• 한방비만학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.52-68
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the weight loss effects of auricular acupuncture in obese patients. Methods: Six databases (Research Information Sharing Service [RISS], Korean studies Information Service System [KISS], Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS], PubMed, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI]) were searched up to May 20, 2020. Eight eligible randomized controlled trials were included the present study. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool and a meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager software. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model and a subgroup analysis was performed to detect the sources of heterogeneity, identify the selection of acupuncture methods and explore its contributions to the weight loss effects. Results: Among 8 trials, 5 trials used auricular acupuncture and 2 trials used auricular acupressure, 1 trial used both types of intervention. Most commonly selected acupoints were Shenmen (TF4) and stomach (CO4). Treatment duration was six to twelve weeks, and total treatment session was six to twelve. Compared to the control groups, auricular acupuncture significantly decreased body weight, body mass index (BMI), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL) and ghrelin. For the selection of acupuncture methods, both methods performed similarly in most outcome except waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BFP), and triglycerides (TG). Conclusions: We found that auricular acupuncture can be effective for weight loss and controlling appetite. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution due to heterogeneity. So further vigorous and well-designed studies should be conducted to strengthen the evidence of the use of auricular acupuncture for obesity.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.45-68
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• 2020

Objectives : This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of manual and electroacupuncture on glaucoma. Method : We searched 11 electronic databases using index words to identify randomized clinical trials. Meta-analysis of weighted mean difference (WMD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) were used to evaluate the outcomes. Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias in each clinical study. The collected data was analyzed using RevMan software (ver. 5.3). Results : At the initial stage of data retrieval, 549 papers were searched. After reviewing 37 full texts, a total of 10 RCT studies (426patients, 715 eyes) were selected and 8 RCT studies (357 people, 617 eyes) were involved in meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of 8 RCTs showed that acupuncture alone was more effective in reducing intraocular pressure(IOP) than conventional treatment (WMD = -5.73, 95% CI: [-12.30, 0.83], P = 0.09, I² = 97%) The combination of acupuncture or electroacupuncture with conventional treatment was also effective in lowering IOP (WMD = -1.84, 95% CI: [-2.31, -1.37], P <0.00001, I² = 45%). It was estimated that the combination of acupuncture with conventional treatment was also effective for improving visual field (VF) (WMD = -2.17, 95% CI: [-4.32, -0.02], P = 0.05, I² = 89%) but improvement in visual acuity (VA) was not significant (MD = 0.06, 95% CI: [-0.03, 0.15], P = 0.23, I² = 0%). Subgroup analyzes were performed only for the studies that used open glaucoma as the study's disease and combination of acupuncture or electroacupuncture with conventional therapy would have an effect on lowering intraocular pressure (WMD = -1.68)., 95% CI: [-2.46, -0.90], P <0.0001, I² = 29%). Conclusion : This study suggests that acupuncture treatment for glaucoma may be effective in reducing intraocular pressure and helpful in improving visual field defects. However, due to the small sample size, high risk of bias and high heterogeneity in the methodology, it is expected that further studies will be needed to verify the results. Further studies in large-scale samples based on a minimized biased methodology would be necessary.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.255-274
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• 2015

본 연구는 교육 연구용 전자출판물에 대한 이용자의 현재 사용 경험과 실제 기기를 활용한 사용성을 평가하고, 개선사항을 심층 분석하기 위한 목적을 갖고 있다. 학부생과 대학원생 각 10명씩 총 20명을 임의 선정하고 심층면담 및 전자책 리더기 실험방식을 활용하여 연구를 진행하였다. 피실험자의 학술정보 이용 시 주관적인 선호사항을 분석한 결과 주제성과 이해가능성이 가장 중요한 학술정보 선택시의 고려사항으로 응답되었으며, 학술정보를 활용하는 주요 목표에 대해서 조사한 결과 가장 빈번한 목표는 과제수행, 논문작성 상황으로 조사되었다. 인쇄매체와 전자매체에 대한 사용자 경험을 분석한 결과, 전반적으로 인쇄매체에 대한 사용자 경험이 전자매체에 대한 사용자 경험이 더욱 긍정적이며, 학술정보를 활용하는 상황이기 때문에 전자매체 활용에 대한 부정적인 사용자 경험이 다수 존재하였다. 전자출판물 디바이스 사용성 평가 결과는 전체적으로는 하드웨어 평가(3.47)가 소프트웨어 평가(3.31)보다 높게 나타났다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2011

