• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.197-226
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• 2005

Recently, internet as well as internet banking are growing rapidly. Most banks in Korea provide internet banking services for customers. Internet banking became a major trend in the financial marketplace. There are a few empirical research in this area. Although quality of internet banking service is an important concept, there is a lack of theory-based empirical research in this area. Therefore, this paper is aimed at finding whether service quality of internet banking influence customer satisfaction, and whether characteristic of internet banking user influence relationship between customer satisfaction and service quality of internet banking. Furthermore, this paper identify whether customer satisfaction influence customer loyalty. The research model proposed thirteen hypothesis and tested empirically. A total of 269 responses were received from internet banking users and analyzed. The analyses showed partial support for the affirmative effect of customer satisfaction and characteristic of internet banking user. But the relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty is significant. Implications of these findings are that internet banking sites should concentrate on providing a high quality of banking services; information, trust, ease of use, and security of system and thereby strengthen customer loyalty.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.211-228
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• 2017

Purpose This study proposes a research model based on Expectation-Confirmation theory in order to investigate impacts of three variables(expectation confirmation, social interaction, and perceived usefulness) on continuous intention to uss SNS in MICE industry. Design/methodology/approach A survey approach was used in order to measure each latent variable in the research model. A total of 140 responses were collected from actual users of SNS in MICE industry. A structural equation modeling with SmartPLS 2.0 was conducted in order to analyze each relationship in the proposed research model. Findings The results indicated the expectation confirmation had a positive impact on the perceived usefulness, social interaction, and satisfaction. Second, perceived usefulness had a significant positive impact on satisfaction and continuous intention to use SNS in MICE industry. Thrid, social interaction had a positive influence on both satisfaction and continuous intention to use SNS in MICE industry. Finally, the relationship between satisfaction and continuous intention in SNS of MICE industry was fully supported.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.509-522
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• 2009

This is a basic study to improve air quality of school classrooms in winter time. The purposes are to check indoor thermal and air environment in school classrooms during winter and to analyze influencing factors on indoor environment. The measurements of students' physical elements with questionnaire surveys were carried out in a total of 6 classrooms. As a result, this research shows that the temperature of one classroom was below indoor thermal standard level, three classrooms had lack of heat, and two classrooms are heated much, which induce relatively low humidity. All of 6 classrooms had lack of ventilation, being high level of $CO_2$ concentration and 2 classrooms are in condition of high PM10 concentration. The majority of students(76%) answered that the cause of their 'heated space syndrome' is because of the lack of ventilation. Students' opening windows for ventilations is hardly carried out at normal times, except that indoor temperature is over standard. That is, we can suggest one of solutions, which is to enable students to operate heating and ventilating system by themselves according to students' physical condition.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.952-959
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• 1997

Korean intakes of Vitamin A have not reached RDA for a long time according to the National Nutrition Survey. The pupose of this study was to examine the serum response to short-term carotenoids-rich vegetable juices supplementation. A total of 31 female students were recruited for this study. Their average serum retinol content before supplementation began was 14.74$\mu\textrm{g}$/100ml, and 87% of them had lower than adequate levels. Serum $\beta$-carotene, $\alpha$-carotene, lycopene and lutein contents were 0.77, -, 0.74 and 8.29$\mu\textrm{g}$/100$m\ell$ respectively. The serum responses to 3 kinds of juice supplementation for 3 weeks are summarized as follows. A small but steady increase in serum retinol concentration was detected with the supplementation (p<.05), but the kinds of juice made no significant difference. Serum $\beta$-carotene contents also increased with the supplementation(p<.01), but the kinds of juice again made no significant difference. Serum lycopene increased with the lycopene-containing vegetable juice and tomato juice supplementation, but the increase wasn't significant. There was no change in serum lycopene levels with the lycopene free carrot juice supplementation. Finally, there were no signifnicant changes in serum lutein and $\alpha$-carotene levels with the 3 kinds of juice supplementation.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.595-603
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• 2010

The present study was performed on humans to investigate the physiological strain of wearing protective clothing for shielding electromagnetic waves and to compare control clothing that are currently on the market and new clothing that are developed for improving thermal comfort and material weight. Experiments were conducted in a climatic chamber of $28.8{\pm}0.6^{\circ}C$, $37{\pm}5%$RH under three differed experimental clothing conditions: None, Control, New. The results were as follows. Mean skin temperature and rectal temperature in New were significantly lower than that in None and Control (p<.05). The temperature and humidity inside clothing were lower in None (p<.05). Total weight loss was lower in New. Thermal sensation and thermal comfort were less hot and more comfortable in New than those in Control. It was concluded that wearing the protective clothing for shielding electromagnetic waves affects physiological responses such as distribution of body temperature, sweat rate, etc.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.43-54
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• 2019

