• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.617-620
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• 2003

This paper presents the confinement effect of transverse reinforcement and cross-tie in hollow rectangular sectional columns. 20 analytical models with different amounts of transverse reinforcement and cross-tie in a plastic hinge region were analyzed by 3D nonlinear FEM. The analytical results show that the higher ductility can be achieved by the resonable combination of transverse re-bar and cross-tie providing sufficient lateral confinement.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.445-454
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• 2012

On a closed, connected Riemannian manifold with a K$\ddot{a}$ahler foliation $\mathcal{F}$ of codimension $q$, any transverse Killing $r$-form ($2{\leq}r{\leq}q$) is parallel.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 1993

Autopolymerising and visible light cured resin are used to reline dentures. But relined surface are easily contaminated by water or saliva in the mouth during clinical procedure. This study was to find out the effect of surface contamination on the transverse strength of the relined denture base. To accomplish this, the specimens of $65\times10\times3mm$ were made with heat-cured(Lucitone 199), visible light-cured(Triad), and autopolymerizing resin(Kooliner). Measurements of transverse strength were taken for each specimen. Specimens made of heat-cured resins, sizing $65\times10\times1.5mm$, were relined with heat-cured, light-cured, and autopolymerizing resin, respectively. Specimens relined with autopolymerizing and light-cured resins were further classified into not-contaminated, water-contaminated and saliva-contaminated groups. Again, measurements of the transverse strength were taken for each group. The results were as follows 1. The transverse strength of heat-cured resin was superior to all the other resins. 2. The transverse strength of each specimen decreased after relining in the following order, heat-cured, visible light-cured, and autopolymerizing resin. 3. Surface contamination produced an decrease in transverse strength, especially in the saliva contaminated group. According to these results, water or saliva contamination should be avoided during intraoral relining procedures.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.283-288
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the transverse cervical artery of those who received preoperative radiotherapy or radical neck dissection and those who are unable to utilize the branch of external carotid artery system, which are most commonly used as recipient artery in head and neck reconstruction. Methods: 10 patients were selected as head and neck cancer candidates for study. 8 patients received radical neck dissection or modified radical neck dissection and 3 patients underwent preoperative radiotheraphy. In call cases, reconstruction using free flap was performed with transverse cervical artery as recipient artery and posterolateral cervical vein or transverse cervical vein as recipient vein. Results: Partial necrosis of flap due to wound infection was noted in one case and successful microsurgery was achieved in all other cases. The average pedicle length was 9.3 cm and all arteries underwent end to-end anastomosis. In 7 patients, posterolateral cervical vein was used as recipient artery and transverse cervical vein was utilized in 3 patients. Conclusion: In cases where recipient artery from external carotid system cannot be utilized due to preoperative radiotherapy or radical neck dissection, the transverse cervical artery can be an alternative option of choice. Due to diverse variations of transverse cervical vein as a recipient vein, the posterolateral cervical vein may be considered in such cases.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.5-9
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• 2003

The fused thoracic vertebra and deformity of the lumbar vertebrae in the female Thoroughbred horse were observed macroscopically. The 11th and 12th thoracic vertebrae (T) were partially fused. They were composed of three parts between the spinous process of the 11th and 12th T, left and right caudal articular processes of the 11th T, and left and right cranial articular processes of the 12th T. The vertical surface of cranial articular process of the 11th T and left mamillary process of the 12th T were absent. The left caudal part of the transverse process of the 12th T and left costal fovea of the transverse process of the 12th T were severely deformed. On the other hand, the left transverse process of the first lumbar vertebra (L) was a typical rib-like transverse process and two times longer than the right transverse process of the 2nd L. The right transverse process of 4th L has an oval concave facet on the medial part of caudal border for articulation with the right transverse process of 5th L; the latter has a corresponding convex facet on the medial part of the cranial border in the right transverse process of the 5th L.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1395-1404
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• 1994

Transverse bed slope in bend is a subject of scientific investigation since it provides the necessary information for channel design and protection of hydraulic structures (bank, bridge, etc), and study of river morphology. In this paper, selected models were examined and compared for the value of prediction of the transverse bed slope in curved alluvial channels(project area), by using field data, and fitting model was proposed. All models that related the local transverse bed slope to mean flow characteristics were alike in the sense that they predicted the local transverse bed slope to be proportional to the ratio between depth and radius of curvature. The difference among the models was related with the factor of proportionality, K. Also, measured transverse bed slope was correlated to mean velocity, maximum depth, and density Froude number in channel bend. In this paper selected models were compared for the prediction of the transverse bed slope using Odgaard's experiment (obtained in Sacramento River bend), so Odgaard89 model was closely related with real transverse bed slope.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.11-19
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• 2014

This paper describes interference effect analysis of transverse member based on large-scale pullout test results of steel strip reinforcement with '${\sqcap}$' type transverse member. The maximum passive resistance has a difference according to the installed location of transverse member, and the total pullout resistance is increased, when transverse member was closed to the wall facing. The degree of interference confirmed that the install location of transverse member cannot reflect the pullout force differential, if S/B is equal. However, The interference factor based on maximum passive resistance reflected the differential of maximum passive resistance and install location of transverse member.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.23-28
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• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of transverse abdominal muscle contraction on pulmonary function in supine position. Methods : 10 female and 10 male college students were recruited this study. Pulmonary Function test was measured with QUARK SPIRO. To check the changes in lung function with transverse abdominal muscle contraction, we tested pulmonary function in the supine, with and without transverse abdominal muscle contraction. While the transverse abdominis was activating, we investigate in the change of forced expiration. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics VER.12.0 for window version p-values less than 0.05 were used to identify significant differences. Statistical analysis was used Paired t-test to know difference between activated and non-activated TrA of forced expiration. Results : The subject with transverse abdominal muscle contraction showed significant increments in variable of FVC, FEV1, PEF compared to the pre-intervention results (p<0.01). Conclusion : These results indicate that spontaneous contraction of the TrA helps pulmonary function. And the selective contraction of the transverse abdominis at the end of forced inspiration makes increases in the lung capacity.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.331-342
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• 2016

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the diagnostic tools available for assessing maxillary transverse deficiencies. Methods: An electronic search of three databases was performed from their date of establishment to April 2015, with manual searching of reference lists of relevant articles. Articles were considered for inclusion if they reported the accuracy or reliability of a diagnostic method or evaluation technique for maxillary transverse dimensions in mixed or permanent dentitions. Risk of bias was assessed in the included articles, using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool-2. Results: Nine articles were selected. The studies were heterogeneous, with moderate to low methodological quality, and all had a high risk of bias. Four suggested that the use of arch width prediction indices with dental cast measurements is unreliable for use in diagnosis. Frontal cephalograms derived from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were reportedly more reliable for assessing intermaxillary transverse discrepancies than posteroanterior cephalograms. Two studies proposed new three-dimensional transverse analyses with CBCT images that were reportedly reliable, but have not been validated for clinical sensitivity or specificity. No studies reported sensitivity, specificity, positive or negative predictive values or likelihood ratios, or ROC curves of the methods for the diagnosis of transverse deficiencies. Conclusions: Current evidence does not enable solid conclusions to be drawn, owing to a lack of reliable high quality diagnostic studies evaluating maxillary transverse deficiencies. CBCT images are reportedly more reliable for diagnosis, but further validation is required to confirm CBCT's accuracy and diagnostic superiority.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 2013

A method to determine the transverse magnification (TM) of an imaging system is discussed. This method is different in that TM can be determined accurately by using distortion analysis. We demonstrate the validity of the method via numerical simulation with accompanying experimental data for a thick bi-convex lens.