• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2018

FRP(Fiber Reinforced Plastic) ships are easy to manufacture and repair. Also they are more durable and cheaper than steel wires and neck lines. Therefore FRP ships are widely used in small ships. In Korea, the amount of waste FRP ships is increasing. It is expected that a large amount of waste FRP ships will be generated. Waste FRP ships are emerging as a social problem, such as the difficulty in preserving the marine environment. To improve this, a waste FRP ship melting process system has been developed. In order to construct an effective waste FRP ship processing system, it is necessary to study the treatment facilities location problem. In this paper, we suggest mathematical model to solve optimal location problem of waste FRP Ships and discuss on results by applying it to nine regions selected as candidates for treatment facilities.

• Gut and Liver
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.615-622
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• 2018

Despite the well-proven, safe and effective therapies for hepatitis B infection, delivery of treatment remains a significant challenge in resource-poor settings. Geopolitical and economic restrictions present additional difficulties in providing care in North Korea. However, treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B remains a top priority for both the North Korean Ministry of Public Health and international agencies working in North Korean hepatitis healthcare facilities. Working in partnership, a path was created to institute this much-needed program. A consortium of United States and Australian humanitarian non-governmental organizations along with generous individual and corporate donors working in concert with local and national health authorities have succeeded in establishing the first hepatitis B treatment program in North Korea. The essential elements of this program include renovation of existing hepatitis hospitals, access to antiviral medications, establishment of laboratory facilities, creation of medical documentation and record-keeping, training of local health care professionals, and quarterly visits by international volunteer physicians and laboratory experts. Management and treatment decisions are made bilaterally. To date, nearly 1,500 patients have been evaluated, and over 800 have been started on long-term antiviral therapy. It is envisioned that this program will eventually be managed and funded by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea Ministry of Public Health. This program's success demonstrates a potential model for delivery of antiviral therapy for patients suffering from hepatitis B in other developing countries.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.211-219
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• 2019

Since improper management practices of solid medical waste (SMW) could potentially result in serious health risks and environmental problems, it is very important to properly treat and dispose of the medical wastes. In this study, current practices of SMW management from storage to final disposal stage in 12 health care facilities (HCFs) of Burundi were investigated using the official government reports. The results showed that 75% and 92% of HCFs used uncovered wheelbarrows and trucks for on-site or off-site SMW transportation, respectively, indicating that most transportation equipment and waste workers are not safely protected. The results also showed that 92.8% of SMW (15,736.4 ton) from all 12 HCFs were inappropriately disposed of through uncontrolled land disposal and incineration. If pharmaceutical wastes and discarded medical plastics (29.5% of SMW) can be separated and treated properly, the treatment costs can be reduced and resource savings can be achieved. Raising awareness of healthcare workers and general public about potential health effects arising from improper SMW management, sufficient financial and human resources for the treatment facilities (especially incinerators), and effective regulations and guidelines for transportation and treatment of SWM are some of the major tasks for safe and sustainable medical waste management in Burundi.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2022

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are designed and built to remove contaminants from wastewater. WWTPs are composed of various facilities equipped with hydro-mechanical and electrical equipment. This paper presents a comparison of two different approaches for WWTPs modelling. Static modelling is suitable for determining the dimensions of facilities and equipment capacity. The special significance of this approach is for the design of new plants, i.e., when a very small number of input data on the quantities and composition of the influent wastewater is available. Dynamic modelling is expensive, time consuming and requires great expertise in the use of simulators, models and very good understanding of the treatment processes. Also, dynamic modelling is very important to use for optimization, consideration of future scenarios and also possible scenarios on the plant. The comparison of two approaches was made on the input data from the biggest and most important plant in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H)-WWTP Butila (Sarajevo). The main idea is to show the differences between two demanding accesses. It is important to know how to apply an adequate approach to research and solve the set task. The II phase of the plant Butila, which includes the removal of nutrients, is planned in several years and therefore the importance of research has increased.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.293-304
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the experience of medical treatment and management of nursing staffs in long term care settings. Methods: This study is qualitative research. The participants were seven nursing staff (five nurses and two nursing assistants) who had experience over six months in long term care facilities. Data were collected through in-depth interviews using semi-structured research questions. The collected data were analysed using qualitative thematic analysis method. Results: Four main themes were emerged as 'various medical treatments', 'difficulties about managing medical problems', 'lack of regulatory support' and 'strategies for solving medical problems'. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide the nursing staffs' difficulties and opinion about medical treatment and management in long term care settings. To provide more effective health service for the aged, the regulatory complement about medical treatment in long term care facilities should be considered.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.109-120
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• 2000

