• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.31-40
• /
• 2021

This study describes the effects of a thrust labyrinth seal applied to the backside of a centrifugal impeller on the axial thrust force for high speed turbomachinery. The bulk flow model using Neumann's equation calculates the seal cavity pressures and leakage flow rate of the thrust labyrinth seal based on three configurations: teeth-on-rotor (TOR), teeth-on-stator (TOS), and interlocking labyrinth seal (ILS). Prediction results show that the ILS is superior to the TOR and TOS in terms of leakage flow rate. A mathematical model of a centrifugal impeller with a thrust labyrinth seal on its backside calculates the force components corresponding to the impeller inlet, shroud, impeller backside outer, backside seal, and backside inner pressures. A summation of the force components renders the total axial thrust force acting on the centrifugal impeller. The Newton-Raphson numerical scheme iteratively calculates the pressures and leakage flow rate through the impeller wall gap. The prediction results reveal that the leakage flow rate and total axial thrust force increase with rotor speed, and the ILS significantly decreases the leakage flow rate, whereas it slightly increases the axial thrust force when compared to TOR and TOS. Increasing the seal clearance causes an increase in the leakage flow rate and a slight decrease in the axial thrust force with the ILS.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제64권4호
• /
• pp.537-544
• /
• 2015

This paper provided two types of design method on moving core type LOA and one type of design method on moving coil type LOA, and compared and examined each of its characteristics. In order to conduct parametric design process, voltage equation was used to schematize Lmin/K and L/M map, and the schematized map was used to determine Lmin, K or L, M. In order to meet requirements such as thrust force and input voltage and to satisfy the target values of Lmin, K or L, M, the types and sizes of each type were designed using geometry design process. 2-FEA was conducted for each of the designed model. After examining thrust force based on the location of the mover, Type-1 showed radical change in thrust force as movers moved, and Type-2 and Type-3 showed constant appearance of thrust force. The total volume of the designed LOA model was compared to select the model with highest thrust force density. Also, the weight of the mover for each model was compared in order to select the model that was predicted to have highest mechanical responsiveness and stroke characteristics.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 전력전자학회 2001년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.18-21
• /
• 2001

This paper describes the method of vibration supprssion on a control algorithm using Neuro-Fuzzy Theory in Linear Pulse Motor (LPM). The total thrust force Is distorted by magnetic and coil flux, and we classify the harmonic parts of it. A modulated current from harmonic components of static thrust characteristics of LPM compensates with reference current to total thrust force. Low vibration is obtatained by the method of current compensation using ANFIS.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.15-23
• /
• 2006

지진시 중력식 안벽에 작용하는 하중성분은 벽체 관성력, 토압 그리고 수압으로 구성되어 있는데 이러한 하중성분은 배면지반의 밀도, 자갈 뒤채움 등 배면지반 조건에 큰 영향을 받게 된다. 그러므로, 본 연구에서는 배면지반의 다짐정도, 자갈 뒤채움재의 설치여부를 달리한 총 4가지 배면지반 조건에 대한 진동대 실험을 수행한 후, 중력식안벽에 작용하는 벽체 관성력, 수압 그리고 배면토압의 크기와 위상관계를 분석하였다. 그 결과 자갈 뒤채움과 지반 다짐이 과잉간극수압 발생을 억제하는데 효과적이며, 배면 동적작용력의 크기와 위상은 과잉간극수압의 크기에 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 입력가속도 진폭이 0.1g 일때 전체하중에서 관성력, 전면동적수압 그리고 배면 작용력이 차지하는 비율은 각각 $64\%,\;21\%$ 그리고 $16\%$로 나타났으며 과잉간극수압의 크기가 증가함에 따라 전체합력에서 배면작용력이 차지하는 비율이 증가하였다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2011년도 제37회 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.116-121
• /
• 2011

SITVC 시스템의 이차분사 노즐 분사 조건 변화에 따른 시스템 성능 변화를 수치적으로 연구하였다. 해석에 사용된 형상은 3차원 종형 수축-팽창 노즐이고 측면에 8개의 이차분사 노즐을 가진다. 노즐 내부 유동은 전압이 70bar이며 300K의 cold flow로 가정하였다. 이차 유동의 유량 변화와 노즐 작동 조건 변화를 고려하였다. 상용코드인 Ansys Fluent v.13을 통해 해석하였고, 난류모델은 Spalart-Allmaras model(1- equation)를 사용하였다. 충격파의 수치적 진동을 막고 충격파의 불연속성을 잘 해석하기 위해 AUSM+ scheme을 사용하였다. Axial thrust, side force, system specific impulse ratio 와 같은 성능 변수를 사용해 시스템 성능을 평가하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.473-477
• /
• 2005