기후변화는 자연 및 농업생태계에 막대한 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이러한 기후변화 영향 평가를 위해 모형의 입력자료로서 예측된 기후자료가 사용되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 연구들은 자주 수행되지는 않기 때문에, 실제의 컴퓨터 자원들을 구축하거나 유지하지 않고 필요에 따라 자료처리를 하기 위해서는 가상적으로 다수의 운영체제를 구동할 수 있는 클라우드 컴퓨팅을 사용하는 것이 유용하다. 또한, 클라우드 컴퓨팅을 사용할 때 소프트웨어 라이센스를 필요로 하지 않는 오픈소스 지리분석용 소프트웨어를 사용하는 것이 유리하다. 예비실험에서, Amazon Web Service-Elastic Compute Cloud(EC2)를 사용하여 월 강우일수를 계산하였다. 총 70기가바이트에 이르는 일별 기후 예측 자료를 사용하여 자체 제작된 데이타베이스 처리 응용프로그램을 가상머신에서 처리하였다. 이 응용프로그램은 기후자료 처리와 데이타베이스 접속을 위해 오픈소스 라이브러리를 기반으로하여 제작되었다. 이 분석에서는 21세기 동안 전지구적으로 강우일수를 계산하기 위해 10대의 가상 클라이언트와 1대의 서버를 이용하여 약 170억개의 자료를 32시간 내에 처리하였다. 이번 연구 결과는 클라우드 컴퓨팅이 막대한 양의 자료 처리를 필요로하는 기후변화 영향평가 연구와 분석에 큰 도움이 될 수 있음을 보여 준다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.37-52
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• 2002

This study was made on the concerns and implementation of the ICT(Inormation and Communication Technology)-utilized lesson by home economics teacher. The objective of this study is to investigate the stages of concern and the level of use of the ICT-utilized lesson by home economics teachers in Kyunggi Province through the concerns based adoption model(CBAM) and to provide assistance for ICT-utilizing lesson to be efficiently adopted to home economics. This study made selected 200 schools by random sampling among 233 middle schools which have two or more home economic teachers and 21 or more classes in Kyunggi Province which has a total of 395 middle schools and mail-surveyed on 400 home economics teachers by means of questionnaire. The stages of concern. the levels of use and the types of implementation were used as instruments in this survey. The results of this study on the stages of concern. the levels of use and the type of implementation of the ICT-utilized lesson by home economics teachers in Kyunggi Province were as following: First. the highest point of the concern of home economics teachers of ICT-utilized lesson was the stage of awareness. the second highest point was the stage of management. the 3rd stage. and the stage of information. the lst stage. Second. the highest level of implementation of ICT-utilized lesson by home economics teachers was the level of mechanical use. the 3rd stage(30.4％), which followed by the level of orientation. the 1st stage(22.5％). and the level of nonuse(16.7％). the level of rountine use. the 4th stage(13.7％) the level of integration. the 5th stage(11.8％). the level of preparation 2(3.9％). and the level of renewal. the 6th stage(1.0％) Third, information search was the most in the type of ICT-use and in the course of lesson CD-ROM was used the most.. During ICT-utilized lesson. most of teachers used computer one to two hours a week mainly in the lessons of clothing life and eating life. Home economics teachers took the most training of how to use word-processor(68.6％) during computer education. and 60 teachers(66.0％) gave positive response about the effect of computer education on teacher's learning. Finally. the biggest problem with ICT-use in the teacher's learning was the long preparation time for lesson. and problem with ICT-utilized lesson was the burden of time and effort spent to buy needed materials and to recompose the existing materials for the lesson. Therefore. so as to adopt ICT-utilized lesson efficiently into school it is needed that active promotion for the lesson should be made to teachers. training teachers to raise their ability to use computer and various kinds of software should be expanded. and school authorities' financial and administrative assistance should be given for the smooth proceeding of the lesson.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.152-164
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• 2017

