• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.751-758
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• 2010

Prunus mume is well known contain many functional materials that play beneficial roles in the human body. Studies have found that many organic acids and polyphenol compounds exist in Prunus mume. In this study, content of total polyphenols and flavonoids, antioxidative activity and cytotoxicity of ethanol extract from Prunus mume were measured Contents of total polyphenolic and total flavonoid compounds in ethanol extract from Prunus mume were 16.92 mg/g and 59.95 mg/g, respectively. The $IC_{50}$ of ethanol extract from Prunus mume were $237.72 {\mu}g$/assay and $239.58 {\mu}g$/assay by DPPH and ABTS radical cation scavenging test, respectively. Additionally, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value of ethanol extract from Prunus mume was 0.94 mM ($FeSO_4$ eq.) by $800 {\mu}g$/assay. Cytotoxicity of Prunus mume against five kinds of cancer cell lines increased as the extract concentration increased Especially, cytotoxicity of the ethanol extract against A-549 (lung cancer line) was higher than that against any other cancer cell line by both MTT and SRB assay. These results show that ethanol extract of Prunus mume has considerably high antioxidative and cytotoxic activities.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.415-420
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to determine the various bioactive components of five olive oil varieties, as well as to assess their contribution to the oxidative stability of the oils. Fatty acids, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, ${\beta}$-carotene, total flavonoids, total phenols, and certain phenolic compounds of extra virgin olive oils (EVOO; blended, arbequina, hojiblanca, and picual) and pure olive oil (POO) were examined. Oxidation stability was evaluated by the peroxide value (POV). The total content of all the studied antioxidant compounds was significantly higher in the EVOOs than the POO (p<0.05). Among the EVOOs, picual had the highest levels of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol ($10.18{\pm}0.40\;mg/100\;g$), ${\beta}$-carotene ($557{\pm}8\;{\mu}g/100\;g$), and total phenols ($110.7{\pm}1.3\;mg/g$), which correlated strongly with antioxidative capacity. Furthermore, the lowest POV occurred in picual EVOO and correlated with the highest monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA, C16:1 and C18:1) and lowest polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA, C18:2 and C18:3) compositions, suggesting the ratio of MUFA to PUFA is a critical parameter for the oxidative stability of olive oil. Our results indicate that the oxidative stability and antioxidant potential of EVOO depends not only on the antioxidant vitamins, but also on the amount of phenolic compounds and fatty acid profile of the oil.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 기능성 커피박 퇴비를 개발하고자 커피박과 커피박 퇴비의 특성을 분석하였다. 커피전문점의 커피박 pH, EC, Zn 함량이 상업용 커피박보다 높게 나타났으나 $K_2O$, CaO, MgO, $Na_2O$, Mn 함량은 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 주요 식물병원균 6종(Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium oxysporum, Phytophthora capsici, Alternaria alternata, and Botrytis cinerea)에 대한 커피전문점과 상업용 커피박 퇴비의 수용성 추출물의 항균활성을 검정한 결과, 공시한 6종의 식물병원균에 대한 항균력이 있음을 확인하였다. 커피박 추출물의 A. altanata 포자발아 억제 및 P. capsici 유주자낭 형성 억제효과를 조사 한 결과, 10% 깻묵+커피박 퇴비 수용성 추출물이 A. altanata의 분생포자 발아관의 신장과 P. capsici의 유주자낭 형성을 유의적으로 억제하였다. 커피박 퇴비의 기능성을 조사하고자 커피박을 90일간 부숙시키면서 30일 간격으로 총 폴리페놀 함량을 조사한 결과, 총 폴리페놀 함량은 부숙시간의 경과에 따라 증가하였으며, 10% 깻묵+커피박 퇴비에서 90일째에 가장 높은 총 페놀 함량인 평균 $0.35{\pm}0.03mg\;GAE/g$로 나타냈다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 1971

