• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.19-25
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• 2021

Before COVID-19, tourist destinations have experienced problems with congestion of both famous tourist attractions and public transportation. Over-tourism is not an issue at this time, but it is likely to rekindle after the COVID-19 pandemic ends. One method of mitigating over-tourism is to estimate tourist behavior using a tourist transition model and consequently adjust public transportation operations. In this study, we propose a construction method for a model of tourist transitions among tourist attractions based on tourist GPS trajectory data. We construct tourist transition models using actual trajectory data for tourists staying in the vicinity of Kyoto City. The results verify the model performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.7
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• pp.1-16
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to study and understand the foreign tourist market's preferences and purchasing behaviors of Korean. Especially this study seeks to achieve this purpose by classifying the preferences and purchasing behaviors by nationality into general product. To confirm this research objective, data was collected with questionnaire method along with literature research. Targeting tourists from Japan, America, and China, the questionnaire survey examined their preferences for general color and design as well as the differences and commonality of their purchasing behaviors. As a result of examining foreign tourists' awareness of traditional tourist souvenir, the significant difference was shown by each country. Also, as for the purchasing behavior and preference for foreign tourists' traditional tourist souvenir, results indicated that Americans consider the element of geographical significance and value more than other groups of tourists. Resultantly, people have a different taste of souvenir in color, design, transform and so on by nationality.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.17-22
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• 2021

Purpose: Covid-19 has caused an unprecedented situation for the tourism industry with slumping demand during the outbreak and many uncertainties about tourist behavior in the post-pandemic. This study is aimed to discover the distribution in the behavior of tourists in Vietnam, whose government has taken serious and early actions towards the health crisis and among the earliest to reopen the economy. Research design, data, and methodology: We adopted a mixed-method approach - combining qualitative interviews with quantitative research using a questionnaire survey. Through the form of the online survey through social networking channels: Facebook, Gmail. The study received 261 valid responses for analysis. Multivariate analysis techniques were used: descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Results: From the data and result of EFA, the result showed that the distribution of tourist behavior could be grouped into four main factors, including (1) the general impacts, (2) travel-related behaviors; (3) attitudes and preferences regarding modes of tours and destinations; (4) awareness of safety and hygiene. Conclusions: These results highlighted the importance of the theory of perceived risks in explaining the travelers' prudent decisions. In addition, this study provides practical implications for policymakers and various stakeholders of Vietnam's tourism industry in formulating the recovery strategy.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.744-755
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• 2022

This study sought to verify the shopping values that tourists pursue by purchasing at travel destinations based on tourists' motivation and identify the effects of these values on the types of fashion items preferred by tourists. Furthermore, this study verified the tourist shopping behavior of three Asian countries-Korea, China, and Japan-from a cross-cultural perspective. To obtain a sample that represents tourist shoppers in each country, a survey was conducted on adult men and women in their 20s to 60s, and 986 subjects were collected: 300 Koreans, 385 Chinese, and 301 Japanese. Factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and multigroup SEM were performed on the collected data using SPSS Statistics and AMOS. Based on escaping-seeking theory, tourist intentions were divided into escaping and seeking motivations, and tourist shopping values were divided into functional, emotional, and social. The shopping items were divided into materials and experiential goods to understand the difference between the types preferred by tourists according to the perceived value. In addition, differences in tourist shopping behaviors according to the three nationalities were identified. The findings illustrate that the escaping motive affects emotional and social values, whereas the seeking motive affects all three. Moreover, it was confirmed that functional and emotional values affect preference for material and experiential goods, but social value only affects preference for material goods. For the cross-cultural study, differences in tourist shopping behavior according to nationality were identified.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.456-464
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• 2017

These days, the sports industry and related industries are growing very fast due to active sports participation. Recently, tourism products that integrate tourism with sport have already appeared. The products include tourism behavior, such as sports activities, sports spectating, and visiting sports memorial halls and museums, etc. This study examined the relationship among the tourist behavior, sports spectating factors, and team association components. Based on the theoretical study, a field survey was performed by questionnaires. The sports spectating factors and team association components have a slight influence on the tourist behavior after analysis using the SPSS program. The implications are as follows. First, sports teams should make efforts not only on the team's win at the sports game, but also to develop marketing strategies about the sports complex, and star players of their team. Second, sports teams have to develop tourist products that collaborate with the local tourism industry linked to tourist attractions, accommodations, souvenir shop, and entertainment facilities for sports spectators.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.213-224
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• 1998

