• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.196.1-196.1
• /
• 2016

TCO(Transparent Conducting Oxide) on flat glass is used in thin-film photovoltaic cell, flat-panel display. Nowadays, Corning(R) Willow Glass(R), known as flexible substrate, has attracted much attention due to its many advantages such as reliable roll-to-roll glass processing, high-quality flexible electronic devices, high temperature process. Also, it can be an alternative to flexible polymer substrates which have their poor stability and degradation of electrical and optical qualities. For application on willow glass, the flexibility, electrical, optical properties can be greatly influenced by the TCO thin film thickness due to the inherent characterization of thin film in nanoscale. It can be expected that while thick TCO layer causes poor transparency, its sheet resistance become low. Also, rarely reports were focusing on the influence of flexible properties by varying TCO thickness on flexible glass. Therefore, it is very important to optimize TCO thickness on flexible Willow glass. In this study, Ti-ZnO thin films, with different thickness varied from 0 nm to 50 nm, were deposited on the flexible willow glass by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The flexible, electrical and optical properties were investigated, respectively. Also, these properties of Ti-doped ZnO thin films were compared with un-doped ZnO thin film. Based on the results, when Ti-ZnO thin films thickness increased, resistivity decreased and then saturated; transmittance decreased. The Figure of Merit (FoM) and flexibility was the highest when Ti-ZnO thickness was 40nm. The flexible, electrical and optical properties of Ti-ZnO thin films were better than ZnO thin film at the same thickness.

• 정보관리학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.139-158
• /
• 2006

대학조직에서의 대학도서관은 정보화경영을 통한 경영혁신의 필요성이 높아졌다. 본 연구에서는 대학도서관에 대한 "정보화경영체제"(IMS information management system)의 인식도를 조사하였다. 즉, 여기서는 정보화경영체제에 대한 2년제와 4년제 대학간의 인식의 차이를 조사하였다. 연구를 위한 설문조사 표본은 모두 67개 였으며, 대부분의 응답자들은 정보화경영체제 도입을 위한 인식에서 중요하게 생각하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 일원배치 분산분석(ANOVA)의 결과, 정보화경영시스템의 도입시기와 필요성에 대하여는 F=0.469(p=0.497), sig=0.05. and F=2.410(p=0.125), sig=0.05으로 비유의적으로 나타났다. 그러나 교육의 필요성에서는 F=7.470(p=0.008), sig=0.01으로 유의적으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 향후 정보화경영체계의 도입을 위한 대학도서관의 정책수립과 관련하여 표준화되고 일관성있는 기초자료를 제공하였다. 아울러 대학도서관에서 정보화경영체제의 도입을 위해 고려해야 할 사항 등을 제시함으로써 도서관경영관리의 새로운 방향을 모색하였다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.61-78
• /
• 2016

This study through the literature research to understand the most representative art trend - the definition and evolution of the Cubism in the early 20th century, and through the analysis on the representative painter's works, such as works of Pablo Ruiz Picasso and Georges Braque, This article raises the unique characteristics of the Cubist painting, such as geometry modeling, simultaneity, transparency, collage, deconstruction and reconstruction, etc. On the basis of theoretical research in this study, in order to meet the novelty and originality of clothing design requirements in the field, this research uses the modeling characteristics of the Cubist painting, designs and makes five sets of works in costume designing. Research findings are as follows, 1) According to the geometry modeling, split garment surface into triangle or irregular polygon shaped. 2) Show front and side images of the characters in the same garment surface. 3) Overlapping the images of the characters in the same garment surface. 4) Make use of composite materials to express the characters. 5) Disassemble the characters recombine them in an abstract painting way. These works mainly completed by adopting some techniques like Patchwork and Figurative painting. The colors consist of red, yellow and blue caused "Three primary colors series" to achieve the goal of expanding visual effect. Additionally, for the sake of the formal beauty-deformation distortion, symmetric and asymmetric, for instance the structure of the costume adopts formal beauty technique.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건설관리학회 2008년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.501-504
• /
• 2008