This paper presents a highly efficient HDD (Hard Disk Drive) spindle motor with a passive magnetic thrust bearing and a fluid dynamic journal bearing and its effectiveness is verified through experiment. It eliminates the mechanical friction loss of a thrust bearing which is around 18% of total power consumption of a 3.5' HDD spindle motor, by replacing a conventional fluid dynamic thrust bearing with a passive magnetic thrust bearing. The passive magnetic thrust bearing using permanent magnets is inherently unstable in radial direction. However, the radial fluid dynamic force of the fluid dynamic journal bearing counterbalances the radial magnetic force of magnetic thrust bearing to achieve the stability as the motor spins up. It has less or equivalent runout and less flying height than the conventional spindle motor.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
• /
• 제55권11호
• /
• pp.547-554
• /
• 2006

The detent force of a permanent magnet linear motor(PMLM) consists of the end force and cogging force, and should be reduced for high precision purpose applications. The cogging force comes from the electromagnetic interaction between the permanent magnets and interior teeth(or the slots) of the stator, and of which the magnitude depends on the ratio of the numbers of the armature and permanent magnet poles as well as the geometrical shape of the permanent magnet and armature pole. In order to reduce the cogging force of a PMLM, this paper proposes a new configuration which has 9 permanent magnet poles and 10 armature winding slots. By theoretical investigation of the principle of cogging force generation and simulating using finite element method, the proposed PMLM configuration is proven to give much less cogging force than the conventional configuration which has 8 permanent magnet poles and 12 armature winding slots. A proper winding algorithm, modified (A, A, A) winding method, for the proposed configuration is also suggested when the proposed PMLM is operating as a 3 phase synchronous machine. A theoretical and numerical calculation shows that the proposed configuration makes slightly bigger back-emf and thrust force under same exciting current and total number of winding turns condition.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제57권4호
• /
• pp.589-595
• /
• 2008

Detent force of a permanent magnet linear motor(PMLSM) consist of cogging and drag forces, and should be minimized for high precision control purpose applications. This paper shows that the cogging force can be reduced effectively by employing 9 pole 10 slot structure. The drag force is minimized by optimizing the total length and shape of the exterior teeth of armature core simultaneously by using($1+{\lambda}$) evolution strategy coupled with response surface method. After optimization, the optimized PMLSM is proven to reduce 95% and 92.6% of the cogging and total detent forces, respectively, and give 12% and 6.4% higher Back-emf and thrust force, respectively, compared with a conventional 12 pole 9 slot structure under the same condition. Additionally, Simulation results by the proposed optimum design are verified by the experiment results.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제31권6D호
• /
• pp.839-848
• /
• 2011

TBM(Tunnel Boring Machine) 터널은 굴진 도중 장비의 교체나 개조 등은 불가능하기 때문에 굴진 종료 시까지 투입된 장비로 굴진하여야만 한다. 특히 토압식 쉴드TBM은 막장관찰이 어려우므로 굴진 중에 수집된 자료를 분석하여 지반상태의 변화를 예측하고 이를 시공에 반영하여야한다. 지금까지의 TBM에 대한 연구는 굴착 대상이 되는 지반의 특성에 따른 장비선정 및 굴진속도 예측모델 개발이 주로 이루어져왔다. 그러나 굴착의 주체가 되는 TBM 장비의 굴진자료에 의한 지반상태의 추정 및 운전방법의 개선에 초점을 맞춘 연구는 그리 많이 수행되지 않았다. 본 연구는 토압식 쉴드TBM 시공 사례에서 얻은 굴진자료를 활용하여 투입된 장비의 운전조건에 따른 굴진속도의 변화와 최적 운전조건에 대해 알아보았다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 커터헤드의 회전속도와 총추력이 굴진속도에 가장 큰 영향을 주며 둘째, 적정한 굴진속도를 위해서는 최적 회전속도를 유지하면서 총추력을 조정하는 것이 좋으며 셋째, 총추력의 증가 추세에 따라 지반조건의 변화에 대한 예측이 가능하여 이에 따라 적절한 운전조건의 변경을 결정할 수 있다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.590-595
• /
• 2006

This paper presents the friction and anti-wear characteristics of nano-oil with a mixture of a refrigerant oil and carbon nano-particles in the thrust slide-bearing of scroll compressors. Frictional loss in the thrust slide-bearing occupies a large part of total mechanical loss in scroll compressors. The characteristics of friction and anti-wear using nano-oil are evaluated using the thrust bearing tester for measuring friction surface temperature and the coefficient of friction at the thrust slide-bearing as a function of normal loads up to 4,000 N and orbiting speed up to 3,200 rpm. It is found that the coefficient of friction increases with decreasing orbiting speed and normal force. The friction coefficient of carbon nano-oil is 0.015, while that of pure oil is 0.023 under the conditions of refrigerant gas R-22 at the pressure of 5 bars. It is believed that carbon nano-particles can be coated on the friction surfaces and the interaction of nano-particles between surfaces can be improved the lubrication in the friction surfaces. Carbon nano-oil enhances the characteristics of the anti-wear and friction at the thrust slide-bearing of scroll compressors.