• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.201-207
• /
• 2017

Angelica decursiva has been utilised as remedy for controlling the airway inflammatory diseases in folk medicine. We investigated whether nodakenin, columbianadin, and umbelliferone isolated from the roots of Angelica decursiva inhibit the gene expression and production of MUC5AC mucin from human airway epithelial cells. Confluent NCI-H292 cells were pretreated with nodakenin, columbianadin or umbelliferone for 30 min and then stimulated with epidermal growth factor (EGF), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) for 24 h. The MUC5AC mucin gene expression was measured by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Production of MUC5AC mucin protein was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were as follows: (1) Nodakenin did not affect the expression of MUC5AC mucin gene induced by EGF, PMA or $TNF-{\alpha}$. Columbianadin inhibited the expression of MUC5AC mucin gene induced by EGF or PMA. However, umbelliferone inhibited the expression of MUC5AC mucin gene induced by EGF, PMA or $TNF-{\alpha}$; (2) Nodakenin also did not affect the production of MUC5AC mucin protein induced by EGF, PMA or $TNF-{\alpha}$. Columbianadin inhibited the production of MUC5AC mucin protein induced by PMA. However, umbelliferone inhibited the production of MUC5AC mucin protein induced by EGF, PMA or $TNF-{\alpha}$. These results suggest that, among the three compounds investigated, umbelliferone only inhibits the gene expression and production of MUC5AC mucin stimulated by various inducers, by directly acting on airway epithelial cells, and the results might explain the traditional use of Angelica decursiva as remedy for diverse inflammatory pulmonary diseases.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.55-70
• /
• 2009

Vision-based Human computer interaction is an emerging field of science and industry to provide natural way to communicate with human and computer. In that sense, inferring the emotional state of the person based on the facial expression recognition is an important issue. In this paper, we present a novel approach to recognize facial expression from a sequence of input images using emotional specific HMM (Hidden Markov Model) and facial motion tracking based on optical flow. Conventionally, in the HMM which consists of basic emotional states, it is considered natural that transitions between emotions are imposed to pass through neutral state. However, in this work we propose an enhanced transition framework model which consists of transitions between each emotional state without passing through neutral state in addition to a traditional transition model. For the localization of facial features from video sequence we exploit template matching and optical flow. The facial feature displacements traced by the optical flow are used for input parameters to HMM for facial expression recognition. From the experiment, we can prove that the proposed framework can effectively recognize the facial expression in real time.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.573-590
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop contemporary Qipao design that emphasized creative feminine beauty with a unique sense beyond the concept of traditional Qipao design. This would be achieved using the expressive technique of human liberation from the oppression of the unconscious world a supported by surrealism. Using existing literature and previous research, surrealist expression technique used in fashion were investigated and analyzed. The results are as follows. First, the possibility of new and original design beyond existing surrealistic Qipao design was demonstrated through various realistic surrealism expression techniques, such as dépaysement, objet, and trompe-l'œil techniques. This occurred by exploring various unconscious world out of fixed ideas and through expression techniques of surrealistic fashion such as imagery of body parts, metaphorical expression of objects, and position deformation and illusion. Second, Qipao design that combined objet and attempted ordinary escape by combining isolated body parts (such as hands, eyes, and lips) within the composition combine with surrealistic expression enabled various and fun surrealistic fashion designs to emerge. Third, the metaphor of surreal lips and eyes (mainly used in works of this study) presented a unique and extraordinary combination of images in accessories and partial design that used the dépaysement technique. Thus, it was possible to expand surrealistic expression by including LED wire.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.17-30
• /
• 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the healing effect of Yukmijihwang-tang (YM) on femur fractured mice. Methods Mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal, control, positive control, YM with low, medium, high dosage each. All groups were prepared with femur fracture and treated diffrently. In order to measure bone regeneration effects, we analysed the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), collagen type II alpha 1 chain (Col2a1), Sox9, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osterix genes expressed in bone. For morphological analysis, muscles were removed and femur was observed with naked eye. Results COX2 gene expression in bone marrow significantly decreased. BMP2 gene expression significantly increased. Col2a1 gene expression significantly increased. Sox9 gene expression increased as well. Runx2 gene expression in bone marrow increased, but there was no statistical significance. Osterix gene expression significantly increased. Union of the fracture site progressed more in YM group compared to the control group. The fracture union score was significantly decreased in YM group compared to the control group. Conclusions YM showed anti-inflammatory effect, promoted bone regeneration by stimulating the bone regeneration factor. In conclusion, YM can help fracture healing and it well be applied clinically to patients with fracture.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.405-418
• /
• 2022