Theoretically and practically, it is very important to understand the way which tourist satisfaction is operated. The purpose of this study is to identify interaction among the determinants of tourist satisfacton process. A model of tourist satisfactioin process is developed based based on the confirmation / disconfirmation which is originated from consumer behavior literature. Three elements of the model include 'expectation','performance', and 'discrepancy between expectation and performance'. 340 questionnaires were delivered to find Everland visitors' perceptions of the determinants of tourist satisfaction. LISREL 8.14 was used to analyze the interaction among the determinants. The results are as follows : 1) 'expectation' has indirect effect on tourist satisfaction while 'performance' and 'discrepancy' has direct effect on the tourist satisfaction, 2) two precedent variables such as 'expectation' and 'performance' have indirect effect on the satisfaction through 'discrepancy',3) among the three determinants it is found that 'performance' is the most effective determinant of tourist satifaction, and 4) the model which was composed from the aspect of 'travel cost' was more effective to describing tourist satisfacton rather that from the aspect of 'service quality'.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.43-56
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• 2020

Purpose - This study is regarding customer service environment in casino marketing under a study on the factors affecting casino tourist satisfaction based on casino tourists' various needs. Research design and methodology - The study of casino tourism policy factors is proceeded by interviewing tourists of Macao casino. A total of 220 copies were distributed and 193 copies were collected, but 13 copies were not conceded due to insincere responses, and a total of 180 cases were analyzed for this study. Based on the analysis results, the casino tourism policy factors were derived through satisfaction level of casino tourist service as follows. Results - Firstly, the casino tourist satisfaction is a positive influence on casino visits, so efforts should be made to enhance tourist satisfaction when establishing cultural experience programs and casino marketing strategies. Casino culture for tourist should be matured to develop casino tour. In order to increase the satisfaction level of revisiting casino resorts, various cultural products such as clean environment should be developed to enhance the satisfaction level of casino visitors in the future. Secondly, a positive impact of cultural, experiential visits and psychological motivations affect to tourists' psychological stability through cultural experiences as well as casino games. Thirdly, casino tourist satisfaction has been shown to provide a positive impact on behavior intention. Conclusions - Based on the results of this research, the marketing of casino tour is to identify tourists' needs and increase satisfaction.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.161-172
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• 2017

The purposes of this study were to examine if a decision making by a tourist sequentially or hierarchically occurs in a tourism destination and to test determinants that have an effect on both a sequential and non-sequential decision making. An instrument for the study was developed with three steps. A total of 420 and 380 questionnaire were collected respectively for the first two round surveys. For the third step, a pilot test was conducted with 30 respondents. And the data analysis utilized SPSS 18.0. A logistic regression analysis with variables of tourism activity and demography was employed to investigate the factors that affect a sequence of decision-making process. As an important result, the higher the age of the tourist in a tourism destination, the more conspicuous the consumption expenditure is made through the sequential decision-making process. Additionally, it is unreasonable to apply the premises and assumptions in extant consumer behavior to tourist behavior. The process of decision making by tourists in tourism areas is driven by either non-sequential or non-hierarchical decision-making process. More discussion and implications were provided.

• Journal of Applied Tourism Food and Beverage Management and Research
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• v.10
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• pp.139-158
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• 1999

This study is concerned with analysis of user satisfaction for travel behavior. It is aimed at investigating the socioeconomic characteristics, motivation, and use pattern of the visitors at tour. For tourists' perception and preference analysis, multi-dimensional scaling was used. It is left that this type of marketing analysis of tourism and travel offers great potentional for those concerned with the developement and management of tourist vacation areas. First, the study demanstrated clearly that different tourist and portential visitors to a tourist area seek different benefit bundles from their vacation in a particular tourist areas. Second, it demonstrated that a benefit segmentation approach to tourism and travel would be the most effective that the demographic segmentation approach usually pursued in the tourism and travel industry. Form a methodological viewpoint, it has demonstrated an application of multidimensional scaling techniques to marketing in an important industry.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.250-263
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• 2021

This study tries to understand the Infectious disease recognition and perceived risk of the COVID19 of air traveller on risk reduction behavior and tourist destination switching intention. The study method was to conduct a online survey research targeting air travelers with airline experience within a year. The empirical survey was conducted between Jun 2 and Jun 24, 2021, and 250 valid questionnaires were analyzed. data analysis was conducted using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 23.0 the hypothesis was tested through structural equation modeling. First, Infectious disease recognition of the COVID19 has effect on perceived risk and risk reduction behavior. Second, perceived risk of the COVID19 has effects risk reduction behavior, but has no effect on tourist destination switching intention. Third, risk reduction behavior has effect on tourist destination switching intention. The findings has significant implications for infectious disease recognition and perceived risk of the COVID19, risk reduction behavior, tourist destination switching intention and academic researchers. This study has shown that infectious disease recognition of the COVID19 is critical for preventing the spread of infectious diseases.