최근 다수의 기업들은 경영환경변화에 적응하기 위한 해결책으로 BPM(Business Process Management) 을 도입하여 기업 내 외부 프로세스의 표준화, 최적화를 이룬다. BPM은 시장의 변화에 신속한 대응과 프로세스의 투명성 확보, 지속적인 개선기회 등 다양한 가치로 타 경영기법에 비해 부각되고 있으며 건설부문에서도 그 필요성이 부각되고 있다. 따라서 이번 연구는 건설부문의 업무 프로세스 기반의 효과적인 경영체계 구축을 위한 노력으로 BPM도입 현황을 산업부문별로 특징과 도입효과 및 개선점 등을 비교하여, 5가지 지원영역을 도출하고 3척도방식을 이용한 가산점부여 방식으로 부문별 지원영역을 비교 분석하였다. 이는 BPM도입이 부진한 건설부문에 반영하기 위한 단계로 각 산업부문의 BPM도입 특징과 미흡한 점을 분석하여 건설기업의 효과적인 BPM도입과 발전을 기대한다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.688-688
• /
• 2013

Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films have attracted a lot of attention as a cheap transparent conducting oxide (TCO) material that can replace the expensive Sn-doped In2O3. In particular, AZO thin films are widely used as a window layer of chalcogenide-based thin film solar cells such as Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS). Mostly important requirements for the window layer material of the thin film solar cells are the high transparency and the low sheet resistance, because they influence the light absorption by the activelayer and the electron collection from the active layer, respectively. In this study, we prepared the AZO thin films by RF magnetron sputtering using a ZnO/Al2O3 (98：2wt%) ceramic target, and the effect of the sputtering condition such as the working pressure, RF power, and the working distance on the optical, electrical, and crystallographic properties of the AZO thin films was investigated. The AZO thin films with optimized properties were used as a window layer of CZTS thin film solar cells. The CZTS active layers were prepared by the electrochemical deposition and the subsequent sulfurization process, which is also one of the cost-effective synthetic approaches. In addition, the solar cell properties of the CZTS thin film solar cells, such as the photocurrent density-voltage (J-V) characteristics and the external quantum efficiency (EQE) were investigated.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.411-416
• /
• 2005

The aim of the present work was to prepare the nanosuspension of inorganic pigment which shows light reflection and scattering as efficient sunscreen. The zinc oxide (ZnO) was chosen as an inorganic pigment, and high pressure homogenizer and bead mill have been used for the preparation of nanosuspension. The ZnO nanosuspensions were characterized by particle size, in vitro sun protection factor (SPF) and UV transmittance. ZnO nanosuspension prepared by bead mill showed the average diameter of $119{\pm}4\;nm$, resulting in the high value of SPF $(28.74{\pm}2.06,\;n=20)$, while that prepared by high pressure homogenizer showed the average diameter of $751{\pm}32\;nm$ with the relative lower value of SPF $(21.38{\pm}1.94\;n=20)$. In addition, the film of ZnO nanosuspension prepared by bead mill was showed a high visible ray (VIS) transmittance, indicating a high transparency. In conclusion, a physically stable ZnO nanosuspension in cyclomethicone was successfully prepared using bead mill for the suitable sunscreen preparations.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.259-265
• /
• 1977

굴 양식장의 환경연구중 거제만양식장의 밀도 및 노화정도에 관한 기초조사를 1977년 6월부터 11월까지 6개월간에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 1. 거제만해역의 면적은 $48.87km^2$이고 도수산국에 등록된 이 해역내의 양식장 수면적은 $10.91km^2$이다. 해역면적에 대한 면허면적은 $22.23\%$이고 면허면적과 해역면적의 비는 1 : 4.48이다. 2. 부영양화의 정도를 A,B,C로 구분하여 C단계를 과영양화로의 과도기단계라 할때, 거제만은 양식어장으로서 수질은 A단계로 양호한 편인데 비해 저질은 C단계로 부영양화의 한계치에 도달되었거나 또는 약간 상회하며 과영영화로 진입하고 있다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.210-219
• /
• 2003

To develop natural flavoring substances, optimal two stage enzyme hydrolysis conditions and flavor compounds of short-neck clam (Tapes philippinarum) enzyme hydrolysates were examined. The optimal enzyme hydrolysis conditions for two stage enzyme hydrolysate (TSEH) of short-neck clam were revealed in temperature at $55^{\circ}C$ for 4 hours digestion with alcalase at the 1st stage and 4 hours digestion at $45^{\circ}C$ with exopeptidase type neutrase at the 2nd stage. In quality tests of hot-water extracts, steam extracts and 4 kinds of enzyme hydrolysates, TSEH processing method was superior to other methods in yield, nitrogen contents, organoleptic taste such as umami intensity and inhibition of off-flavor formation, and transparency of extract. Total free amino acid contents in hot-water extract, steam extract and TSEH were 1,352.1 mg/100 g, 1,174.1 mg/100 g and 2,122.4 mg/100 g, respectively, Major free amino acids in TSEH were glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, tyrosine, phenylalanine and arginine. As for nucleotides and other bases, betaine, TMAO and creatinine were principal components in TSEH. The major inorganic ions in TSEH were Na, K, P and Cl. TSEH also revealed very higher angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibition effect $(70.7\%)$ than those of hot-water and steam extract. We conclude that TSEH from short-neck clam was more flavorable compared with the seasoning materials on the market, it could be utilized as the instant soup base and the seasoning substances for fisheries processing.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2010년도 하계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.208-208
• /
• 2010

Indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO) thin films were studied as a possible alternative to indium tin oxide (ITO) films for providing low-cost transparent conducting oxide (TCO) for thin film photovoltaic devices. IZTO films were deposited onto glass substrates at room temperature. A dc/rf magnetron co-sputtering system equipped with a ceramic target of the same composition was used to deposit TCO films. Earlier studies showed that the resistivity value of $In_{0.6}Zn_{0.2}Sn_{0.2}O_{1.5}$ (IZTO20) films could be lowered to approximately $6{\times}10^{-4}ohm{\cdot}cm$ without sacrificing optical transparency and still maintaining amorphous structure through the optimization of process variables. The growth rate was kept at about 8 nm/min while the oxygen-to-argon pressure ratio varied from 0% to 7.5%. As-deposited films were always amorphous and showed strong oxygen pressure dependence of electrical resistivity and electron concentration values. Influence of forming gas anneal (FGA) at medium temperatures was also studied and proven effective in improving electrical properties. In this study, the chemical composition of the targets and the films varied around the $In_{0.6}Zn_{0.2}Sn_{0.2}O_{1.5}$ (IZTO20). It was the main objective of this paper to investigate how off-stoichiometry affected TCO characteristics including electrical resistivity and optical transmission. In addition to the composition effect, we have also studied how film properties changed with processing variables. IZTO thin films have shown their potential as a possible alternative to ITO thin films, in such way that they could be adopted in some applications where currently ITO and IZO thin films are being used. Our experimental results are compared to those obtained for commercial ITO thin films from solar cell application view point.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2007

This study suggests the new technique to express the texture that copes with the demands of the times by trying to apply the new Nuno-felt technique, to the silk, the representative material for emotion, in order to provide the basic data for the development of highly value added and competitive materials in the domestic and international markets as well as to meet the demand of consumers in the high emotion age pursuing the idiosyncrasy and qualify enhancement. Nuno-felt is the felting technique that places the wool of desired thickness on the thin fabric using wools and various kinds of fabric materials and rubs them. The samples are 3 kinds of silk including plain Chiffon with different touch, Pongee and Organza and Merino Wool, the best quality wool of wools. As a result, beyond the simple surface effect from the silk showing the superior drape feature with one color and soft wool, the Nuno-felt technique created the feminine as well as masculine, classic and modem image. Furthermore, the harmony of opacity and transparency produced the new dynamic and dimensional texture with the combination of different emotions through the visual emotion of different grey colors and rough, crude and soft touch. This study suggested the possibility that the Nuno-felt technique could create the new emotional materials for the modem sense by combining the materials with different features from the wools unlike the traditional simple felt technique.