Background: Natural regeneration of seedlings as well as saplings of Korean fir has been significantly impacted by the browsing from the early stages of their development, potentially, by roe deer for the last two to three decades at the study site since late 1980s. This study was carried out to investigate current status of the disturbance in the seedling development of Korean fir (Abies koreana) on Mt. Hallasan, Jeju Island, Korea. Methods: Field survey was carried out during June and August in 2016 to measure the characteristics of study site and understory vegetation by applying systematic sampling to 125 plots of $5m{\times}5m$ quadrat located on eastern slope of the mountain. Correlation and regression analyses were applied to the variables quantified from the data sets using the SAS software. Results: No saplings with their diameters at breast heights smaller than 5.0 cm were found at the study site indicating the serious disturbance in the natural regeneration of Korean fir at the study site. No seedlings with their heights taller than 36.0 cm were found at the study site indicating even more serious disturbance during earlier stage of the natural regeneration of Korean fir at the study site. A total of 616 individuals of the seedlings of Korean fir were found at 54 out of 125 sampling plots. One hundred thirty-eight seedlings (22.4%) out of 616 individual seedlings have the vestiges for being grazed, potentially, by roe deer. Conclusions: Due considerations should be given to the effects of browsing of the seedlings by roe deer to promote the natural regeneration of Korean fir, ultimately to restore Korean fir. It is needed for the managers of the forest to install fences around the forest area. Exclosure experiments as well as enclosure experiments of different densities of browsing should be carried out. In addition, treatment with different densities of Jeju dwarf bamboo should also be included in the experiment on Mt. Hallasan National Park, Jeju Island, Korea.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2018

최근, 인공신경망 모델은 예측, 수치제어, 로봇제어, 패턴인식 등의 분야에서 촉망되는 기술이다. 본 연구에서는 인공신경망 모델을 이용하여 온실 외부 온도를 예측하고 이를 온실제어에 활용하는데 목적이 있다. 예측 모델의 성능 평가를 위해 다중회귀모델과 SVM 모델과의 비교분석을 수행하였다. 평가 방법으로는 10-Fold Cross Validation을 사용하였으며, 예측 성능 향상을 위해 상관관계분석 통해 데이터 축소를 수행하였고, 측정 데이터로부터 새로운 Factor 추출하여 데이터의 신뢰성을 확보하였다. 인공신경망 구축을 위해 Backpropagation algorithm을 사용하였으며, 다중회귀모델은 M5 method로 구축하였고, SVM 모델을 epsilon-SVM으로 구축하였다. 각 모델의 비교분석 결과 각각 0.9256, 1.8503과 7.5521로 나타났다. 또한 예측모델을 온실 난방부하 계산에 적용함으로써 온실에 사용되는 에너지 비용 절감을 통한 수입증대에 기여할 수 있다. 실험한 온실의 난방부하는 3326.4kcal/h이며, 총 난방시간이 $10000^{\circ}C/h$일 때 연료소비량은 453.8L로 예측된다. 아울러 데이터 마이닝 기술 중 하나인 인공신경망을 정밀온실제어, 재배기법, 수확예측 등 다양한 농업 분야에 적용함으로써 스마트 농업으로의 발전에 기여할 수 있다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.419-436
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• 2006

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore dental hygiene treatment fear and anxiety in dental patients. METHODS: The sample consisted of 466 dental patients who had received the dental hygiene treatment at 8 Dental Hospitals and Clinics in Daegu city between March and August 2006 studied. Dental hygienists recruited a questionnaire, which includes generalized anxiety sub-scale(4 items), specific fear sub-scale(5 items), distrust sub-scale(5 items), and catastrophic anxiety sub-scale(4 items). Minimum score is 1, and maximum score is 5. The research was designed to be a cross-sectional measured study. SAS statistical software was used for the analysis. The characteristics of the study sample were described by mean and standard deviation(SD) for continuous variables and by frequency and percentage for categorical variables. The Student's t-test and analysis of variance(ANOVA) were used to compare fear and anxiety score in demographic variables. A Pearson's correlation analysis was conducted for relationship among values of fear and anxiety for dental hygiene. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with fear and anxiety related with dental hygiene. RESULTS: A total of 466 dental patients were analyzed, their average age${\pm}$SD was $37.7{\pm}12.9$ years(range: 15-79 yr). The mean value for dental hygiene fear and anxiety was 2.70(generalized anxiety 2.65, specific fear 2.93, distrust anxiety 2.72, and catastrophic anxiety 2.42, respectively). There was a statistically significant difference in gender(p<0.05), 2.81 for women was higher than 2.55 for men(p=.0000). The older we are, the higher fear and anxiety for dental hygiene treatment were. that is, under age of 20 years 2.49, 20 years 2.59, 30 years 2.69, 40 years 2.77, 50 years 2.88, 60 years 2.69, and over age of 70 2.45, respectively(p=.0321). Factors related to dental hygiene treatment fear and anxiety by multiple regressions were gender(${\square}$=0.18, p=0.0001), age(${\square}$=.07, p=.0058), and the time when visits dentist recently(${\square}$=.07, p=.0058). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, gender, age and the time when visits dentist recently were significantly associated with dental hygiene treatment fear and anxiety. We recommend that further research should investigate a dental hygiene treatment fear and anxiety by using more follow-up study.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2008

