• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1358-1366
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• 2016

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the immune-enhancing activity of selenizing Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (sCPPS₅) in nonspecific immune response. In in vitro experiment, the results showed that sCPPS₅ could promote the phagocytic uptake, NO production, and TNF-α and IL-6 secretion of RAW264.7 cells. sCPPS₅ could also strongly increase the IκB-α degradation in the cytosol and the translocation of NF-κB p65 subunit into the nucleus of RAW264.7 cells. In the vivo experiment, sCPPS₅ at medium doses could significantly improve the phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophages and induce the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6. Moreover, the effect of sCPPS₅ was significantly better than Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (CPPS). These results indicated that selenylation modification could significantly enhance the immune-enhancing activity of CPPS in the nonspecific immune response.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.423-432
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• 2020

Background and objective: Traditional farming is winning recognition as a sustainable alternative farming method. As urban farming increases in South Korea, it is crucial to develop more sustainable farming techniques. Gyeonjongbeop is the traditional farming method introduced in the Joseon period. This study was conducted to propose a productive garden model suitable for urban farming through the interpretation of traditional farming methods contained in Imwongyeongjeji Bolliji and to test the model on an actual field. Methods: Using the design and cropping system of Gyeonjongbeop as the research materials, we reviewed its tillage and cultivation and examined the applicability. We proposed a modified method by extracting parts applicable to urban farming. According to the methods, we created a garden with ridges and furrows, cultivated proper vegetables, and evaluated their growth. Results: Raphanus sativus, Allium fistulosum L., Brassica juncea, and Spinacia oleracea grown on ridges showed higher growth than those grown on a conventional flat field. The growth of Hordeum vulgare var. hexastichon and Triticum aestivum L. on furrows was also slightly higher. This proved that the method could make up for the deficiencies of barley and wheat that are weak against winds and cold and are easily destroyed by the spring rains. Conclusion: Ridge and furrow cultivation derived from Gyeonjongbeop can be an efficient urban farming system compared to the conventional cultivation in flat fields. The system can use fallow lands in winter for year-round urban farming. In addition, the application of the traditional farming system can enhance the humanistic value of urban farming.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.243-269
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• 2014

Traditional agriculture technology is absolutely valuable not only to preserve biological diversity but construct an eco-friendly agricultural system. As the awareness of food safety has been growing, traditional technologies in the past agriculture literatures have obtained more attention sine chemical or synthesized fertilizer and agricultural pesticide were not used in these traditional agriculture ways. This study aims to evaluate development values on six kinds of agriculture literatures published before initial 1970s using Delphi technique and Correspondence analysis. The domains of assesment are include livestock sanitation, breeding management, feeding program and an extra part which 261 traditional agriculture technologies were first extracted from. From these technologies, livestock experts deducted 228 items and selected items more than 3.0 from all three areas including usefulness, scientific characteristic and economical efficiency utilizing Delphi technique.: 35 items from usefulness, 31 items from scientific characteristic, and 18 items from economical efficiency. The 23 technology items were finalized after adding five modern feasibility items recommended by experts to 18 items gaining more than 3.0 in at least three areas. The agriculture technologies were categorized into four areas where were analyzed using Correspondence analysis. The results revealed that 'sustainable farming technology', 'scientific character verification', ' modernized technology development', and 'intellectual property right' were placed closely one another except 'economy efficiency'. The result implicated that scientific verification and economy efficiency should be considered in order to sustain traditional agriculture technology into a modernized way and to protect intellectual property right of these technologies.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.28-34
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• 2001

Korea traditional handmade paper, Hanji, has been known for more than thousand years for its high strength, high whiteness, high gloss, good ink reception and long lasting quality. Main component fiber of the Hanji is called 'Dak', which is the bast fiber of the Korea paper mulberry ($\textit{Broussonetia kazinoki}$). Dak has long fiber length, and high cellulose DP, if processed properly. The quality of Hanji is partly from the superior quality of Dak over wood fiber, and partly from the traditional papermaking process. The traditional papermaking process includes pulping, bleaching, refining, use of natural polymer, and sheet making process. Every traditional process has its special role. Comparisons between the modern papermaking technology and the traditional process were made in this study. The traditional process effectively protected cellulose DP in pulping and bleaching process, protected fiber length in refining process, and developed the high strength in the sheet forming process over the modern papermaking process.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.271-281
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• 2018