감미종(甘味種) 소형(小型)고추인 Zairasisi를 저온저장(低溫貯藏)하니 종자(種子)의 갈변(褐變)이 급속(急速)히 일어났기에 여기에 주목(注目)하여 갈변기질(褐變基質)인 polyphenol 성분(成分)을 검색(檢索) 정량(定量)하고 이들 기질(基質)에 이르는 중간(中間) 대사(代謝) 성분(成分)의 변화(變化)를 측정(測定) 고찰(考察)하였다. (1) 종자(種子)의 polyphenol 성분(成分)으로서 chlorogenic acids가 검출(檢出)되었고 flavanol type polyphenols는 검출(檢出)되지 않았다. (2) Chlorogenic acid와 total polyphenol 함량(含量)은 저온처리(低溫處理)에 의하여 급증(急增)하고 갈변후(褐變後)는 감소하여 상온구(常溫區)보다 오히려 함량(含量)이 낮아졌다. (3) 중간대사(中間代謝) 성분(成分)인 phenylalanine, tyrosine, shikimic acid 함량(含量)은 저온처리(低溫處理)에 의하여 크게 증가(增加)하고 있으니 shikimate 계로(系路)가 활발(活潑)해지는 것으로 짐작된다. (4) 효소(酵素)에 대(對)한 특이적(特異的)인 조해제(阻害劑)와 호흡기질(呼吸基質)의 조직(組織) 호흡(呼吸)에 미치는 조해(阻害) 및 첨가(添加) 효과(效果)를 측정(測定)한 결과(結果) 저온처리(低溫處理)에 의하여 고추종자(種子)의 당(糖)은 EMP 계로(系路)를 활발히 움직이다가 이에 연결(連結)되는 TCA cycle에 jaming이 일어남에 따라 phosphoenolpyruvate와 erythrose-4-phosphate가 활발히 결합(結合)하고 shikimate 계로(系路)가 활발해져서 polyphenol 물질(物質)이 활발히 생합성(生合成)된다는 것을 추정(推定)할 수 있었다. (5) 저온처리(低溫處理)에 의하여 고추종자(種子)의 K ion 유출량(流出量)이 증가(增加)하였기에 갈변(褐變)에 따라 원형질막(原形質膜) 이상(異常)이 생긴 것을 짐작 할 수 있었다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.329-338
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• 2008

The aim of the study is to investigate the antioxidant activity through, reducing power, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH), nitric oxide radical (NO), superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide radical ($H_2O_2$) scavenging activity and the amount of total phenolic compounds of chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves of Talinum portulacifolium. Chloroform extract of leaves of T. portulacifolium showed highest antioxidant activity, with a direct relationship between activity and concentration of extracts ($15-240\;{\mu}g/mL$). Among all the extracts, the highest amount of the total polyphenolic compounds was found in the chloroform extract. Chloroform extract of T. portulacifolium showed an important free radical scavenging activity towards the DPPH, NO, Superoxide and $H_2O_2$ radicals, with $IC_{50}$ values of 133.26, 165.75, 156.34 and $135.29\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. In the lipid peroxidation assay, extracts of chloroform and ethyl acetate showed a remarkable inhibitory activity. The extracts showed significant activity in all the experiments but lower than the standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제50권
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• pp.97-107
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• 2023

Malaria remains to be one of the most severe global public health concerns. Traditionally, Aspilia Africana and Warburgia ugandensis have been used to treat malaria in several African countries for millennia. In the current study, A. africana calli (AaC), A. africana in vitro roots (AaIR), A. africana wild leaf (AaWL), and W. ugandensis stem bark (WuSB) were dried and pulverized. Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the powdered samples, while 80% ethanolic extracts of each sample were assayed for antiplasmodial activity (against Plasmodium falciparum strains DD2 (chloroquine-resistant) and 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive)) and cytotoxicity. WuSB showed the highest antiplasmodial activity (IC₅₀ = 1.57 ± 0.210 ㎍/ml and 8.92 ± 0.365 ㎍/ml against P. falciparum 3D7 and DD2, respectively) and selectivity indices (43.90 ± 7.914 and 7.543 ± 0.051 for P. falciparum 3D7 and DD2, respectively). The highest total polyphenolic contents (total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 367.9 ± 3.55 mg GAE/g and 203.9 ± 1.43 mg RUE/g, respectively) were recorded for WuSB and the lowest were recorded for AaC. The antiplasmodial activities of the tested plant tissues correlated positively with total polyphenolic content. The high selectivity indices of WuSB justify its traditional applications in treating malaria and present it as a good candidate for discovering new antimalarial compounds. We recommend elicitation treatment for AaIR, which showed moderate antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum DD2, to increase its secondary metabolite production for optimal antimalarial activity.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.683-690
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• 2006

