• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.76.3-77
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• 2015

MIR colors are an excellent tool to investigate the transition phase of galaxy evolution in terms of star formation at various phases. The Coma supercluster is the nearest massive supercluster, hosting two main clusters, the Coma (Abell 1656) and Leo (Abell 1367) clusters, and one galaxy group, the NGC 4555 group, providing an ideal laboratory to study how galaxies evolve depending on environment. We present the results of a study for MIR properties of galaxies in the Coma supercluster using multi-wavelength data from the optical to MIR including the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 12 and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. We investigate differences in MIR properties of galaxies among three galaxy systems, and discuss the results in relation with star formation history and morphological transformation of galaxies.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.119-131
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate AEON Group which is the largest retailers in Japan. There are same characteristic between E-mart and Aeon. They adopted hyper method as like as European and American. In addition to this, they applied their own custom. As I reviewed about the stages of development corporate, it is enabled to be expected the strategy of Aeon. The corporate will be a holding company and planning to expand branch to hundred in China.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.589-602
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• 2008

As a survey-type article, the paper reviews various digital topological utilities from digital covering theory. Digital covering theory has strongly contributed to the calculation of the digital k-fundamental group of both a digital space(a set with k-adjacency or digital k-graph) and a digital product. Furthermore, it has been used in classifying digital spaces, establishing almost Van Kampen theory which is the digital version of van Kampen theorem in algebrate topology, developing the generalized universal covering property, and so forth. Finally, we remark on the digital k-surface structure of a Cartesian product of two simple closed $k_i$-curves in ${\mathbf{Z}}^n$, $i{\in}{1,2}$.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.42.3-42.3
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• 2018

We investigate surface brightness profiles (SBPs) of dwarf galaxies in field, group, and cluster environments. Using images from the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) Supernova Program (KSP) for the NGC 2784 group and SDSS for the Virgo cluster, SBP types are classified into profiles with single exponential (Type I), double exponential (Type II and Type III). Type II and Type III have smaller and larger outer sizes than inner sizes, respectively. SBP types of field dwarfs are compiled from a previous study. The distributions of SBP types are different in three environments. After comparing sizes of dwarfs in different environments, we suggest that since sizes of some dwarfs are changed due to the environmental effects, SBP types are able to be transformed. It makes that the distributions of SBP types in three environments are different.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.358-368
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine and fully understand the transformation of female's ideal beauty based on word analysis. In order to research the understanding of female's ideal beauty, a random research was done on 438 women, ranging from the ages 10's through 60's. From the resulting poll, a frequency analysis was performed to further analyse the meaning of ideal beauty to each sector of the age group. To the teenage's beauty awareness was defined by the word "individuality", the 20's was "confident", the 30's was "elegant", the 40's was "earnestness", the 50's was "comfortable" and the 60's was "healthy". The research proved that the younger the age group, the more exterior beauty was considered, as opposed to the older generation who found inner beauty to be of most importance.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.47-66
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• 2001

Today in modern Korea, the preferred modern social role for many modern women is that of modern housewife. This move to the role of housewife is a change in more than just a role; it also reflects a deep and fundamental change that has taken place in the social and economic roles of married women. This shift in economic activities and the gender roles they help produce speaks of a deep and profound process of transformation for all of Korea. Traditionally, a woman was a member of a family premised upon group production as well as group consumption. The role of jubu is derived almost exclusively from market forces and bases her identity and actions upon those forces. This distinction is crucial because it means Korean women are finding that they are no longer as central to the existence of the family. Modern life situations have altered a womans role by making consumption, not production by the woman herself, the keystone of modern families.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.189-199
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• 2008

It is good to use DEA method as it can measure the efficiency without depending on a specific function like cost function. The method also finds out the most efficient group among the sample groups and gives us a specific number. For example, it shows what kind of factor of inefficient group gives how much input and produces how much output. Originally DEA, which was developed by Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes, allows us not only to measure the relative efficiency of Decision Making Units(DMUs) of non-profit organizations whose success cannot be measured by a single bottom-line figure such as profit but also to integrate several variables, which have different measuring scale, into a single model. Therefore we can use physical scales and financial scales simultaneously in the same model without any transformation process. In this study, price and measurable performance indexes of vehicles are used as input and outputs respectively. The purpose of this study is to propose an effective approach for evaluating the relative efficiency of vehicles and to determine the vehicles have high performance efficiency compared to product cost.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.159-176
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• 2021

Over the past two decades, smart cities have been attracting attention as a means of solving urban problems and as a model for securing urban sustainability. Many studies have been conducted in various fields such as conceptual definitions, classification, new technologies, case analysis, and civic participation of smart cities. In particular, applicable technologies and their importance have been highlighted so far. However, since a city is a complex and meta-systematic space, it is the overly optimistic prospect that technology, one of the smart city components, will lead to successful smart cities. This study elucidates the impediments to driving smart cities as a case study of South Korea, a leading country in smart technology and digital transformation. We examined three comprehensive national plans for promoting smart cities and conducted focus group interviews with experts in smart cities to analyze the obstacles to carrying smart cities. We classified the thirteen impediments into technological, industrial, governmental, and social factors as a result. Some of them are generic issues in policy establishment and enforcement, while others are specific to smart cities.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.87-95
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• 2021

Let K be an imaginary quadratic field with ��K its ring of integers. For a positive integer N, let K(N) be the ray class field of K modulo N��K, and let ��N be the field of meromorphic modular functions of level N whose Fourier coefficients lie in the Nth cyclotomic field. For each h ∈ ��N, we construct a ray class invariant as its special value in terms of the extended form class group, and show that the invariant satisfies the natural transformation formula via the Artin map in the sense of Siegel and Stark. Finally, we establish an isomorphism between the extended form class group and Gal(K(N)/K) without any restriction on K.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2018

As open data(public data) began to be recognized as a source of national economic development, many countries began to build public data portals and provide open data to the private sector. In accordance with this trend, open source communities have begun to develop open data platform such as CKAN and enable to share dataset among open data platforms by applying metadata standard technology. However, many governments and local governments are still making it difficult to share data between data portals because they build their own platforms. In this paper, we propose a DCAT-based metadata transformation tool to solve these problems, and show how to transform a dataset into DCAT.