Simotang oral liquid (SMT) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) consisting of four natural plants and is used to alleviate gastrointestinal side effects after chemotherapy and functional dyspepsia (FD). However, the mechanism by which SMT helps cure these gastrointestinal diseases is still unknown. Here, we discovered that SMT could alleviate gastrointestinal side effects after chemotherapy by altering gut microbiota. C57BL/6J mice were treated with cisplatin (DDP) and SMT, and biological samples were collected. Pathological changes in the small intestine were observed, and the intestinal injury score was assessed. The expression levels of the inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-6 and the adhesive factors Occludin and ZO-1 in mouse blood or small intestine tissue were also detected. Moreover, the gut microbiota was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons. SMT was found to effectively reduce gastrointestinal mucositis after DDP injection, which lowered inflammation and tightened the intestinal epithelial cells. Gut microbiota analysis showed that the abundance of the anti-inflammatory microbiota was downregulated and that the inflammatory microbiota was upregulated in DDP-treated mice. SMT upregulated anti-inflammatory and anticancer microbiota abundance, while the inflammatory microbiota was downregulated. An antibiotic cocktail (ABX) was also used to delete mice gut microbiota to test the importance of gut microbiota, and we found that SMT could not alleviate gastrointestinal mucositis after DDP injection, showing that gut microbiota might be an important mediator of SMT treatment. Our study provides evidence that SMT might moderate gastrointestinal mucositis after chemotherapy by altering gut microbiota.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.79-93
• /
• 2016

Since the development of patterns using tessellation is applied to a wide range of fields such as clothing, architecture, environment, and products, etc. and its expression principle is also found in various fields such as mathematics and science, etc. However, this pattern is mostly used as a math material with little studies on fashion and culture. In addition, it is thought that Korean traditional culture products need more various and modern design development methods and pattern through preliminary investigation which is simple copy of traditional items, simple copy of Korean Alphabet, Chinese character, and folk paintings. Therefore, it will present the method to make more design cases using Tessellation. Tessellation that combines mathematics and art will be the infinite form of designing of designers as well as creative training way to understand the composition principles of old culture and to raise sense of modern design. Tessellation of regular triangle, regular square, and regular hexagon was performed on the patterns which have meaning of wealth and prosperity of Korean traditional patterns. As the concrete method, first, each side of the regular triangle is developed symmetrically with patterns of fish, turtle, and cicadas. Second, rotational movement after symmetry movement about middle point of one side ${\times}$ 1 symmetry movement about middle point ${\times}$ 1 using crane and cloud, of the regular triangle was performed. Third, the regular square was tessellated parallel movement ${\times}$ 2 with "Da(multi)" and dragon pattern as the source image. Fourth, the sitting tiger was tessellated with symmetry movement about middle point ${\times}$ 2 and parallel movement ${\times}$ 1. Fifth, three bat patterns are tessellated by again rotational movement of two sides after rotational movement of one side and rotational movement of the other side. In addition, It developed traditional culture product design of the scarf, umbrella, aprons, neckties.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.78-82
• /
• 2013

It has been reported that Scolopendra morsitans L.(SML) has beneficial effects on human health and diverse diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of ether extract from Scolopendra morsitans L. on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammatory response. Thus, we examined the inhibitory effect of SML ether fraction on LPS-induced increase of inflammatory mediators(NO, iNOS, COX-2, and $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$) and pro-inflammatory cytokines(TNF-${\alpha}$) in RAW 264.7 cells. In the present study, SML ether extract itself decreased cell viability in a dose dependent manner(> 100 ${\mu}g/ml$). In addition, LPS increased NO production, iNOS expression and phosphorylation of $I{\kappa}-B{\alpha}$, which were blocked by the treatment of SML ether fraction in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, the treatment of LPS increased TNF-${\alpha}$ production. However, the pretreatment of SML ether fraction prevented the LPS-induced TNF-${\alpha}$ production in dose dependant manner. Taken together, our results suggest that SML may be a beneficial drug against inflammatory diseases such as sepsis.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.130-144
• /
• 2008