Purpose: Marine transportation companies must improve service quality to secure competitive advantage and continuous relationships with customers. This study explores the value and necessity of service quality in the industry by empirically identifying the factor that would have the largest effect on the improvement of service quality, also examining whether such improvement may actually influence continuous relationships. Research design, data and methodology: Based on an online survey with those in the Korean marine transportation industry, this study conducted statistical analyses using structural equation modeling. Based on relevant previous studies, the current study constructed a total of 55 survey questions. Finally, 281 questionnaires were collected, but 68 were excluded owing to invalid responses. Results: Information service attribute had the largest effect on service quality, whereas communication did not demonstrate a significant influence. In addition, distribution and information services exerted a positive effect on service satisfaction through service quality, and finally influenced relationship continuity. Conclusions: The results shows that marine logistics service quality strategies which were centered on time or local factors, should be considered in terms of the development of innovative services. In particular the improvement of information service systems and strategies in changed business environment.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.37-48
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• 2020

Purpose: There has been an increasing focus on consumer ethics by researchers and practitioners alike with the former seeking to examine the general discrepancy between ethical attitude, intention and actual behaviour by proposing behavioural measures to understand ethical consumption. Research into the effects of generational cohorts and gender, two fundamental demographic factors that shape the consumer habituated repertoire, on consumer ethics has reported mixed findings. The present study investigates if there are differences in ethical consumer behavior by generational cohorts and by gender in the context of an emerging market - Vietnam. Research design, data and methodology: Data was collected using a quantitative survey (a link to the questionnaire was posted on relevant social media platforms). A total of 539 usable responses was used for ANOVAs and independent t-tests to test the hypotheses. Results: a) There are significant differences in terms of ethical consumer behavior between Gen Z and Gens Y/X, but no difference between Gen X and Gen Y; b) There is no gender difference in ethically minded consumer behavior. Conclusion: For consumer ethics, generational effects may be moderated by macroeconomic conditions, while gender alone as a biological variable may not be a reliable predictor.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.71-74
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• 1997

MR acoustic sound or noise due to gradient pulsings has been one of the problems in MRI, both in patient scanning as well as in many areas of psychiatric and neuroscience research, such as brain fMRI. Especially in brain fMRI, sound noise is one of the serious noise sources which obscures the small signals obtainable from the subtle changes occurring in oxygenation status in the cortex and blood capillaries. Therefore, we have studied the effects of acoustic or sound noise arising in fMR imaging of the auditory, motor and visual cortices. The results show that the acoustical noise effects on motor and visual responses are opposite. That is, for the motor activity, it shows an increased total motor activation while for the visual stimulation, corresponding (visual) cortical activity has diminished substantially when the subject is exposed to a loud acoustic sound. Although the current observations are preliminary and require more experimental confirmation, it appears that the observed acoustic-noise effects on brain unctions, such as in the motor and visual cortices, are new observations and could have significant consequences in data observation and interpretation in future fMRI studies.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.82-90
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• 1998

The study was carried out to investigate on the response of environmental sanitation problems in action of the volume based waste charge system in Seoul. The responses from the 396 persons who dwelled in Seoul was stimulatively answered, this system was considered as a successful one 69.6% of total answers, but little portion (21.2%) of those was unknown on the mean of this system. And we knew that this system was need to the communication and education through the press media about this one. After the action of the volume based waste charge system, the volume of refuse discharged in a day was decreased 30-50% than before. In the problems of environmental sanitation after this system, the number of sanitary insect(cockroach etc) and rat was decreased, also the production of order and dust caused by refuse was decreased in comparison with those before. This results were considered that the Separate Collection should be perfectly performed. In response, the regular envelope of refuge was serious problems, the improvement for this one was demanded, The kind of difficult refuse treated was waste foodstuffs> electric products> rubbers> furniture> bottles, cans>papers, pulps etc. and the next proposal for this system should be prepared. Conclusively, the volume based waste charge system should be remarkable system in terms of resources recycling as well as wastes reduction. Above all in order to conform this system the separate collection system should be systematically performed, the next improvable proposal of the detailed methods in this system should be prepared.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 1989

Several growth characteristics of two ornamental tobacco species, Nicotiana sanderae and N. affinis, were investigated in this study. Also effect of temperature and daylength on the flowering of the tobacco plants were evaluated to obtain basic information on breeding and cultivation. 1. The plants were great in high temperature-long day at the early stage and in low temperature-short day at the late stage of plant growth, for both Nicotana species. At the early growth stage the leaf length N. sanderae was great in high temperature-long day, and that of N. affinis was great in high temperature-short day period, while at the late stage of the plant growth the leaf lengths were more significantly effected by the temperature rather than daylength. Leaf width and leaf shape index were less sensitive to the conditions. 2. For both of the species, the total number of tobacco leaves not much influenced by the temperature and daylength. 3. There were no significant differences for budding and flowering period between the two species, both of which were sensitive to temperature and daylength with more influence by daylength than temperature. 4. Number of floral stalks, number of flower and flowering period were not much influenced by temperature and daylength; however, N. affinis had 2 more floral stalks, 31 more flowers, and 6 day longer flowering period than N. sanderae.