• 제목/요약/키워드: total isoflavone content

검색결과 119건 처리시간 0.023초

국내 산지별 대두와 이를 이용한 두부의 이화학적 특성 분석 (Physicochemical Characteristics of Soybeans Cultivated in Different Regions and the Accompanying Soybean Curd Properties)

  • 서유진;김민경;이슬;황인경
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.441-449
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구는 지역경쟁력을 갖춘 대두의 생산 및 이를 이용한 가공제품의 차별성을 살펴보기 위해 경기도 파주, 경상북도 안동, 전라북도 무주, 경상남도 하동에서 재배되어 2009년 6월 15일에 파종한 대원콩, 대풍콩, 선유콩, 청자 2호와 이들로 만든 두부의 특성을 평가하였다. 일반성분에서는 대두의 산지별 특성이 두부의 일반성분에 영향을 미친 것으로 사료되었다. 대두의 isoflavone 함량은 모든 품종에서 안동지역의 함량이 다른 지역에 비해 유의적으로 많았고, 하동지역은 낮았다. 두부의 isoflavone 함량에서도 이와 같은 경향이 관찰되었다. 대두의 지방산 조성은 하동지역이 다른 지역보다 oleic acid의 조성이 높았으며, linolenic acid와 linoleic acid의 조성이 유의적으로 낮았다. 이는 두부의 지방산 조성에서도 비슷하게 나타났다. 이를 통해 산지별로 재배된 대두의 이화학적 특성이 산지에 따라 유의적인 차이가 있었고 이로 만든 두부에서도 유사한 것을 알 수 있었다. 즉 콩에서 두부로 제조될 때 산지별 대두의 특성이 최종 가공물에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 콩 가공제품을 제조할 때 산지별로 재배된 원료 콩의 이화학적 특성 차이를 고려한다면 보다 용도별 적합성이 뛰어나고 우수한 콩 가공제품의 제조와 가공적성평가 항목의 설정에 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Changes in Isoflavone Contents during Maturation of Soybean Seed

  • Yi, Mi-Ae;Kwon, Tai-Wan;Kim, Jong-Sang
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제2권3호
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    • pp.255-258
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    • 1997
  • Isoflavones are associated with prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer, osteoporosis, and hypercholesterolemia. The isoflavone contents at different development stages of soybean were anayzed to examine the period of their formation and reaching maximum level. Soybean sedds have been collected from 13th to 21st week after sowing. Total daidzein and genistein contents increased from 115 and 37mg/kg at 13th week, to 795 and 699mg/kg at 21st week, respectively. Total glycitein content showed less remarkable change during seed development than other isoflavones. Thus mature soybean may have maximum preventive effect from chronic diseases since it contains the highest level of isoflavones.

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대두 가공품 1회분량 내 이소플라본, 사포닌, 식이섬유, 대두 올리고당 및 레시틴의 함량 - 상업용 대두 가공품 1회 분량 당의 생리활성 물질 함량 분석 - (Determination of Isoflavone, Total Saponin, Dietary Fiber, Soy Oligosaccharides and Lecithins from Commercial Soy Products Based on the One Serving Size - Some bioactive compounds from commercialized soy products -)

  • 김천희;박점선;손헌수;정재원
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제34권1호
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    • pp.96-102
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    • 2002
  • 대두 제품 중 대두, 두유, 두부, 생대두분말, 분리대두단백(isolated soy protein, ISP), 된장, natto, tempeh의 이소플라본, 수용성 식이섬유, 대두 올리고당, 레시틴, 사포닌의 함량을 분석하였다. 건물 기준으로 생대두분말과 natto, 두유에는 각각 489.1 mg%, 308.3 mg%, 138.1 mg%의 이소플라본이 함유되어 있었다. 이소플라본의 aglycone/glucoside 비율을 natto에 비하여 된장과 tempeh가 더 높았다. 생대두분말은 24.3%의 식이 섬유와 2.87%의 대두 올리고당을 함유하고 있었다. 두유의 경우 식이 섬유의 절대량은 많지 않으나 soluble fiber/total dietary fiber 비가 59%로 가장 높았다. 건물기준으로 두부에는 20.1%의 식이 섬유와 1.13%의 레시틴이 함유되어 상대적으로 많았다. 분리대두단백에는 레시틴과 사포닌이 함유량은 각각 0.63%와 0.65%였다. 비록 대두의 생물학적 활성물질함량은 레시틴을 제외하고 대두 가공품 중 가장 높았으나 이를 일회 분량으로 환산한 경우 두유 내 생물학적 활성물질의 양이 대두와 매우 유사하였다. 즉 두유 일회 분량(200 mL)에는 이소플라본 31.5 mg(raw soybean 15.9 mg), 식이섬유 2.59 g(raw soybean 4.59 g), 올리고당 0.57 g(raw soybean 0.50 g), 레시틴 0.10 g(raw soybean 0.10 g), 사포닌 0.11 g(raw soybean 0.10 g)이 함유되어 있어, 두유는 일상적으로 섭취하기 편하고 대두 생리활성 물질의 좋은 공급원이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Comparison of Isoflavone Contents and Antioxidant Effect in Cheonggukjang with Black Soybean Cultivars by Bacillus subtilis CSY191

