• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.161-168
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• 2014

The optimal solution of minimum cost for aircraft landing problem(ALP) is very difficult problem because the approached aircraft are random time interval. Therefore this problem has been applied by various meta heuristic methods. This paper suggests O(nlog n) polynomial time heuristic algorithm to obtain the optimal solution for ALP. This algorithm sorts the target time of aircraft into ascending order. Then we apply the optimization of change the landing sequence take account of separation time and the cost of landing. For the Airland1 through Airland8 of benchmark data of ALP, we choose 25 data until the number of runway m that the total landing cost is 0. We can be obtain the optimal solution for all of the 25 data. Especially we can be improve the known optimal solution for m = 1of Airland8.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.428-442
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• 1996

Stomatitis is a common toxicity associated with the administration of certain cancer chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of malignant tumors. It represents one of the most distressing side effects of cancer chemotherapy and can interfere with the patient's ability to eat, be the cause of much pain and discomfort, and require the use of potent analgesics. The situation also creates favorable conditions for local infection which may lead to septicemia. Several authors have identified the need to establish protocols for the control and treatment of the oral discomfort associated with oral mucositis as a result of chemotherapy. Thus this study attempted to development of oral care protocol for chemotherapy patients. The effects of the mouth care using sterile normal saline, nystatine solution on oral stomatitis were investigated in 30 patients on chemotherapy. The subsect were divided into three groups : control group : not gargling experimental group A : normal saline gargling (4 times a day) experimental group B : nystatine solution gargling(4 times a day) The Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) was used to assess oral status three times(once in the prechemotherapy period, on 5th, 10th day of post chemotherapy) Oral culture was used to assess oral infection on 5th day of postchemotherapy. Data was analyzed on SAS program which used repeated ANOVA, t-test, X/sup²test. The results are as follows : 1. The incidence of stomatitis was higher in the control group and experimental group A than in experimental group B.（X/sup²＝0.002 P＝0.001）. The grade of stomatitis(mean of total score) for patients in the experimental group B were significantly lower than in the experimental group A F＝1.96 P＝0.0024）. In incidence of tongue change, control group, experimental group B were significantly higher than experimental group B（F＝6.84 P＝0.0039）. In control group and experimental group A. oral infection due to pathogenic bacteria were identified. In conclusion, mouth care with nystatine solution four times a day could reduce the incidence of stomatitis and secondary oral infection due to stomatitis. Thus active mouth care protocol which used to nystatine solution gargling need to prevention of stomatitis in chemotherapy patients.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.3374-3383
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• 2011

In this study, numerical analyses for slamming impact phenomena have been carried out using a 2-dimensional wedge shaped structure having finite deadrise angles. Fluid is assumed incompressible and entry speed of the structure is kept constant. Geo-reconstruct(or PLIC-VOF) scheme is used for the tracking of the deforming free surface. Numerical analyses are carried out for the deadrise angles of $10^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$. For each deadrise angle, variations are made for the grid size on the wedge bottom and for the entry speed. The magnitude and the location of impact pressure and the total drag force, which is the summation of pressure distributed at the bottom of the structure, are analyzed. Results of the analyses are compared with the results of the Dobrovol'skaya similarity solutions, the asymptotic solution based on the Wagner method and the solution of Boundary Element Method(BEM).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1066-1075
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• 1996

To compare the efficacy of cardiac preservation, we examined purine metabolites during 24 hours of cold storage($0^{\circ}C$) of the Korean ongrel dog hearts after using three different types of cardioplegic solutions. The hypothermic arrest with total cardiopulmonAry bypass method was employed in 51. Thomas solution(575) and blood cardioplegic solution(BCPS) preservation cases. Specimens were analyzed for levels of adenine nucleotides and their precursors by high performance liquid chromatography. The ATP content in the UW(University of Wisconsin) solution group tends to be higher than that of the combined hypothermic arrest group(575 and BCPS groups) after 2,4,8, and 12 hours of preservation respectively, but there were no significant differences between 575 and BCPS groups. The ADP contents in the UWS and BCPS groups were higher than that of the 575 group at 4,8, 12, and 24 hours, but the difference was not statistically significant between UWS and BCPS groups. The AMP contents did not change significantly in the three groups. The adenosine, Inosine, and hypoxanthine concentrations increased progressively, but the lev l of xanthine was very low in the three groups.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.502-509
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• 1997

Aromatic pollutants(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes) were photodegraded by using a UV oxidation and the rates of degradation were investigated under various reaction conditions. Each of the solution containing 50 ppm benzene, 150 ppm ethylbenzene and 250 ppm xylenes was found UV-photodegraded over 90% in 1 hour of reaction time, wheras the only was 43 % degradation was obtained with 350 ppm toluene solution. A single component solution was more degradable than a mixed component solution and benzene was almost photodegraded at a pH 4.0, 6.4 and 10.0 after reaction time is 1 hr, ehtylbenzene was photodegraded about 92%(pH 4.0), 90%(pH 6.4) and 91%(pH 10.0), xylenes was photodegraded about 95%(pH 4.0), 90%(pH 6.4) and 92%(pH 10.0), but toluene was photodegraded about 80%(pH 4.0), 43%(pH 6.4) and 70%(pH 10.0), respectively. Kinetics studies show that the rate of decay in TOC(total organic carbon) were pseudo first-order rate except ethylbenzene, and then we could evaluate mineralization rate constants(k) of aromatics.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2013