A recent concern about Goguryeo era reflects the efforts to find out our spiritual roots, which have descended from the ancient times; Goguryeo clothing study leads to analysis of our national spirit in terms of form. This study aims to analyze formal property and intrinsic meaning of Goguryeo clothing for Korean ramie clothing design and draw traditional images to derive design elements applicable to ramie clothing. On the basis of technical books, newspaper article, internet and precedent studies, theoretical study on Goguryeo clothing and ramie property was followed up with positive study to analyze the clothing on the Goguryeo ancient tomb mural. The results are as follows: First, a progressive spirit is to progress and develop anything actively; This spirit represents Goguryeo people's ambition and racial characteristic as horse-riding people; The rigidity of ramie fabric is suitable for expressing straight silhouettes and detail in Goguryeo dress. Second, a fluidity means flowing property in opposition to fixation; in the case of clothing, it has a tendency to change form according to body motions; The extensibility and crease-resistance of ramie fabric is suitable to express pleated skirts and holds high design value for modern people who tend to regard clothing as important individuality expression. Third, a universal property to introduce and receive; as Goguryeo was a prosperous country established by conquering an open plain, the period formed a society that recognized diversity by introducing foreign cultures freely; a universality suggests the direction of modernization of traditional ramie clothing and stimulates us to discovert new design through compromise between various cultures rather than to stick to traditional style. Considering the fact that precedent studies on traditional clothing are concentrated upon the Joseon period and also limited to formal analysis, this study aims to derive design elements for actual clothing making. These results are expected to be used as basic material for study as well as reference for designers who wish to design modern Korean clothing.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.13
• /
• pp.5325-5330
• /
• 2014

Background: Chronic myelocytic leukemia is a disease that threatens both adults and children. Great progress has been achieved in treatment but protein-protein interaction networks underlining chronic myelocytic leukemia are less known. Objective: To develop a protein-protein interaction network for chronic myelocytic leukemia based on gene expression and to predict biological pathways underlying molecular complexes in the network. Materials and Methods: Genes involved in chronic myelocytic leukemia were selected from OMIM database. Literature mining was performed by Agilent Literature Search plugin and a protein-protein interaction network of chronic myelocytic leukemia was established by Cytoscape. The molecular complexes in the network were detected by Clusterviz plugin and pathway enrichment of molecular complexes were performed by DAVID online. Results and Discussion: There are seventy-nine chronic myelocytic leukemia genes in the Mendelian Inheritance In Man Database. The protein-protein interaction network of chronic myelocytic leukemia contained 638 nodes, 1830 edges and perhaps 5 molecular complexes. Among them, complex 1 is involved in pathways that are related to cytokine secretion, cytokine-receptor binding, cytokine receptor signaling, while complex 3 is related to biological behavior of tumors which can provide the bioinformatic foundation for further understanding the mechanisms of chronic myelocytic leukemia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.61 no.6
• /
• pp.38-59
• /
• 2011

This study is based on the periodical discourse of women and their costumes, described in modern novels that were published from late 1890s to the 1930s. New cultural phenomena emerged among Korean women in the period of modernization. In particular, rapid increase of jobs for women and preference for western female body shape are very noticeable phenomena that can be observed in novels of the 1930s. In addition, the symbolic meanings of female costumes are variously described in modern novels according to the periodical and spatial environment and jobs for women. The symbolic meanings are organized as 'Trophysm, Expression of sexuality, Liberation from male-dominated society, Symbolic difference between rural and urban areas, Vanity, Decadence, Mechanism tending to hide and Change of values'. And women's costumes kept changing in the boundary of 'Confliction, Coexistence and Harmonization' of traditional and western costumes. 'Confliction' phenomenon got emerged in novels published between 1900 and 1910. The resistance on traditional costumes that restricted woman's life got spread. But western female costumes as a symbol of new culture could not be generalized but accepted as high fashion. 'Coexistence' phenomenon was appeared in novels of the 1920s. At that time, the modernization for traditional costumes by female students was emerged along with trendy fashion. Also, the frequency of using western fashion items was increased in the Korean society. Therefore, it shows that western costumes in the Korean society became popularized in the coexistence with traditional costumes. 'Harmonization' phenomenon was emerged in novels of the 1930s. In the novels, the emergence of western female costumes, personal preference items, and westernized hair style implies that western costumes were absorbed into the Korean society that had kept traditional costumes.