• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.25-32
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• 2014

Purpose - This study reviews changes in the steel export-import structure between Korea and Japan using a trade related index; it focuses on analyzing comparative advantage based on time-series analysis statistics data using the trade intensity index (TII), revealed comparative advantage index (RCA), and trade specialization index (TSI). Research design, data, and methodology - In terms of their economic phase, Korea and Japan have a mutually complementary character. Therefore, this study aims to understand each country's trade structure to strengthen Korea-Japan economic cooperation, examine trade drawbacks, analyze factors that affect trade, and identify ways to improve and expand trade. Results - The results indicate immense potential for mutual cooperation and complementariness, which will yield guaranteed adequate profits comparable to those of any regional economic integrated community. Conclusion - From our viewpoint, Northeast economic cooperation can facilitate industry technological cooperation with Japanese partners in the prevailing environment that is characterized by increasing competition among industries and the need to secure stable resource supplies as well as the expansion of the export market and diversification, which can have significant positive implications.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.77-83
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to find the impact of international trade cooperation and distribution on foreign direct investment (FDI). The study also tests the impact of lag variables of trade cooperation and distribution on FDI in the future. Research design, data, and methodology: Autoregressive Distributed Lag model is applied to analyze the impact of chosen variables such as total trade (TRADE), trade openness (OPEN), the exchange rate (EXR), inflation (INF), and gross domestic growth (GDP) on FDI. Quarterly data is collected from Vietnam General Statistic Office, Vietnam General Department of Customs, International Monetary Fund, and The World Bank from 2006 to 2020. Stata 14 software is used to analyze the regression and test variables. Results: The findings indicate that TRADE, OPEN, INF, GDP, and their lags affect both positively and negatively on FDI in different periods. While OPEN still expresses an unclear impact on FDI. Moreover, this study proves that the FDI of a nation is influenced by international cooperation. Conclusions: This study indicates the importance of international trade cooperation and distribution in not only attracting foreign investment sources but also developing the economy. Findings are necessary bases for governments or authorities in signing international trade agreements in the future.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.37-44
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• 2014

Purpose - This study reviews changes in the automobile export-import structure between Japan and USA through a trade related index, and focuses on analyzing comparative advantage based on time-series analysis of statistical data (2000, 2005, and 2012) by using the trade intensity index (TII), revealed comparative advantage index (RCA), and trade specialization index (TSI). Research design, data, and methodology - Japan and USA have mutually complementary economic phase characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to understand each country's trade structure, to strengthen Japan-USA economic cooperation and aimed to examine trade drawbacks to analyze causes affecting trade and ways to improve it to facilitate its expansion. Results - These two economies have immense complementary potential and, further, significantly greater profits are assured from trade between them, as compared to any other integrated regional economic community. Conclusion - Economic cooperation between these two powers can provide opportunities for industry technology cooperation through partnerships against the backdrop of accelerating competition among industries, by identifying opportunities to secure stable resource suppliers and enlarge the export market.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.7-17
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• 2019

Purpose - In recent years, the bilateral political relationship between Vietnam and India was upgraded to strategic and comprehensive partnership. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to analyze current relations and prospects of the Vietnam-India trade. Research design, data and methodology - The data was mainly based on World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) and Foreign Investment Agency of Vietnam Ministry of Planning and Investment (FIA) from 2010-2018. The relationship of the two countries has showed growth in all sectors, including trade cooperation. This paper focused on assessing the current relations of trade cooperation of the two countries and then andlyzed the prospects of trade cooperation in the next period. Result - The Indian Government's strategy shifted from "Look East" policy to "Look East" action by the end of 2015. Vietnam is a partner and a pillar of India's Look East policy (Muni, 2011). The governments of both countries should further strengthen exchanges and trade connections in order to provide cooperation opportunities for investors and businesses of the two countries. Conclusion - The paper discusses and gives an overview of the current status of the trade relations of Vietnam and India as well as lucidating the opportunities and challenges for two countries in the future.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.337-348
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• 2020

