• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

1. Objectives I investigated the effects and mechanisms of Semen Tiglii(ST, 巴豆), Radix Euphorbiae Kansui(REK, 甘遂) and Pedicelus Melo(PM, 瓜莘) in the view of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. 2. Methods I analyzed the literature about oriental medicine and Sasang Constitutional medicine related to herbal Medicine. The contents analyzed were efficacious disease, dosage, usage, side effect, toxicity. 3. Results The first, similarities of ST, REK and PM are improving Gwangyuk, the Chest Discomfort with Constipation, Dysuria and Nausea, toxic, used in urgency, asministered by itself and used shaped powder. The second, ST and REK used the diseases related water and food metabolism in Soumin and Soyangin. PM used the diseases related Qi and fluid metabolism in Taeumin. The third, diarrhea caused by ST and REK is symptom to retrieve the diseases related water and food metabolism. The vomiting caused by PM is symptom to retrieve the diseases related Qi and fluid metabolism. 4. Conclusions The ST, REK and PM is good herbal medicine (() retrieve the urgency symptom caused by the body unbalance in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. The proper dosage is essential because of toxicity of drugs.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.336-343
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was conducted to analyze the single-dose toxicity and the safety of Mahwangcheonoh pharmacopuncture extracts. Methods: Six-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were used for this study. Doses of Mahwangcheonoh pharmacopuncture extracts were set at 0.25 mL (low-dose), 0.5 mL (medium-dose) and 1.0 mL (high-dose) for the test groups. A dose of 1.0 mL of normal saline solution was set for the control group. During 14 days, general symptoms, mortalities, and changes in hematology, blood biochemistry and histopathology of all rats were observed. Results: No death was observed in all test groups. Any abnormal symptom was not observed in all of the groups. No significant changes in weight between the control group and the test groups were observed. In addition, no significant differences in the hematology signs, the blood biochemistry levels and the histopathological signs related to the Mahwangcheonoh pharmacopuncture extracts injection were observed. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that Mahwangcheonoh pharmacopuncture at doses of 1.0 mL or less may be consider safe and non-toxic. So, it can be used for therapy of obesity sufficiently. But further studies on this subject must be performed to confirm and verify this conclusion.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2005

Gami-Honghwa-Tang (KH-19), a herbal prescription for reducing the side effect of radiotherapy, is composed of eight crude herbs such as Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix, Corni Fructus, Moutan Cortex Radicis, Lycii Fructus, Carthami Flos, and Glycyrrhizae Radix. In this study, marker substances in KH-19 were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and safety evaluation of standardized KH-19 was evaluated by good laboratory practices (GLP) guideline of Korea Food and Drug Administration. HPLC-DAD was employed to determine the quantities and the qualities of several marker substances such as 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (5-HMF), paeonol, loganin, paeoniflorin, glycyrrhizin, and decursin in the KH-19. In acute oral toxicity study on rat, transient inhibition of body weight was shown, but change in general symptom was not detected. No dead animal was observed up to 5,000 mg/kg in both male and female animals. In acute oral toxicity study on Beagle dog, transient vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, and body weight reduction were observed, However, no dead animal was observed up to 2,000 mg/kg in both male and female animals.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.213-222
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• 1994

The acute tonicity of DWP305 (Ursodeoxycholic acid : Silymarin : Fursulthiamine : Riboflavin tetrabutyrate=1: 1 : 0.1 : 0.05) was evaluated in both sexes of Sprague-Dawley rats, 6weeks old by the oral route of administration. DWP305 was not considered to induce any toxic effect on the rats in mortalities, clinical findings, body weights and gross findings. It is suggested that LD$_{50}$ value in rats would be above 5 g/kg in the oral administration. Subacute toxicity of DWP305 was examined in Sprague-Dawley rats. Four groups of rats were administered orally at doses of 0, 0.32, 0.8, and 2.0 g/kg/day of DWP305 for one month. Any significant toxic clinical symptom was not observed in the treated rats during the experimental period. Macroscopic examination on the organs of tested animals showed no abnormal findings. On autopsy, no significant changes were found in organs examined. Maximum tolerated dose of DWP305 for the rat was estimated to be above 2 g/kg in this study.y.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.5041-5045
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• 2016

