• 제목/요약/키워드: total proteins

검색결과 1,107건 처리시간 0.034초

PLASMA CONCENTRATION OF L. THYROXINE (T4). L. TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T3) AND CERTAIN OTHER BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS IN GROWING CROSSBRED (B0S taurus × B0S indicus) CALVES

  • Shukla, D.C.;Varshney, V.P.;Gupta, P.S.P.;Mahapatro, B.B.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.69-74
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    • 1994
  • The relationship of thyroid status and certain blood biochemical constituents with body weight gains (ADG) and age (13 to 96 weeks) was studied in Holstein Friesian ${\times}$ Hariana ($1/2F{\times}1/2H$) crossbred male calves by assessing their plasma triiodo thyronine ($T_3$), Thyroxine ($T_4$), sodium, potassium, total proteins and cholesterol level at two energy levels. Body weight gains (ADG) were higher during the 50 to 72 weeks of age and declined thereafter, the plasma $T_3$ conc. was aignificantly (p < 0.01) higher during this period compared to all other periods. There was no significant variation due to energy level. Overall mean plasma $T_3$ conc. was $1.19{\pm}0.12ng/ml$. Plasma $T_4$ conc. did not show any significant variation either between the different age periods or between the two energy levels. The mean plasma $T_4$ conc. was $37.34{\pm}1.32ng/ml$. The plasma sodium and potassium concentration did not vary significantly due to energy levels. But amongst the different age periods, sodium concentration was highest ($147.70{\pm}2.29mEq/L$) during 49-60 weeks of age and lowest ($134.70{\pm}1.78mEq/L$) during 13-24 weeks, where as for potassium concentration changes were nonsignificant. There was very little variation amongst other periods. Plasma protein level was higher at 100% energy level than at 75%. Amongst the different age period, it was significantly lower ($6.44{\pm}0.36$) during 13 to 24 weeks of age than at 37 to 48 weeks of age ($7.14{\pm}0.11$). Plasma cholesterol values were higher for 75% energy level than that of 100%. Between the periods it was highest during 61 to 72 weeks of age and the difference amongst the age period were highly significant.

한약재 추출물의 Streptococcus mutans에 대한 항균효과 (Antimicrobial Activity of Streptococcus mutans by Herbal Medicine Extracts)

  • 전은숙;윤수홍;한만덕
    • 치위생과학회지
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.31-38
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    • 2002
  • 본 연구에서는 국내에서 유통되는 63종의 한약재 열수 추출물의 S. mutans에 대한 항균효과를 paper disc method로 검색하여, 항균효과가 우수한 지부자, 황금의 S. mutans 생장에 관한 영향을 평가하였다. 1. 63종의 한국산 한약재 열수 추출물의 향균효과를 탐색한 결과 S. mutans에 대한 향균력이 우수한 순서는 지부자, 황금순이었다. Paper disc method에 의한 항균활성 측정(20mg/ml 투여)결과는 지부자가 6.3mm, 황금이 3.5mm이었다. 2. 한약재 추출물의 S. mutans 생장에 대한 효과는 대조군이 8시간에서 1.05로 최대 생장률을 보였으나, 지부자, 황금 추출물 2mg/ml을 투여한 배지에서는 16시간 만에 0.91, 0.87로 최대 생장을 보였다. 3. S. mutans를 8시간 동안 배양한 후 배지내 pH를 측정한 결과 대조군은 5.08 이었으며, 지부자, 황금 추출물이 투여된 배지는 5.80, 5.74이었다. 4. S. mutans를 8시간 동안 배양한 후 배지내 탄수화물 변화량을 측정한 결과 대조군은 0.81mg/ml이었으며, 지부자, 황금 추출물이 투여된 배지는 1.70mg/ml, 1.84mg/ml 이었다. 5. S. mutans를 8시간 동안 배양한 후 배지내 단백질 변화량을 측정한 결과 대조군은 8.39mg/ml 이었으며, 지부자, 황금 추출물이 투여된 배지는 9.52mg/ml, 9.28mg/ml 이었다. 6. S. mutans의 다당류 생성에 미치는 효과는 대조군의 경우 배양 8시간에 300mg/100ml을 생성하였으나, 지부자, 황금 추출물이 투여된 배지에서는 200mg/100ml, 220mg/100ml을 생성하였다.

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Effects of Protein Supply from Soyhulls and Wheat Bran on Ruminal Metabolism, Nutrient Digestion and Ruminal and Omasal Concentrations of Soluble Non-ammonia Nitrogen of Steers

  • Kim, Jeong-Hoon;Oh, Young-Kyoon;Kim, Kyoung-Hoon;Choi, Chang-Won;Hong, Seong-Koo;Seol, Yong-Joo;Kim, Do-Hyung;Ahn, Gyu-Chul;Song, Man-Kang;Park, Keun-Kyu
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제22권9호
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    • pp.1267-1278
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    • 2009
  • Three beef steers fitted with permanent cannulae in the rumen and duodenum were used to determine the effects of protein supply from soyhulls (SH) and wheat bran (WB) on ruminal metabolism, blood metabolites, nitrogen metabolism, nutrient digestion and concentrations of soluble non-ammonia nitrogen (SNAN) in ruminal (RD) and omasal digesta (OD). In a 3${\times}$3 Latin square design, steers were offered rice straw and concentrates formulated either without (control) or with two brans to increase crude protein (CP) level (9 vs. 11% dietary DM for control and bran-based diets, respectively). The brans used were SH and WB that had similar CP contents but different ruminal CP degradability (52 vs. 80% CP for SH and WB, respectively) for evaluating the effects of protein degradability. Ruminal ammonia concentrations were higher for bran diets (p<0.01) than for the control, and for WB (p<0.001) compared to the SH diet. Similarly, microbial nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen were significantly increased (p<0.05) by bran and WB diets, respectively. Retained nitrogen tended (p<0.082) to be increased by SH compared with the WB diet. Intestinal and total tract CP digestion was enhanced by bran diets. In addition, bran diets tended (p<0.085) to increase intestinal starch digestion. Concentrations of SNAN fractions in RD and OD were higher (p<0.05) for bran diets than for the control, and for WB than for the SH diet. More rumendegraded protein supply resulting from a higher level and degradability of CP released from SH and WB enhanced ruminal microbial nitrogen synthesis and ruminal protein degradation. Thus, free amino acids, peptides and soluble proteins from microbial cells as well as degraded dietary protein may have contributed to increased SNAN concentrations in the rumen and, consequently, the omasum. These results indicate that protein supply from SH and WB, having a low level of protein (13 and 16%, respectively), could affect ruminal metabolism and nutrient digestion if inclusion level is relatively high (>20%).

마키베리 추출물이 정상 설치류의 혈중지질과 간기능에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Maqui Berry Extract on Blood Lipids and Liver Function in Normal Rodents)

