• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.380-383
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• 1998

본 연구는 퇴비중의 유기물 함량으로부터 탄소함량을 구하기 위한 환산계수를 결정하기 위하여 수행하였다. 퇴비중의 유기물 함량은 회화법으로, 탄소함량은 원소 분석기를 사용하여 분석한 결과 유기물 함량과 탄소함량의 관계는 "탄소함량(%)=$1.995+0.484{\times}$유기물 함량(%)"의 직선 회귀식을 따랐고, 분산분석에 의한 회귀직선의 유의성 검정은 고도로 유의하게 나타났다(P < 0.001). 기존의 토양 유기물 환산계수 1.724나 1.8을 적용할 경우, 퇴비중의 유기물 함량으로부터 환산한 탄소함량은 실제보다 10% 이상 높게 평가되어 우리 나라에서 생산, 판매되는 퇴비의 탄소함량을 구할 때는 상기 회귀식을 적용하는 것이 타당하리라 생각된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.268-272
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• 2002

Kinetic experiments on the biological oxidation of $Fe^{2＋}$ by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans were conducted by measuring the total organic carbon content. The total organic carbon in the solution was determined with different initial concentrations of $Fe^{2＋}$(4, 9, 15, and 20 mg/ml). The growth of At. ferrooxidans and substrate utilization were described by the Monod expression. The total organic carbon was found to be an indicator of the biomass concentration and thus may be effectively utilized for estimating cell growth rates in kinetic model development.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.136-145
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• 1988

도시폐기물의 퇴비화 과정중 퇴비중의 탄소화합물 함량을 시기별로 조사한 결과 다음과 같다. 1. 유기물, 섬유소, 총 탄소, 유기탄소, 미생물 분해가능 탄소 함량은 퇴비화에 따라 감소되었고 리그닌, 미생물 이용 불가능 탄소함량은 약간 증가 되었다. 2. 총 탄소와 미생물 분해가 가능 탄소 함량과 차이는 6.2% 였다. 3. 유기물질의 실제 분해율은 분해율보다 큰 증가 현상을 보였다. 4. 모든 탄소화합물의 실제 분해 능력은 분해능력과 유사하였다. 5. 리그닌의 분해율 및 분해능력은(-)값을 보였으나, 실제 분해율 및 실제분해 능력은(+)값을 가졌다. 6. 퇴비중 유기물, 섬유소, 총탄소, 유기탄소, 미생물 이용 가능 탄소간에 고도의 유의성있는 정의 상관이있었다. 7. 미생물 분해불가능 탄소와 유기물, 섬유소, 총 탄소 유기탄소 및 미생물 분해가능 탄소와는 부의 상관이 있었다. 8. 퇴비중 리그닌과 미생물에 분해 불가능 탄소와도 고도의 정의 상관이 있었다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.128-132
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• 2020

Total organic carbon (TOC) analysis equipment, which was previously used to prevent eutrophication in advance, is heavy, bulky, and expensive; therefore, so it is difficult to be carried and has been used as an experimental unit. In this study, a through-carbon analysis chip that integrates pretreatment through photocatalytic oxidation and carbon dioxide measurement using a pH indicator was investigated. Both the total carbon - inorganic carbon method and the nonpurgeable organic carbon (NPOC) measurement method require an acidification part for injecting an acid solution for inorganic carbon measurement and removal, an oxidation part for total carbon or NPOC oxidation and a measurement part for Carbon dioxide (CO₂) measurement. Among them, the measurement of oxidation and CO₂ requires physical technology. The proposed TOC analysis chip decomposed into CO₂ as a result of the oxidizing of organic carbon using a photocatalyst, and the pH indicator that was changed by the generated CO₂ was optically measured. Although the area of the sample of the oxidation part and the pH indicator of the measurement part were distinguished in an enclosed space, CO₂ was quantified by producing an oxidation part and a measurement part that shared the same air in one chip. The proposed TOC analysis chip is less expensive and smaller, cost and size are disadvantages of existing organic carbon analysis equipment, because it does not require a separate carrier gas to transport the CO₂ gas in the oxidation part to the measurement part.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.503-518
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• 2012

