%. The rate of folk therapy use was higher when they had no family, when they had knowledge about hypertension on the average, when they had hypertension over 10 years(p<0.05), and when they experienced side effects of antihypertensive drug and when they had irregular medication for antihypertensive drug(p<0.01). The rates of drug use except antihypertensives, medical equipment use, and folk therapy were significantly related with hypertensives' own explanatory model for hypertension(p<0.05). Conclusions: On consideration of above findings, it would be essential to provide knowledge about hypertension and its treatment, and severity of hypertension complications through health education.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.430-438
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• 2010

This study was done to investigate the effect of SHCG on hypertension in spontaneous hypertensive rats. SHR was sensitized and challenged with Sihogayonggolmoryeotanghabcheongsimyeonjaemgagambang (SHCG) for 4 weeks. The 3 groups have 6 rats, respectively. Experimental group was treated with 56.7 mg/kg of SHCG orally and control group was treated with 56.7 mg/kg of normal saline instead. SHCG significantly showed safety against cytotoxicity on hFCs and toxicity in the liver. SHCG significantly decreased the blood pressure and the heart rate. SHCG significantly decreased the levels of aldosterone. SHCG significantly decreased the levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. SHCG significantly decreased the levels of potassium and chloride. SHCG significantly decreased the levels of uric acid and creatinine. These results suggest that SHCG might be hopeful in treatment of hypertension.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-49
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• 2000

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence rate of hypertension, the changes of health behavior, and compliance for the drug treatment after diagnosed as hypertension. Methods: 7,030 persons who live in Cheonan City of Chungnam Province were selected by the cluster sampling method, and 5,372 persons were surveyed by questionnaire and health examination. This data is analyzed by Chi-square test on each variable. Results: 49.8%- of men and 38.8%- of women had been diagnosed as hypertension, and the prevalence rate of hypertension was significantly increased with aging in both gender. The prevalence rate tended to decrease in highly educated women group. Unemployed persons or obese persons showed relatively higher prevalence rate. The prevalence rate of hypertension increased in groups with higher total cholesterol levels over 240 mg/dl, and groups with glucose level over 200 mg/dl. 53.1%- of male patients and 66.6%- of female patients showed compliance for antihypertensive treatment. Compliance for treatment was higher in aged group or lower educated group in both gender. Among men, proportion of compliant subjects was higher in unemployed group(49.3%-), and lower in labor or primary industry than the others but among women, there was not any significant difference. And men with compliance for treatment had higher monthly income than the others, but women did not show any. Conclusion : This population had a high prevalence rate of hypertension which may lead to cardiovascular disease. Therefore health education programs and distribution of information must be emphasized in order to increase compliance to treatment and encourage the change of health behavior to promote health.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.10
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• pp.1061-1068
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• 2009

The treatment of pediatric patients with chronic renal disease comprises management of nutritional imbalance, fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base disturbances, mineral bone disease, anemia, hypertension, and growth retardation. The treatment also includes administration of appropriate renal replacement therapy, if required. Adequate dietary intake of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and caloric intake must be encouraged in such patients to ensure proper growth and development. In addition, fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base status must be regularly monitored and should be well maintained. Serum calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone levels must be maintained at their target range, which are determined on the basis of the glomerular filtration rate, to avoid the development of mineral bone disease. This can be achieved by using phosphorus binders and vitamin D analogues. An erythropoiesis-stimulating agent must be administered along with iron supplementation to maintain the hemoglobin level of the patients between 11-12 g/dL. Hypertension must be controlled with adequate water and sodium balance and appropriate antihypertensive agents. Administration of recombinant human growth hormone is recommended to improve the final adult heights.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.625-636
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• 2017

Dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes are well-established risk factors for cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Although the prevalence of dyslipidemia among Korean adults is very high, its management is known to be poor. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of dyslipidemia among adults aged 30 years and older in Gangwon-do, Korea. Analysis included 58,121 adults (29,123 males and 28,998 females) participating in the 2013-2014 Korea National Health Screening Program (KNHSP). Dyslipidemia was defined according to the treatment criteria rather than the diagnostic criteria in Korea. Therefore, high-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)-cholesterolemia was deemed present in individuals with LDL-cholesterol levels that exceeded the appropriate risk-based threshold. The age-standardized prevalence was highest in dyslipidemia (32.5%), followed by hypertension (25.1%), and diabetes (9.4%). The awareness rate was 76.7% for hypertension and 74.7% for diabetes, but only 10.6% for dyslipidemia. The lowest patient treatment was found for dyslipidemia (9.4%). The control rate among those undergoing treatment was highest for hypertension (75.8), followed by dyslipidemia (63.3%), and diabetes (43.9%). The higher CVD-risk categories showed lower control rates of hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was higher than hypertension and diabetes, but awareness and treatment rates were lower. Our findings indicate there is a wide gap between the prevalence of dyslipidemia and subsequent treatment, which suggests that effective strategies are required to improve dyslipidemia management. It would be worthwhile to strengthen the follow-up management of patients with dyslipidemia in the KNHSP, especially for the high risk group of CVD.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.902-916
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to review the clinical research on antihypertensive effects of Korean herbal medicines that function by inducing diuresis. Methods: Literature searches were performed using PubMed, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang, Cinii, Oasis, KISS, NDSL, RISS, DBPia, with the keywords "利水", "利尿", "高血壓", "hypertension", and "lishui." The search range included only randomized controlled trials that verified the effects of Korean herbal medicine interventions on hypertension. The selected studies were assessed by risk of bias (RoB). Results: 26 reports were selected from a total of 532 identified. For these reports, meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.3. From this analysis, it was observed that the combined treatment of Korean medicine and antihypertensive drugs had a significantly higher total effective rate (TER) and improvement in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) than did the use of a single antihypertensive drug. The risk ratio of TER for lowering blood pressure was 1.25. The mean differences of SBP, DBP were -19.63 mm Hg (95% confidential interval (CI), -22.45 mm Hg, -16.80 mm Hg, p<0.00001), and -5.39 mm Hg (95% CI, -7.36 mm Hg, -3.42 mm Hg, p<0.00001) respectively. The use of Korean medicine only did not improve blood pressure, as compared to the use of an antihypertensive drug. Most of items of RoB were unclear, and the methodological quality was low. Conclusions: The combination of antihypertensive drugs and Korean medical treatment can effectively improve SBP, DBP, and TER. This finding could be widely utilized in clinical practice in Korean medicine.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.2595-2598
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• 2013