Although the WTO has fulfilled several key tasks it was set up to do - providing periodic reviews of members' trade policies, resolving disputes, supporting negotiations - with the notable exceptions of the Trade Facilitation and Information Technology agreements, WTO members have not been able to negotiate new rules on "bread and butter" trade policies. The importance of doing so was illustrated by the COVID-19 pandemic which saw widespread uncoordinated recourse to trade policy instruments. This paper highlights four reforms that would bolster the effectiveness of the WTO as a forum for trade cooperation: (1) improving collection and reporting of information on trade-related policies; (2) supporting analysis-informed deliberation to establish a common understanding of the need and scope for cooperation in specific policy areas; (3) putting in place a stronger multilateral governance framework for plurilateral cooperation between groups of WTO members; and (4) reestablishing an effective dispute settlement system.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.551-558
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• 2002

The further economy and trade cooperation between China and the Korean Peninsula should be carried out due to the process of globalization. Being the biggest border city and one of the windows of opening outside policy, Dandong plays a very important role in the economy and trade cooperation between China and D.P.R.K. With the tendency of regional economy cooperation amony countries of Northeast Asia, Dandong should also act as a bridge in the economy and trade cooperation between R.O.K and D.P.R.K.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.35-43
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• 2014

Purpose - This study evaluates the mutual influential power regarding the trade volumes of Japan and USA, based on a literature review and an empirical analysis. Through the literature review, I could evaluate each country's actual import-export volume and its status. Further, I could evaluate how each country could influence its trade outcome, through empirical analysis. Research design, data, and methodology - This study aims to review the trade structure to improve Japan-USA economic and social cooperation, as the two countries have reciprocal complementary features, and to examine trade weaknesses and analyze factors influencing trade and its direction, as well as to identify ways to expand trade. Results - The intra-economic potential cooperation fields are numerous. Additionally, anticipated profits from these fields are stable as compared to other fields in the regional economic integration. Conclusion - The interrelations between the two economic identities can provide optimal opportunities for industrial technology cooperation. Under the current aggravated competition in industrial fields, it is advisable to identify ways to secure stable resource suppliers, including the development of export markets.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.14
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• pp.323-348
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• 2000

Facing the current difficulties of fisheries industry nationally and internationally, economic cooperations between South and North Korea are needed urgently. Applying the process of economic integration to fisheries sector of separated nation, cooperation processes are divided as follows; (1) indirect and direct fisheries trade, (2) reciprocal use of fishing grounds, (3) joint venture in fisheries sector, (4) free movement of production factors and common fisheries policy. Here, fisheries trade falls under economic interchange stage. Reciprocal use of fishing ground and fisheries joint venture come in economic cooperation stage. Finally. free factor movement and common fisheries policy are related with economic integration stage. This paper investigates the schemes for fisheries cooperation between South and North Korea in preparation for a unified Korea, focusing on fisheries trade. The paper is composed of 5 chapters. Chapter 2 discusses structure and characteristics of North Korea trade, and trade situation between South and North Korea. Then, the present condition of North Korea fisheries industry and fisheries trade trend between South and North Korea are presented in chapter 3. Next, chapter 4 tackles the most common problems encountered in fisheries trade between South and North Korea, and the devices and schemes to raise fisheries trade between South and North Korea. Finally, chapter 5 summarizes and concludes the research results.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2011

Sub-region cooperation is necessary based on the condition that China-Japan-Korea free trade area has not been established. Shandong has common interests with Koreain economic and trade cooperation and it has been equipped with prominent external environment and industrial advantages in sub-region cooperation. The article discusses the advantages, the specific patterns, the cooperation contents and the matched government measures of sub-region cooperation between Shandong and Korea, with the purpose of modifying the relevant policies launched by government.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.23-27
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• 2012

Purpose - The objective of the paper is to explain the economy and trade development between South Korea and Shandong, strengthening logistics Industry cooperation of both sides increasingly important. Research design, data, methodology - The study conducted a survey on Shandong is the earliest economy and trade exchanges with South Korea in China. Shandong and South Korea share the similar geopolitical, the same culture and long exchange history etc. Results - This study explores current situation and existing problems the logistics cooperation between Korea and Shandong, and recommendations so as to further trade between two sides. Conclusions - Logistics cooperation of China and South Korea is an important part of the international logistics cooperation in Northeast Asian Economic Circle, and the logistics cooperation between Shandong and South Korea occupies an important position in logistics cooperation of China and South Korea.