지면에서 탄소수지를 모의하는 모형들은 주로 수직적인 탄소 플럭스에 주된 관심을 두어왔다. 반면에 수평 적인 탄소 플럭스에 관한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 수평적인 탄소 플럭스의 흐름에 대해 연구하고자 유역 내 식생에 의해 생산되는 총 일차생산량(Gross primary production, GPP)과 유역에서 배출되는 총 유기탄소(Total Organic Carbon, TOC)의 교차상관분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, GPP와 유역에서 배출되는 TOC의 유량가중 평균 농도는 서로 지체시간이 없을 경우에 가장 큰 상관관계를 보여주고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 주기성이 고려된 상관구조를 살펴본 결과, 여름철의 TOC와 GPP 사이의 상관관계가 주기성이 고려되지 않았을 경우의 상관관계와 유사하게 나타났다. 이로부터 GPP와 TOC의 상관관계는 여름철에 맺어지는 GPP와 TOC 상관관계에 의해서 대부분이 규정되고 있음을 살펴볼 수 있었다. 이에 따라 식생에 의해 생산된 탄소와 유역에서 배출되는 유기탄소의 관계가 계절적으로도 긴밀한 관계가 있을 것이라 추측된다. 따라서 향후 연구는 계절에 따른 식생변수와 GPP와 TOC의 관계를 분석함으로서 조금 더 정량적으로 수평적인 탄소 플럭스 흐름에 대해 이해 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.23-38
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• 2011

● The current world is suffering abnormal climate caused by global warming. The main cause of global warming is greenhouse gas such as carbon dioxide. The carbon labeling system and carbon traceability system being pushed ahead in the agricultural sector is the policy for responding to climate change to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. To make this policy more effective and enhanced, the amount of carbon emissions should be calculated based on the kind of crops or the various businesses in the agricultural sector. Therefore, in order to estimate the accurate amount of carbon emissions, it is necessary to establish carbon dioxide emission intensity of various agricultural materials added onto the agriculture, and to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide emission for each crop according to agricultural production. The purpose of this study is to establish the amount of emission, emission per agricultural materials, of agricultural materials being added for crop production as a basic step, and emission intensity which can be used in the future market in order to estimate accurate amount of carbon emission in all the policies being promoted in the agricultural sector. Therefore, in this study, in order to build LCI D/B about organic fertilizers among many organic materials added onto the organic agriculture sector, one leading company in organic fertilizer production was selected and LCA was conducted for this leading company. We had to build the intensity and integrated average concept of intensity upon the two cases once production farmers for their own consumption and farms besides organic fertilizer company were categorized even if it's little amount. But in this study, individually produced organic fertilizers were excluded. Calculated results are following. Carbon emission of mixed expeller cake fertilizer in organic fertilizer was 1,106,966.89kg-$CO^2$ and emission intensity was 0.01606kg-$CO^2$, respectively. Total emission of mixed organic fertilizers was 241,523.2kg-$CO^2$ and emission intensity was 0.01705kg-$CO^2$. And total emission of organic compound fertilizers was 94,592.66kg-$CO^2$ and emission intensity was 0.01769kg-$CO^2$, respectively.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.396-402
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• 2006

토양 유기탄소는 토양의 질 및 토양 비옥도의 평가 또는 시비량의 결정 등에 주요한 요인으로 고려되어 왔으며 온실가스의 방출 및 지구 온난화에 영향을 주고 있다. 따라서 토양 유기탄소의 적절한 관리는 토양의 질을 향상시키는 것뿐만 아니라 온실가스원을 관리하는 차원에서 중요성이 더욱 강조되고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 압력센서를 이용한 무기탄소 측정 장치를 이용하여 토양중 무기탄소량을 측정하고 건식연소법과 습식연소법을 이용하여 석회암에서 유래된 토양의 유기탄소을 분석 비교 하고자 하였다. 건식연소법으로 측정된 총탄소의 값에서 무기탄소 측정장치를 통해 얻어진 무기탄소값을 뺀 값을 유기탄소량으로 계산하였다. 탄산석회 ($CaCO_3$)를 이용한 무기탄소 표준시료의 양과 개발된 무기탄소 측정장치 출력 값 간에 매우 유의한 직선의 관계가 얻어졌다. 충청북도 및 강원도 일대 석회암 지역에서 채취한 토양시료를 이용하여 건식연소법과 무기탄소 분석 장치를 이용하여 탄소함량을 분석한 결과 총 탄소 중량대비 약 22-28%의 무기탄소가 관측되었다. 습식연소법과 건식연소법으로 측정한 토양의 유기탄소간에 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈다. 결론적으로 개발된 토양무기탄소 분석장치는 토양 중 무기탄소의 간편한 측정을 통하여 석회암등에서 유래된 토양의 유기탄소를 효과적으로 분석하는데 기여할 수 있다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.691-702
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• 2020

Carbon biomass of plankton community, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Chlorophyll a (chl.a) concentration were examined in the SeoNakdong river from January to December in 2014, to assess composition of phyto- and zoo-plankton variation, to certify the correlation between chl.a and TOC and to determine the level of contribution of plankton carbon content to TOC in the reservoir-river ecosystem. The correlation level between TOC and chl.a was low in the year 2014 but exceptionally was highly correlated only during the period with cyanobacterial bloom. The high level of contribution of plankton carbon content to TOC was attributed to cyanobacterial carbon biomass from May to November and to Cladocera carbon biomass from March to May, November and December despite of its low abundance. These results suggest that there were inter-relationships between phytoplankton, zooplankton and TOC and also subtle consistency of their properties through the year. These patterns should be discussed in relation to the physiochemical and biological characteristics of the environment, as well as to allochthonous organic matters from non-point pollution sources.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.103-111
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• 1997

Biogeochemical cycling of organic carbon is quantitatively partitioned in terms of 1) flux to the ocean bottom, 2) benthic utilization at or near the sediment-water interface, 3) remineralization and 4) burial within sediments, by making an independent determination for each component process from a single coastal site in Kwangyang Bay. The partitioning suggests that the benthic utilization at or near the sediment-water interface is the major mode of organic carbon cycling at the site. The benthic utilization takes 61.8% (441.6 gCm$^{-2}$ yr $^{-1}$) of the total near-bottem organic carbon flux, 714.6 gCm $^{-2}$yr$^{-1}$, and far exceeds the remineralization of organic carbon within the sediments which amounts only to 6% (41.24 gCm$^{-2}$yr$^{-1}$) of the total near-bottom flux. The residence time is about 1.6 years for the sedimentary metabolic organic carbon in the upper 45 cm. The dominant partitioning of the benthic utilization in the carbon budget suggests that most of labile organic carbons are consumed at or near the sediment-water interface and are left over to the sediment column by significantly diminished amounts.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2003

Organic carbon and nitrogen contents in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and surface sediments in seawater were measured in the Northern East China Sea in summer. The distribution of particulate organic carbon(POC) and particulate organic nitrogen(PON) were in the ranges of 54~481㎍/ℓ and 6~85㎍/ℓ, respectively, with relatively high level of concentrations in the western and southern sides of the study area. Also, there has been a significantly positive correlation between POC and PON, gradually increasing toward the deeper range of depth. Average C:N ratios of POC and PON of SPM were 6 in study area. The ratios of POC to PON of SPM increased as the range of depth increased, indicating nitrogen decomposes more rapidly than carbon and is considered to be influenced by the input of detritus from surface sediments. The distribution of total organic matter(TOM), total organic carbon(TOC) and total organic nitrogen(TON) in surface sediments were in the ranges of 3.1~9.6%, 0.282~0.635% and 0.022~0.069%, respectively, with relatively low range in the western and northern sides of the study area. The ratio of TOC to TON of surface sediments were in the range of 9.8~17.4(average of 13), strongly indicating the active role of the input from the terrestrial organic pollutants.