Background: Patients with recurrent or progressive lung cancer experience a significant symptom burden, negatively affecting quality of life and reducing life expectancy. Thoracic re-irradiation can be used for palliative treatment to relieve symptoms or as a curative treatment. Methods: Using patient charts, we identified and reviewed 28 cases that had received palliative thoracic re-irradiation for recurrent lung cancer. Results: Before re-irradiation, 32% of patients had stage III non-small cell lung cancer and six had small cell lung cancer. The median interval between treatments was 18.7 months. Median follow-up was 31.2 months from the initial radiotherapy and 5 months after re-irradiation. A better performance status before re-irradiation (<80 vs >80, p=0.09) and a lower overlap 90% isodose (<70 vs >70, p=0.09) showed trends toward improved survival. Grade 1-2 toxicity from re-irradiation was recorded in 12/28 patients, and no grade 3 or 4 acute toxicity was encountered. Conclusion: The role of palliative treatment in survival is not clear but it can provide symptomatic relief in patients, with no high grade toxicity. Further studies with greater patient numbers and longer follow-up times should facilitate determination of the role of this treatment in toxicity and effects on survival.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제19권1호통권32호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2006

This study is on Yoshimasu Todo's thought of medicines. Conclusions are as below. Medicines are poisons. Therefore, they don't have the ability to restore the vital energy. Medicine-processing(法製) can only be done for doubling the toxicity, since the poison itself is the very effect of a medicine. One poison has an ability to treat only one main symptom. If the poison strikes the main symptom right, it doesn't harm the human body. Since warm-heat-cool-cold(溫熱凉寒) of a medicine can't be known by human ability, it can't be used as the standard of judgment when selecting a medicine.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.132-137
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• 1997

Phytotoxicity of the culture filtrate and culture conditions for the production of the phytotoxin by Exserohilum monoceras 92-044 were examined. The necrotic lesions were developed on the leaves of Echinochloa crus-galli within 48 hrs after inoculation of the culture filtrate, and the leaves were completely blighted within 5∼7 days. Maximum toxicity was found in the culture broth containing 20% V-8 juice. Phytotoxin accumulation and fungal growth reached their highest peak at around 11 days. Typical symptom appeared on the leaf of E. crus-galli within 48 hrs. Only a weak chlorosis appeared on rice, Arundinella hirta (THUNB) and henry crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis SCOP.), but no further symptom developed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1255-1258
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• 2015

Background: Locally advanced head and neck cancer is generally incurable and has a short survival rate. This study aimed to evaluate symptom relief, disease response, and acute toxicity after palliative hypo-fractionated radiotherapy and long-term survival in affected patients. Materials and Methods: Between January 2011 to December 2011, 80 patients who were histopathologically diagnosed as having stage III or stage IV head and neck squamous cell carcinoma based on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 1-3, were offered palliative radiotherapy (20 Gy/5Fr/5 Days). Later these patients were evaluated on 30th day after completion of treatment for disease response based on World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria and palliation of symptoms using symptomatic response grading and acute toxicities by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG). Many patients were given post radiation therapy (RT) palliative chemotherapy for appropriate palliative care and a few patients were selected for further curative RT. The overall survival was also evaluated among this group of patients with last follow up date of 1st May, 2014. Results: The most common presenting complaint was pain followed by dysphagia. Most patients (60-70%) had appreciable relief in their presenting symptoms. A good response was observed in the majority following palliative RT; a few patients had progressive disease and some had stable and regressed disease. None of the patients experienced radiation toxicity that required hospital admission. Almost all showed grade one and two acute skin and mucosal toxicity one month after completion of treatment. The mean survival days for patients given only hypofractionated palliative RT was 307 days, those with post palliative RT and palliative chemotherapy was 390 days and patients who went on to receive further palliative RT and curative RT dose had significantly overall survival of 582 days. Conclusions: Advanced head and neck cancer should be identified for suitable palliative hypofractionated radiotherapy to achieve acceptable symptom relief in a great proportion of patients and should be followed by palliative chemotherapy or curative RT in suitable cases for long-term symptom-free survival.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.126-133
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• 2011

Objective: We report a case of non-specific Aconiti Tuber poison complaining only of severe peripheral neurotoxicity without cardiac dysfunction. Methods: The authors evaluated the symptom changes of a patient who was hospitalized in an Oriental hospital for fourteen days. The patient received acupuncture, herbal medicine, moxibustion and analgesics. Result: No abnormality in examination for cardiac function or biochemical parameters was present. The severity of pain and dysesthesia in lower extremities gradually receded during the period of treatment with herbal and western medicines. Conclusion: This study provides helpful information for treatment of Aconiti Tuber toxicity.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.105-109
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• 1989

Single dose of Hantabax, HFRS-vaccine, was given to both sexes of Sprague-Dawley rats and ICR mice, subcutaneously and intraperitoneally. Any toxic symptom was not noted in the treated animals. Macroscopic examination on the organs of tested animals showed no abnormal findings. In general toxicological aspects Hantabax was practically nontoxic in rats and mice upto a single dose of 1000 times of human clinical dose equivalent via subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration.