• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.871-905
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• 2010

This paper is motivated by Watanabe's (2001) observation that English byphrase passives are sometimes translated into Japanese object topicalization constructions. That is, the original English sentence in the passive may be translated into the active voice with the logical object topicalized. A number of scholars, including Chomsky (1981) and Baker (1992), have remarked that languages have various ways to avoid focusing on the logical subject. The aim of the present study is to examine the translation equivalents of the English by-phrase passives in an English-Korean parallel corpus compiled by the author. A small sample of articles from Newsweek magazine and its published Korean translation reveals that there are indeed many ways to translate English by-phrase passives, including object topicalization (12.5%). Among the 64 translated sentences analyzed and classified, 12 (18.8%) examples were problematic in terms of agent defocusing, which is the primary function of passives. Of these 12 instances, five cases were identified where an alternative translation would be more suitable. The results suggest that the functional characteristics of English by-phrase passives should be highlighted in translator training as well as language teaching.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.204-204
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• 2000

This paper describes the development of training simulator for Hadong fossil Power Plant. The simulator was developed to train operator, test new control Logic and evaluate alternative operating procedure for expert engineer of control system. The most control logics such as Siemens TELEPERM ME and GE Mark V are translated directly from microprocessors. Those HMI are also directly emulated. The simulation was performed by ProTRAX modeling software. The paper discusses the configuration of simulator and the simulation results of 30%, 50%, 75% and 100% normal rate load test.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.71
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• pp.259-304
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• 2018

In this paper, we analyzed and analyzed the entry path and the capacity of translation competent personnel who participated in the translation project for the last 5 years. For this purpose, the entry path of the translation workforce is classified as 'employee', 'research course', 'vt', and 'external expert'. And the number of manpower and the amount of translated manuscripts were examined by year. In addition, the average amount of manpower for one translator was also examined. As a result of the research and analysis, the proportion of the total translation companies in the translation business was in the order of external experts - from the research course - from the qualification examination - from the staff. The proportion of manuscripts is in the order of from the research course - external expert - from the qualification examination - from the staff. In addition, we surveyed and analyzed the present status of each of the translators and discussed the characteristics and problems of each business sector. In the translation of historical documents, the proportion of manpower is the largest in the research process, but the proportion of manuscripts is the highest in the qualification test, and that of the experts in the translation and special classics is significant. In addition, it was judged that translation work of translator was proceeding inefficiently by analyzing average manpower quantity of translation worker. In order to solve these problems, three plans were proposed: 'Need to plan the use of translation personnel based on business plan', 'Improvement of qualification examination for cross-country and translation committee members', 'Training of translation experts in specialized fields and expansion of entry routes'. Each of these measures must be validated and validated through detailed analysis and research. However, it is hoped that the translator will help the translation project by establishing a more systematic and planned business plan and a plan to utilize the translation workforce.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.36
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• pp.241-270
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• 2014

The aim of this article is to review the traditional methodologies of teaching translation that concentrate on text-typologies and, as an alternative, to propose an eclectic multi-componential approach that involves a set of interdisciplinary skills with a view to improving the trainee translators' competences and skills. To this end, three approaches, namely a minimalist approach, a pre-transferring adjustment approach and a revision vs. editing approach are proposed to shift the focus of attention from teacher-centred approaches towards student-centred approaches. It has been shown that translator training programmes need to focus on improving the trainee translators' competences and skills, such as training them how to produce and select among the different versions they produce by themselves with justified confidence as quickly as they can (minimalist approach), adjust the original text semantically, syntactically and/or textually in a way that the source text supplely accommodates itself in the linguistic system of the target language (pre-transferring adjustment), and revise and edit others' translations. As the validity of the approach proposed relies partially on instructors' competences and skills in teaching translation, universities, particularly in the Arab world, need to invest in recruiting expert practitioners instead of depending mainly on bilingual teachers to teach translation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.284-288
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• 1999

발전소 운전원 훈련용 시슈레이터 개발시 제어로직과 MMI(Man Machine Interface)의 화면개발은 많은 인력과 시간이 수반되는 일이지만 일일이 코딩을 하여만 실제 제어기능을 구현할 수 있다. 하동화력발전소 운전원 훈련용 시뮬레이터에서는 제어시스템 개발의 생산성과 신뢰도를 향상시키기 위해 번역기를 개발하여 현장에서 사용중인 제어파일을 일시에 번역하여 시뮬레이터에 적용하는 방법을 적용하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 하동화력 DCS인 Siemens Control에 적합한 제어 번역기의 개발과정을 서술한다. 번역기를 통한 제어시스템의 모델링 방법은 첨단제어 시스템의 기존 기능을 그대로 유지할 수가 있게 되어 제어기술자의 훈련 및 제어로직 개발 그리고 분석이 가능하며, 이를 통하여 운전원 훈련효과를 제고할 수 있고 실제 제어시스템과 완벽한 호환성을 유지함으로써 시뮬레이터의 정확성을 보증할 수 있게 된다.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2001

Pu-lei is a well-known translator in Chinese literature. He had delivered his experience, knowledge and paternal love to his son who was studying abroad, by hundreds of letters from 1954 to 1966. These letters are appreciated as the perfect expression for paternal love and concerns. Although he had experienced both cultures of the West and the East, his lessons for son are rooted in the oriental‘sprit training’. What he emphasized in his letters is that one should put sound personality first than merely enhancing abilities. Especially, he valued the recreation from meditation and living up to one's belief. Furthermore, he had taught his son to observe the properties, to manage time, and pride of his country and patriotism. The modern family education has overlooked the enhancement of human nature. The egoistic and jaundiced parental love and over-protectiveness led the disorder and the absence of morality today. In this point, the lessons from Pu-lei's letter will give us important suggestions.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• no.3
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• pp.231-248
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• 1997

With the trend of globalization more people are absorbing in the English learning programs. Not a few attend even the English-Korean translation training course to be semi-professional translators, but we English teachers have already experienced that it is not so easy to translate any language into another, and that it is far more difficult to translate poetry. Much time has been devoted to investigating the problems of translating poetry than any other mode. Poetry translation theory is concerned with the problem of faithfulness to the original poetry. To be a good translator we must fully understand the sound and sense of the original work. But when in translating English poetry into Korean we feel keenly our limits of understanding the sound and style of English poetry, and of expressing them into Korean. Even our sense-oriented translation is far from satisfactory. We often make quite a few mistranslation. Another immediate problem is that of alternation between word-for-word translation and free translation method, but first of all, we should have a perfect knowledge and understanding in English, and a good command of our mother tongue. We should also have a sound interpretation ability because poetry translation is based on the interpretation of the original, and on the shaping of that interpretation. Some doubts have been raised over the feasibility of poetry translation. They say it is not possible to combine in another language the emotion, the form, the style, the musical devices of English poetry. Yet the art of translation has been practiced everywhere in the world. Through this art we can share our experience and culture with foreigners and theirs with us.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.626-634
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze the cliche for English-Korean interpretation and translation training with special reference to the cliche based on Shakespeare's works texts. The term of 'idioms' are generally used as figurative expressions instead of the term of 'cliche'. Thus, cliches must be reinterpreted in the lexicon that are used in useful expressions. Cliches are often idioms. Idioms are figurative phrases with an implied meaning; the phrase is not to be taken literally. This causes difficulty when translating to another language because the meaning may not be understood by people within that culture. Cliches are figurative or literal expressions and are overused expressions. Consequently, the cliches are distinguished from the idioms by the transparent meanings. This study was examined based on the cliches shown in Shakespeare's works texts. After all, anyone who wants to become an efficient English learners, interpretor and translator should be familiar with cliches. They had better use the cliche in English learning site. I hope this study will be helpful even a bit to his attempt.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.199-208
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• 2021

Automatic Post Editing(APE) is the study that automatically correcting errors included in the machine translated sentences. The goal of APE task is to generate error correcting models that improve translation quality, regardless of the translation system. For training these models, source sentence, machine translation, and post edit, which is manually edited by human translator, are utilized. Especially in the recent APE research, multilingual pretrained language models are being adopted, prior to the training by APE data. This study deals with multilingual pretrained language models adopted to the latest APE researches, and the specific application method for each APE study. Furthermore, based on the current research trend, we propose future research directions utilizing translation model or mBART model.