IFIT1 (also known as ISG56) is a member of the interferon-inducible protein with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFITs) family. IFITs are strongly induced by type I interferon (IFN), double-stranded RNA and virus infection. Here, we investigated IFIT1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and in human bronchus epithelial cells (BEAS-2Bs) induced by the H9N2 virus and inactivated viral particle at different time points. We also investigated the effect of H9N2 virus and viral particle infection on $IFN-{\alpha}/{\beta}$ production, and assessed whether hemagglutinin or neuraminidase protein induced IFIT1 expression. Results showed that both H9N2 virus infection and viral particle inoculation induced the expression of IFIT1 at mRNA and protein levels in the two cell lines. Hemagglutinin or neuraminidase protein binding alone is not sufficient to induce IFIT1 expression. Surprisingly, the expression patterns of IFIT1 in response to H9N2 virus and viral particles in the two cell lines were opposite, and production kinetics of $IFN-{\alpha}/{\beta}$ also differed. An additional finding was that induction of IFIT1 in response to H9N2 virus infection or viral particle inoculation was more sensitive in HUVECs than in BEAS-2Bs. Our data offers new insight into the innate immune response of endothelial cells to H9N2 virus infection.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.409-420
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• 2015

This study intends to explore a teaching philosophy of a Master, a joiner, a cabinet maker, Byeung-Soo Kim who has devoted his entire life on creating and making traditional Korean wood furniture since the elementary school. His teaching method is to make his learners skillful by learning how to make traditional Korean furniture with the traditional technique or joint handmade. They are able to create the furniture in passing through some levels such as a beginning, a middle, a high, and a special class for three years. Each level suggests that the students should study its own joints from laminating, dado, butt, dovetail, mitered, mortise-and-tenon, rabbet, tongue-and-groove and so on. The teaching method is very unique as the technique different and difficult to fine it from other education processes throughout the country.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.507-512
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• 2023

The traditional oviposition ground for indoor breeding of Luciola lateralis is moss. This study was conducted to find the most suitable alternative oviposition ground that can maintain or increase the oviposition rate of L. lateralis while addressing the problems of larva collection time and larva loss that occur when moss is used. As alternative candidate oviposition ground comprising six colors of non-woven fabric and felt were used to measure the fecundity variation rate of L. lateralis with respect to the color and material of the oviposition ground. In addition, measure the fecundity variation rate of L. lateralis in moss, a traditional oviposition ground, was also measured and investigated for comparison. The investigation showed that the average number of eggs in the non-woven fabric group was higher than that in the felt group. The yellow non-woven fabric had an average number of eggs that was more than 100 times higher than of moss used as a traditional oviposition ground. In the space where the six color non-woven fabric were together, L. lateralis concentrated its oviposition on yellow. These results showed that yellow non-woven fabric can be sufficiently used for efficient indoor mass breeding of L. lateralis while addressing problems caused by moss, a traditional oviposition ground.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.46.2-46.2
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• 2008

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.spc
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• pp.47-49
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• 2011

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.5-11
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• 1996

It has been reported that acetylation reduces the sorption of wood, thereby increasing the stability of the acoustic and dimensional properties of wood under conditions of changing humidity. Bamboos used for making a Korean traditional flute were acetylated and their dimensional properties were evaluated by measuring Weight Percent Gain and thickness swelling in water. Before acetylation bamboos were vacuum-dried to 3~6% at $50{\sim}80^{\circ}C$ without degradation. The optimum reaction temperature and time for bamboo acetylation were found to be $120^{\circ}C$ and 8 hours, respectively.