  • 황미선;이주희;김인주;김태희;김강민
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제30권9호
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    • pp.791-797
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    • 2020
  • 마키베리는 슈퍼푸드 중 하나로 현대인의 건강 증진에 도움이 되는 것으로 알려져있다. 본 연구에서는 마키베리 추출물이 성장기 정상 설치류에 미치는 영향을 탐색하기 위하여 2주간의 음용 후 혈액 구성 세포, 혈중 지질 등 생체변화를 측정하였다. 또한, 천연식물 소재의 위해성 여부 확인을 위해 혈액에서 확인 가능한 간과 신장 기능에 대한 생체 지표 변화도 측정하였다. 10주령 웅성 SD rat에 마키베리 추출물을 음용시킨 결과 혈중 지질 수준 변화에 있어서는 마키베리 음용군이 대조군에 비해 약 30%의 중성지질 수준 감소와 함께 약 18%의 고밀도지단백-콜레스테롤 수준 증가를 보임으로써 혈중지질 수준의 개선 효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 확인하였으며 적혈구 수준이 대조군 대비 약 10% 증가하였고 통계적 유의성은 없으나 헤모글로빈 또한 증가하는 경향을 보였고 적혈구 용적 비율 또한 약 12% 증가된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 마키베리 음용으로 인해 혈청 단백질이 대조군에 비해 약 30% 증가되는 것으로 확인되었고 마키베리 음용 후의 간손상에 대한 생체지표를 확인한 결과 GOT와 GPT 모두 대조군에 비해 약 12%의 감소가 확인되어 간기능 개선 효과에 대한 가능성을 보여주었다. 따라서 마키베리 음용은 혈액세포의 생성촉진과 함께 혈중지질개선, 간기능 개선 등 다양한 효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 보여지며 향후 기능성 식의약품 소재 또는 제품개발을 통한 고부가가치 창출 등 산업적으로의 활용 가치가 매우 높을 것이라 사료된다.

Effects of Italian ryegrass diet on the performance, carcass characteristics, and blood metabolites of Hanwoo steers

  • Kim, Hwi Jae;Ki, Kwang Seok;Jang, Sun Sik;Yang, Seung Hak;Lee, Eun Mi;Kang, Dong Hun;Park, Bo Hye;Kwon, Eung Gi;Chung, Ki Yong
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제45권1호
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    • pp.84-93
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    • 2018
  • This study was conducted to develop a pasture feeding program for reducing the Hanwoo feeding cost. Italian ryegrass (IRG) is a major plant which is abundantly produced in the southern area of South Korea. Locally produced Italian ryegrass has a 30 - 50% reduced pasture cost compared to imported pasture grasses. We hypothesized that Italian ryegrass feed could reduce the feeding cost but not change the physiological characteristics of the Hanwoo steers in the feedlot. Four treatments (Control, short fed IRG silage, long fed IRG silage, and IRG hay) in a completely random design were used to feed 27 Hanwoo steers. Three or four steers were fed in the same pen, and 8 pens were used for the treatments. Blood was drawn from each steer on the first week of every month from 11 to 30 months. Overall, the average daily gain and feed efficiency were not different among the treatments (p < 0.05) except for the final fattening diets (p < 0.05). The long fed IRG silage group had a low ADG compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The serum non-esterified fatty acid and glucose concentrations were reduced during the fattening periods (p < 0.05); however, the serum albumin, total proteins, triglycerides, and phosphorus were increased during the fattening periods (p < 0.05). The carcass weight, longissimus muscle area and back-fat thickness were low in the long fed IRG silage group (p < 0.05). The IRG diet induced saturated fatty acids in the longissimus dorsi (p < 0.05). These results show that the IRG diet increased the serum triglycerides but reduced the glucose level at the final fattening diet and decreased the meat yield score in Hanwoo steers.

콩의 종류 및 조리방법에 따른 단백질·아미노산 함량 변화 (Protein and Amino-acid Contents in Backtae, Seoritae, Huktae, and Seomoktae Soybeans with Different Cooking Methods)

  • 임정연;김상천;김세나;최용민;양미란;조인희;김행란
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제32권5호
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    • pp.567-574
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: The objective of this study was to provide nutritional information (protein and amino-acid contents) of soybeans (Baktae, Seoritae, Huktae, and Seomoktae) with different cooking methods. Methods: Raw, boiled (in $100{\pm}15^{\circ}C$ of water for 4 hr), and fried (in a pan at $110{\pm}15^{\circ}C$ for $20{\pm}5min$) soybean samples were prepared. Contents of protein and amino acids were determined. Results: Protein content in raw Baktae, Seoritae, Huktae, and Seomoktae soybeans ranged from 361.0 to 386.8 mg/g. Protein contents differed according to cooking methods. They were higher in pan-fried beans (107.9-113.5%) than in raw or boiled soybeans (48.2-49.5%). A total of 18 amino acids were analyzed. Amino acid data sets were subjected to principle component analysis (PCA) to understand their differences according to soybean types and cooking methods. Bean samples could be distinguished better according to cooking method in comparison with bean types by principle component (PC1) and PC2. In particular, fried soybeans contained much higher levels of cystein. Other amino acids were the dominant in raw and boiled ones. On the other hand, the amounts of threonine, histidine, proline, arginine, tyrosine, lysine, tryptophan, and methionine were higher in raw bean samples than in cooked ones. Conclusion: The contents of amino-acids and proteins are more effected by different cooking methods in comparison with soybean types.