In the analysis of the common categories, moisture contents and organic concentrations were not much different according to the types of industry or treatment facilities. When heavy metals contribution of the sludge from domestic and industrial wastewater treatment facilities was analyzed, As, Hg and Cr concentrations were relatively high among 42 standards of the fertilizer law. As concentration war higher in 28 of 42 facilities (67%) than limits of the fertilizer law. Hg concentration was not acceptable in the 21 of 42 facilities (50%). Cr concentration was not acceptable in 9 of 42 facilities (21%). From these results, It is found that As is the most frequently detectable component and contaminant than any other heavy metals in sludges. The data from this experiment was also compared with the guidelines of harmful organics and the rest of heavy metals that are regulated by some of the foreign countries. Be, Se and Mo concentrations were lower than the limits. Among the organics, the average concentration of PCB (10 samples) was 26.2 ppb. The highest concentration was 162.6 ppb in the sludge of the municipal wastewater treatment facilities and the lowest concentration was 2.14 ppb from the skin manufacturing industry. From the leaching analysis of re-manufacturing goods from the sludge, most of them was acceptable on the regulation law but Cr concentration was over the limit.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.488-493
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• 2020

In this study, we sought to establish a vessel-discharge pollutant-treatment system recommended by IMO by first investigating advanced facilities overseas to help us understand and evaluate our domestic facility and needs. IMO recommends the installation and operation of port pollutant-storage facilities to adequately treat pollutants emitted by ships entering the port, and we reviewed the registration and operation of these facilities in IMO member countries, focusing on the IIII Code. Due to recent environmental regulations, additional facilities are required to treat the washing water discharged from equipment such as scrubbers mounted on the ship so pollutant-storage facilities must be established. Currently, Korea's ship-discharged wastes are being moved from ports to land waste-treatment plants, and their quantity and properties are not being monitored. Therefore, in this study, we improved monitoring of the discharged pollutants and investigated the proper arrangement of pollutant storage facilities as recommended by IMO. The system we established can help provide smooth service to incoming ships - and appropriate treatment of pollutants and will greatly benefit international maritime operations.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.5 no.1 s.9
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• pp.103-118
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• 1997

In recent years, there have been emerging the establishment and extension of sewage treatment facilities in many cities due to population growth and high standard for sewage treatment. The objective of this study is to develop and implement a Data Management Library which could deal with enormous amount of graphic and attribute data effectively and afficiently. Based on the Data Management Library developed, the Sewage Treatment Management System(STMS) was Implemented and investigated in preparation for the extension of sewage treatment facilities. Cheongju city enviromental station was selected as a test site. We first analyzed current work flow in sewage treatment and then performed database design suitable for managing sewage treatment in effective fashion. The STMS consists mainly of two parts : one is for manipulating the graphic and attribute data and the other for application of sewage treatment related works. Conclusively, the STMS developed in this study could be utilized as a comer stone for an effective maintenance and management of sewage treatment.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.53-64
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• 2008

This study is the architectural planning of 5 distribution supporting facilities for traditional herbal medicine cultivated in the rural areas. The main function of the facility consists of storage, pre-treatment/processing, loading/unloading and the assistant function consists of inspection, office, exhibition/sale, technical equipment etc. The planning shows the modular plan and the section plan of the storage space reflecting the shape and size of storage container, the action radius of carrier and the possibilities of space lease. The total floor area of the storage is 3,192$m^2$ consisting of 27 space. The total floor area of the pre-treatment/processing is 1,488$m^2$ consisting of 7 space. The total floor area of the loading/unloading is 329$m^2$ consisting of 4 space. The total floor area of each facility storage is 8,284$m^2$ including of public space 2,170$m^2$. Also this planning shows the preliminary design, "fundamental model design" for 5 rural government BTL project. Therefore, this result of planning will be the guidelines of the RFP(Request For Proposal) for the private sector company interested in this BTL project.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.2 s.115
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• pp.113-127
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• 2006

As the local self-government are stabilized and the environmental value is becoming more important among local residents, the occurrence of the anti-movements against waste treatment facilities is getting more frequent. Opposing to build the reuse facilities of wastes takes place because of concerning of health and hygiene, as well as matters of unclear policy making process. However, these facilities must be built in somewhere for the convenience and profit of the public. The NIMBY phenomenon against reuse facilities of wastes could be a burden for the city operation system, and it could worsen citizens' quality of life in the long run. In these lights, reuse and recycling facilities of wastes in East region are necessary facilities improving citizens' quality of life and enhancing the growth of cities in the region. However, there have been concerning of deforestation during the construction process of the facilities. The landscape design presented here for these facilities considers the features of the environmental ecosystem and tries to establish a plan to preserve the natural environment of the City of Ichon. This paper presents methods minimizing adverse effects of the facilities on the existing environments and promoting the city image with integrating culture, tourism, landscape and environment of the city. The landscape design makes efforts to harmonize natural environments in the site, human activities and culture. Well-being park was aimed to lead healthy and energetic outdoor activities of local residents. Ecological park was aimed to enhance the ecological functions of the forests and restore the valley ecology. Culture park was aimed to capture the city identity by creating a place that contains all the variety of meanings of the City of Ichon.