This paper reports on a realtime OS based master-slave configuration robot control system for laparoscopic surgery robot which enables telesurgery and overcomes shortcomings with conventional laparoscopic surgery. Surgery robot system requires control system that can process large volume information such as medical image data and video signal from endoscope in real-time manner, as well as precisely control the robot with high reliability. To meet the complex requirements, the use of high-level real-time OS (Operating System) in surgery robot controller is a must, which is as common as in many of modem robot controllers that adopt real-time OS as a base system software on which specific functional modules are implemened for more reliable and stable system. The control system consists of joint controllers, host controllers, and user interface units. The robot features a compact slave robot with 5 DOF (Degree-Of-Freedom) expanding the workspace of each tool and increasing the number of tools operating simultaneously. Each master, slave and Gill (Graphical User Interface) host runs a dedicated RTOS (Real-time OS), RTLinux-Pro (FSMLabs Inc., U.S.A.) on which functional modules such as motion control, communication, video signal integration and etc, are implemented, and all the hosts are in a gigabit Ethernet network for inter-host communication. Each master and slave controller set has a dedicated CAN (Controller Area Network) channel for control and monitoring signal communication with the joint controllers. Total 4 pairs of the master/slave manipulators as current are controlled by one host controller. The system showed satisfactory performance in both position control precision and master-slave motion synchronization in both bench test and animal experiment, and is now under further development for better safety and control fidelity for clinically applicable prototype.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.260-267
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• 2019

In the present study, we aimed to demonstrate that MV2000-MT(SU:M2)^® (MV, MEK-ICS, Paju, Korea), a domestic ventilator, is not inferior in terms of usability, safety, and medical staff satisfaction as compared to Hamilton G5 (G5, Hamilton Medical AG, Rhäzuns, Switzerland). A total of 39 patients who applied MV (group M) or G5 (group H) were included in the study sample. Usability was evaluated by the following factors: the number of alarm errors, replacement requirement of breathing circuit, replacement requirement of a right-angle connector, and ease of ventilator weaning. For safety evaluation, the number of ventilator replacements due to malfunction of the ventilator was evaluated. Items for medical staff satisfaction survey were as follows: the number of MV and G5 uses, hardware, and software assessment. In the usability evaluation, the replacement requirement of the right-angle connector was lower in Group M than in Group H (mean ± standard deviation, Group M: 7.39 ± 6.72, Group H: 14.19 ± 10.24, p = 0.021); however, the evaluations of other parts were not significantly different between the two groups. The number of ventilator replacements due to a malfunction of the ventilator did not differ between two groups. The number of MV and G5 uses was 3.0 [3.0-4.0] and 10.0 [5.0-10.0] (median [interquartile range], p < 0.001). Overall, the mean medical staff satisfaction score of Hamilton G5 was higher than that of MV2000-MT(SU:M2)^®. The usability of MV is comparable to that of G5. However, medical staff satisfaction with Hamilton G5 was higher than that with MV2000-MT(SU:M2)^®, and this difference could be due to the difference in the number of uses. In order to improve the penetration rate of the domestic mechanical ventilator, it is necessary to find ways to increase familiarity of medical staff with domestic mechanical ventilators.