Background: Prostate cancer is common in elderly men, especially in western countries, and incidences are rising in low-risk populations as well. In India, the age-standardized rates vary between registries. Under these circumstances we have estimated the survival of prostate cancer patients based on age, family history, diabetes, hypertension, tobacco habit, clinical extent of disease (risk group) and treatment received. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study was carried out at the Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Mumbai, India. During years 1999-2002, some 850 prostate cancer cases, including 371 new cases, treated in TMH were considered as eligible entrants for the study. Five-year survival rates using actuarial and loss-adjusted (LAR) method were estimated. Results: The patient population was distributed uniformly over the three age groups. A larger proportion of the patients were diagnosed at 'metastatic stage' and hormone treatment was most common. 20% patients had history of diabetes and 40% with hypertension. The 5-year overall survival rate was 64%. Survival was 55%, 74% and 52% for '<59 years','60-69 years' and '>70 years' respectively. Non-diabetic (70%), hypertensive (74%), with family history (80%) of cancer, with localized-disease (91%) and treated with surgery, either alone or in combination, (91%) had better survival. Conclusions: The present study showed that prostate cancer patients with localized disease at diagnosis experience a better outcome. Local treatment with either surgery or radiation achieves a reasonable outcome in prostate cancer patients. A detailed study will help in understanding the prognostic indicators for survival especially with the newer treatment technologies available now.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.27-41
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• 2007

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the antihypertensive effect of Korean Gogoon Acupuncture in hypertensive patients. Methods : We measured the blood pressure of 17 patients who were admitted in the Oriental Medical Clinic of Gogoon Institute from 14th April 2006 to 29th August 2006. Eligible participants had systolic blood pressure ${\geq}120$ mmHg or diastolic blood $pressure{\geq}80$ mmHg. Blood pressure and pulse rate measurements were after the patient had been in bed rest for at least 30 min. Six sessions of Gogoon Acupuncture treatment over three weeks were performed in the patients. Blood pressure and pulse rate were measured twice before and after each acupuncture treatment. Results : After 3 weeks, there were significant decreases in systolic blood pressure(p=0.0028), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.0111) and pulse rate (p=0.0150). The effects of Gogoon Acupuncture by measuring time on blood pressure were as follows : In a systolic blood pressure (p<.0001) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.0028) was gradually deceased significantly from 1st to 6th but pulse rate was not significantly decreased. Conclusions : Controlled trials investigating the efficacy of Gogoon acupuncture for lowering blood pressure are warranted.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.23-42
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to show that, before registration of chronic degenerative diseases and enforcing management system in health centers, the management of hypertension could achieved comprehensively and continuously by knowing the realities of drug-taking and its related factors those who are being cared for in health centers. For one year, a questionnaire about drug-taking realities of hypertensive patient was distributed at 8 health centers in Taegu from March 24. 1997 to April 24. 1997. The questionnaires were then collected and analysed. The results are as follows: Of 691 patients, 77.4% of patient were taking medicine regularly every day. The reasons why patients weren't taking medicine every day was as follows: the blood pressure became normal(34%, the highest of the group), patients forgot(28.2%), it was difficult to buy the medicine(15.4%), there was no effect even though the patient took medicine continuously. The experience of medical treatment outside of health centers was 28.9%. The types and percentages of alternative medicine are herbs (50.5%), health food(24.5%), folk remedy(13.7%). Among them, 44.6% of patients didn't know if the medicine was effective. Medical treatment places excluding health centers was pharmacies(63.5%-the highest rate). In simple analysis, the older one was the more regularly one took the medicine, but there was no statistical relations. Of health activities, patients eating low-salt diet showed that they took the medicine regularly. Nonsmoking patients and those who experienced drug side-effect and those who doubted doctor's prescriptions and instructions showed that they took alternative, excluding modem medicine. Anti-hypertensive drug medication status according to recognition, attitude, experiences of hypertension showed that patients who thought that they should take anti-hypertensive drug during the whole life time took the medicine regularly(82.3%). The reasons for patients turning to alternatives varied. In case of having subjective symptom(34.1%), those who thought they knew the hypertension well(36.6%), they decided to use alternatives. In multiple logistic regression analysis the key statistics were as follows: The older patients, patients who ate low-salt diet, patients who thought that they should take anti-hypertensive drug during the whole life time, all showed that they took medicines regularly. And also patients who experienced drug side-effect, doubted prescriptions and instructions, and patients who had subjective symptoms, patients who thought that he knew the hypertension very well, all showed higher rate of using alternative medicine. In the future, at the health centers, to register and manage hypertension patients effectively, we must educate patients about regular drug-taking, and alternatives without doctor's prescriptions.