This study was carried out to find out the optimum method of preparation of indigo standard solution and its stability, and to investigate the indigo contents in Niram, blue dye extract, from a total of 7 indigo plants and 34 breeding lines of Persicaria tinctoria H. Gross. Proper solvent for indigo standard was dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and appropriate concentration was 1 mg of indigo in 10 mL of DMSO. Absorbance value of UV/Vis Spectrophotometer at 620 nm of standard solution was changed decreasingly 12 hours after the preparation of standard solution irrespective of the storage conditions such as temperature and light. Average value of absorbance of 8-fold diluted standard solutions prepared daily during 16 days was $0.210{\pm}0.005$, indicating the powder of indigo compound was stable chemically. Calibration curve was made for quantitative analysis of indigo of 7 Niram samples, and indigo contents ranged from 0.69% to 18.76% showing relatively larger variation. Across all 34 breeding lines, the range of indigo content was from 7.9 mg to 56.4 mg per 100 g of fresh leaves, averaging 25.2 mg of indigo content and showing a 47.7% coefficient of variation.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.63-75
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• 1997

This study aims to find out the devices to minimize the amount of nitrate ingested from kimchi, the main way of vegetable intake for Koreans, and the basic data to deliver to calculate the total daily intake for Korean, investigating the year-round changes of nitrate content in vegetables for Kimche raw material, and changes of nitrate content by salting of chinese cabbage, and stewed kimchi through the use of different cooking methods. The results obtained were summarized as follow: over between 205-6655mg/kg f.w. in chinese cabbage, 480-3970mg/kg f.w. in chinese radish, 157-5820mg/kg f.w. in lettuce and 29-520mg/kg f.w. in cucumber respectively. Therefore it was strongly adviced to introduce the nitrate limit value of vegetables in Korea if the nitrate content in Kimchi should be reduced to meet the nitrate ADI(Acceptable Daily Intake, 219mg60kg b.w) of FAO.WHO, because the nitrate content in Kimchi reflects the nitrate content in vegetables. In order to keep the low nitrate content in Kimchi. it was adviced to remove the outer leaf which contains 2-3 times higher nitrate content compare to the inner leaf at the time of preparation, i.e. chinese cabbage, before the soaking treatment in salt solution for Kimchi making process. The dehydration by soaking treatment in salt solution occurred at 0.9%~4.7% in leaf midrib and more than 13%~24% in leaf blade. The nitrate content after soaking in salt solution was increased 107%~123% compared with before soaking, increasing rates of nitrate content in the outer and inner leaf midrib were higher than those in leaf blade. The increase of nitrate content in salt solution after soaking due to the dehydration of chinese cabbage by soaking treatment. The Kimchi stew(Kimchi JJige) was processed with and without animal oil, but the amount of nitrate in kimchi stew did not decrease both treatments, but it increased after the processing since the water in Kimchi stew has got low by boiling.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.636-652
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• 2018

The study aims to determine the optimum sterilization rate and water activity of Chinese traditional smoke-cured bacon product (Larou) in the preservation with natural coating solution. With the response surface methodology (RSM), we analyzed 3 factors of processing conditions (the concentration of lysozyme, concentration of sodium alginate, and concentration of chitosan) and 2 response factors (sterilization rate and water activity). Sterilization rate and water activity of Larou were largely affected by the concentration of lysozyme, concentration of sodium alginate, and concentration of chitosan. The final optimum concentrations of lysozyme, sodium alginate, and chitosan were 0.09, 1.40, and 1.60% and realized the high sterilization rate. Water activity of sliced Larou was significantly correlated with the sterilization rate. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance analysis verified the optimum processing conditions. The coating resulted in 99.69% rate of reducing bacteria after 30-day storage. The data of the total number of colony, peroxidation value, moisture content, pH, and sensory evaluation provided the theoretical basis for extending the shelf life of Chinese traditional smoke-cured bacon product (Larou) with natural coating solution.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.1716-1729
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• 2010

In this paper, we deal with a hierarchical ring-mesh optical network design problem. The objective is to minimize the total cost of optical add-drop multiplexers (OADMs) handling intra-ring traffic, optical cross-connects (OXCs) handling inter-ring traffic, and cabling cost among OADMs and among OXCs, while satisfying intra-ring and inter-ring capacities. We develop an integer programming (IP) formulation for the problem and devise some cutting planes that partially break the symmetry of rings. Dealing with the inherent computational complexity of the problem, we devise an effective heuristic procedure that finds a good quality feasible solution within reasonable computing times. Computational results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed solution procedure; the developed symmetry breaking inequalities significantly reduce the computing time to find an optimal solution for small size problems, and the heuristic procedure finds a better feasible solution than that CPLEX, a commercial optimization software, finds for large size problems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.118-125
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• 1999

Effects of adding of Angelica keiskei Koidz flour on the quality characteristics of bread were inves tigated. The content of total dietary fiber was 31.89% in flour of Angelica keiskei Koidz leaf and 43.37 % in that of stem. The content of insoluble dietary fiber increased by blanching, but those of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber increased by steeping in NaCl solution. In the results of sensory evaluation of Angelica keiskei Koidz flour, leaf steeped in NaCl solution and blanched stem showed good overall preference. With the addition of Angelica keiskei Koidz flour, water binding capacity and loaf weight increased, while the loaf volume decreased. The loaf volume of bread added with leaf steeped in NaCl solution and blanched stem were higher than those added with natural Angelica keiskei Koidz flour. The lightness and redness values decreased with the increase of Angelica keiskei Koidz flour content in bread but yellowness values increased. In the texture analyzer measurement for bread added with Angelica keiskei Koidz flour, hardness and springiness somewhat increased, while cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness decreased. As the results of sensory evaluation of bread added with Angelica keiskei Koidz flour, the score of the breads added with 5% leaf steeped in NaCl solution and 5%, 10% blanched stem were somewhat lower than those of control bread. In terms of rate of addition of Angelica keiskei Koidz flour, the bread added with leaf at 5% level, natural stem at 5% level and stem by blanching at 5%, 10% level had good overall preference.