함초의 생리활성 물질을 활용하여 기능성 식품을 개발하기 위한 기초 자료로 이용하기 위하여 함초의 채취 시기별 함초의 수용성 추출물의 폴리페놀 화합물 함량은 건물 중량 100 g당 6월 0.682%, 8월 1.005% 및 10월 0.754%였으며, 에탄올 추출물에서는 6월 1.015%, 8월 1.158% 및 10월에 0.953%로 8월 에탄올 추출물에서 가장 높았다. 함초 수용성 추출물의 betaine 성분을 HPLC를 이용하여 측정한 결과 6월, 8월, 10월에서 각각 0.248%, 0.269% 및 0.204%로 나타났다. 함초 성숙 단계별로 채취한 시료의 주요 구성 아미노산 함량(mg%)이 6월, 8월, 10월에서 각각 glutamic acid (582: 519: 664), proline (552: 471: 322), phenylalanine (480: 431: 424), aspartic acid (322: 297: 330), 및 arginine (282: 321: 483)이었으며, 주요 유리 아미노산 함량 (mg%)은 6월과 8월에 각각 proline (9.7: 3.4), asparagine (6.7: 1.4), hydroxyproline (6.4: 2.8), valine (3.9: 2.5) 및 arginine (1.7: 3.0) 이었다. 그러나 10월에 채취된 함초의 유리 아미노산은 유일하게 amonium chloride 0.27 mg%와 1-methyl-L-histidine 0.18 mg%만 함유되어 있었다. 채취 시기별 함초의 미네랄 성분 함량 (mg%)은 전체적으로 Na이 가장 많았고 그 다음으로 K, Mg, Ca, P 순이었다. 채취 시기별로 미네랄 함량이 각각 Na (5695: 7536: 5529), K (1640: 963: 931), Mg (359: 428: 348), Ca (221: 234: 251) 및 P (207: 189: 259) 순으로 함유되어 있었고, 6월에 K, 8월에 Na와 Mg, 10월에 Ca과 P가 각각 높게 함유되어 있었다. 전자공여능(EDA) 측정에서는 0.05% BHT> 8월> 6월> 10월 순으로 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로 함초의 이화학적 성분은 채취 시기별로 다르게 나타났으며, 폴리페놀 화합물 및 베타인의 생리활성 성분은 8월에 채취한 함초에서 가장 높았다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.347-356
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• 2016

This study analyzed the antioxidant properties of Equisetum arvense and its effects on serum factor levels in mice fed a high-fat diet. The aim was to establish a new effective resource for biologically active materials. E. arvense stem and root extracts were obtained using deionized water at $95^{\circ}C$, and 70.5% ethanol at $85^{\circ}C$. These extracts were used to analyze the total phenolic compounds and antioxidant (ABTS, DDPH, and FRAP) activities. The effects of prepared ground samples were evaluated by feeding them to mice. E. arvense extracts showed strong antioxidant effects. The caffeic acid content was highest in the 70.5% ethanol extract of the vegetative stem, as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The blood concentrations of insulin and leptin were significantly lower in mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with extracts of the root, reproductive stem, and vegetative stem of E. arvense than in mice fed only a high-fat diet. These results suggest that the polyphenolic compounds in E. arvense extracts exert various antioxidant effects. The stems and root of E. arvense can lower the blood levels of insulin and leptin, even after consumption of a high-fat diet.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2018

This study examined the changes in antioxidant activity and contents of phenolic compounds inblanched, steamed, and autoclaved burdock root (BR). The total polyphenolic and flavonoids contents of raw and cooked BR were determined spectrophotometrically. The antioxidant activity of BR was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. The main phenolic compounds in BR were quantified by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography). Both blanching and steaming treatments significantly increased the antioxidant activities of BR in all groups (5 min, 15 min, and 30 min), whereas in autoclaving treatment, the 30 min treatment only showed an increase in the antioxidant activities of BR. The 30 min blanched BR exhibited the strongest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities and possessed the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid phenolic contents. The 15 min-steamed BR showed the highest ORAC value. The main phenolic compound of the 15 min-steamed BR was CGA (chlorogenic acid). These results suggest that heat cooking methods, such as blanching and steaming, improve the antioxidant activity of BR by increasing the concentration of phenolic compounds.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2018

Polyphenol profiles, physicochemical properties, antioxidant activities, and inhibitory effect of adipocyte differentiation of Houttuynia cordata fermented with Lactobacillus brevis B84 were evaluated. Six polyphenols were characterized for this plant by using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), and the results were compared with total phenolic content by a spectrophotometric method. The total amount of the identified polyphenols was lower than that determined by the spectrophotometric method. However, the fermentation process influenced polyphenol composition such as content of vanillic acid and caffeic acid. The phytochemical profiles were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry detection ($HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS^n$). Total sugar and reducing sugar contents decreased after fermentation. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide anion radical scavenging and reducing power were evaluated to compare the beneficial effect after fermentation. Fermented H. cordata increased the lipolytic effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Overall, the results indicate that the fermentation of H. cordata with L. brevis B84 produces changes of phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and lipolytic effect.