샤페론단백질동시발현기술을이용하여 Helicobacter pylori 유래의 fucosyltransferase의수용성생산 (Soluble Expression of the Fucosyltransferase Gene from Helicobacter pylori in Escherichia coli by Co-expression of Molecular Chaperones)

  • 이아름;이령;신소연;문진석;엄현;한남수
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.212-218
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    • 2015
  • Fucosyltransferase는 퓨코실화된 올리고당을 생성하는데 필수적인 효소로서, GDP-β-L-fucose로 부터 fucose를 수용체로 전이시켜 알파 글리코사이드 결합을 형성하는 과정을 촉매한다. 하지만 Escherichia coli 에서 발현시켰을 때, 대부분의 경우 inclusion body를 형성하여 비활성으로 생성되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Helicobacter pylori 26695에서 유래한 α1,2-fucosyltransferase (FucT2) 유전자의 수용성 발현을 위하여, E. coli에서 샤페론 단백질인 GroEL, GroES, DnaK, DnaJ, GrpE과 함께 동시발현시켰다. SDS-PAGE 분석결과, 5가지 샤페론 단백질과 함께 발현되었으며, 수용성 FucT2 단백질이 증가하였고 효소활성은 5배 증가하였다. 결론적으로, 샤페론 동시발현기술을 이용하여 대장균에서 FucT2 수용성 생산을 증가시킬 수 있었으며 본 수용성 효소는 퓨코실화된 올리고당을 효율적으로 생산하는데 이용될 수 있다.

보중익기탕(補中益氣湯)의 B세포 분화 유도 효과 (Effect of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang on B Cell Development)

  • 신성해;채수연;하미혜;조성기;김성호;변명우;이성태
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.271-277
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    • 2004
  • 최근에 방사선 조사에 대해 방호효과를 가지는 것으로 알려진 보중익기탕의 골수세포 분화 유도 효과에 대해 관찰하였다. 시험관에서 골수세포를 배양했을 때, 배양시간(5일,10일)에 따라 대조군의 세포 수는 현저히 감소하였고, 보중익기 탕의 total 분획을 첨가하였을 때도 비슷한 결과를 얻었다. 그러나 polysaccaride 분획을 첨가하였을 때는 감소하는 세포수가 일정한수준에서 유지되며 더 이상 감노하지 않았다. 그리고 이들 세포가 어떤 종류의 세포인지를 유세포분석기로 분석한 결과, Pre-B세포의 특징적인 세포 표면 단백질인 CDl9와 CD40을 동시에 발현한 세포인 것이 확인되었다. 또한, 이들 세포는 분화과정 이 끝난 B세포가 분비하는 IgM 뿐만 아니라 IgG1, G2a, G3를 분비하였다. 이상의 결과 보중익기탕의 polysaccaride 분획에 골수세포가 B세포로 분화 증식하는 것을 유도하는 성분이 포함되어 있어 방사선 조사로 상해를 입은 조혈계에 대한 방호 효과를 나타내는 것으로 생각된다.

열처리가 Lysine 손상에 의한 단백질의 품질에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Heat Treatment on Protein Quality as Lysine Damage)

  • 이경혜
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제24권5호
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    • pp.816-828
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    • 1995
  • 식품의 가공처리나 저장 중에 단백질에 결합된 아미노산의 side chain이 상호간 또는 식품내 다른 분자들과 화학적으로 반응할 수 있다. 이 반응으로 아미노산의 구조적 파괴, recemization, 단백질의 상호작용들, 또한 환원성 당과, 산화제 및 polyphenol류와의 결합을 들 수 있다. 이들 중 Maillard 반응 (예 ; fructoselysinel과 아미노산 간의 cross-linking(예 ; lysinoalanine)에 의한 반응이 주를 이룬다. 이때 가장 영향을 받는 아미노산이 lysine으로, 이는 lysine이 기능성 유리 ${\varepsilon}-amino$ group을 갖고 있기 때문이다. 일반적으로 아미노산의 derivatives나 polypeptides내 cross-links는 단백질의 체내 이용율과 소화율을 감소시켜 단백질 식품의 품질을 떨어뜨린다. 본 논문에서는 식품낸의 lysinoalanine과 fructoselysine의 형성과 관련된 기술적, 분석적, 영양적 그리고 생리적인 문제들에 관하여 문헌고찰하였다. 결론적으로 식품내 이들의 존재가 여러가지 영향을 체내에서 미칠 수 있으나 정상 성인에게는 전혀 위험한 물질이 아님을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 제한된 formular foods를 주로 먹는 유아에게는 성장에 lysine이 필수적이므로 lysine 손상을 통한 단백질의 질 저하는 대단히 중요한 의미를 지닌다. 따라서 유아식의 가공처리와 저장에 주의를 해야할 필요가 있다고 본다.

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Effect of Different Feed Additives on Growth Performance and Blood Profiles of Korean Hanwoo Calves

  • Sarker, M.S.K.;Ko, S.Y.;Lee, S.M.;Kim, G.M.;Choi, J.K.;Yang, C.J.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.52-60
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    • 2010
  • This experiment was conducted on 60 Hanwoo calves comprising five feed additive groups, with 12 calves in each group, to determine the effects of additives at pre- and post-weaning on growth performance and blood profile. The groups were control, antibiotic (Neomycin 110 ppm), illite (2%), fermented green tea probiotics (FGTP, 0.5%), and mixed additives (FGTP 0.25%, illite 1% and licorice 0.1%). The calves were offered experimental pellet feeds ad libitum and after one month were supplied with imported timothy hay. They moved freely within the group and suckled their mother' milk during the pre-weaning stage (birth to 3 months) and were separated from their dam during the post-weaning stage (4-5 months). During the pre-weaning stage, the highest average daily gain (ADG) was recorded in the antibiotic- and mixed additive-fed groups followed by FGTP, control and illite groups. In the post-weaning stage, significantly higher total weight gain and ADG were recorded in both the FGTP and mixed additive groups compared to the other groups (p<0.05). Feed efficiency of mixed additive- and illite-fed calves were almost similar with antibiotic-fed calves compared to the other two groups, but the ADG was lowest in illite-fed calves during the pre-weaning stage. In contrast, post-weaning calves fed FGTP and mixed additives showed better feed efficiency. The values of hematological indices, differential leukocyte count, blood proteins and immunoglobulin among the additive-fed calves were not significantly different (p>0.05), although hemoglobin and hematocrit values were lower in FGTP compared to control, but similar in mixed additive and antibiotic groups. These results indicate no detrimental effects of feed additives on the blood profile of calves at both pre- and post-weaning age. Serum albumin in post-weaning calves of all feed additive groups were similar but significantly lower (p<0.05) than in the control group. Post-weaning, IgM was significantly lower (p<0.05) in illite-fed calves compared to other treatment groups, but there was no difference at pre-weaning. Considering all factors, the mixed feed additives and FGTP can be the replacement feed formula for antibiotic for Hanwoo beef calf production, especially when used post- weaning.