  • Azizul Haque, Md.;Hwang, Chung Eun;Lee, Hee Yul;Ahn, Min Ju;Sin, Eui-Cheol;Nam, Sang Hae;Joo, Ok Soo;Kim, Hyun Joon;Lee, Shin-Woo;Kim, Yun-Geun;Ko, Keon Hee;Goo, Young-Min;Cho, Kye Man
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.62-71
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    • 2016
  • BACKGROUND: Soybeans are the rich sources of isoflavones. To date, the changes of isoflavone contents in various black soybeans cheonggukjang during fermentation by Bacillus subtilis CSY191 has not been investigated.METHODS AND RESULTS: This study investigated the changes of total phenolic and isoflavone contents and antioxidant effects during cheonggukjang fermentation made with four black soybean (BS) cultivars including Cheongja, Cheongja#3, Geomjeong#5, and Ilpumgeomjeong with a potential probiotic Bacillus subtilis CSY191. The total phenolic contents, isoflavone-malonylglycoside and -aglycone contents, and antioxidant activity were increased in cheonggukjang at 48 h fermentation, while the content of isoflavone-glycosides was decreased during cheonggukjang fermentation. In particular, the Cheongja#3 soybean fermented at 37℃ for 48 h displayed the highest antioxidant activities, compared to those of the other BS cultivars tested. Also, the highest levels of total phenolic, daidzein, glycitein, and genistein were present at concentrations of 17.28 mg/g, 283.7 g/g, 39.9 g/g, and 13.2 g/g at the end of Cheongja#3 soybean fermentation.CONCLUSION: The results from this study suggested that the enhanced antioxidant activity of cheonggukjang of BS might be related to increased levels of total phenolic, isoflavon-aglycone, and malonyl-glycoside contents achieved during fermentation. Furthermore, fermented Cheongja#3 soybean showed the highest levels of enhanced antioxidant activities than the other BS cultivars.

Rapid High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Quantification of Major Isoflavones in Soybeans and Soybean Pastes

  • Kim, Won-Chan;Kwon, Soon-Ho;Rhee, In-Koo;Hur, Jong-Moon;Jeong, Hyun-Hee;Choi, Sun-Ha;Lee, Kyung-Bok;Kang, Young-Hwa;Song, Kyung-Sik
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.24-27
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    • 2006
  • A simple HPLC quantification method was developed for genistein, genistin, daidzein, and daidzin in soybeans and soybean products. The procedure used a $4.6{\times}100\;mm$ $Chromolith^{(R)}$ RP-18e column with a mobile phase of 1% HOAc in 20% MeOH to 1% HOAc in 80% MeOH for 10 min. The injection volume was $2\;{\mu}L$ at a flow rate of 2 mL/min. Detection was carried out under UV at 254 nm. Under these conditions, the major isoflavones daidzein, daidzin, genistein, and genistin in soybean and soybean pastes were eluted within 7 min with baseline separation. Optimal extraction of the above four major isoflavones was achieved when 40 g of soybean or soybean paste was refluxed in 100 mL of 95% ethanol for 2 hr. Ten different soybean cultivars and nine commercial soybean pastes were analyzed by this method. The total isoflavone content was highest in the cultivar Somyung ($2,497\;{\mu}g/g$ dry weight). The isoflavone content in soybean pastes varied widely from manufacturer to manufacturer (an almost five-fold difference between the highest and lowest values). Such variations were presumably due to differences in fermentation conditions, type of soybeans used, and levels of such additives as starch and salt.

Comparison of Isoflavone Composition and Content in Seeds of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Germplasms with Different Seed Coat Colors and Days to Maturity

  • Choi, Yu-Mi;Yoon, Hyemyeong;Lee, Sukyeung;Ko, Ho-Cheol;Shin, Myoung-Jae;Lee, Myung-Chul;Oh, Sejong;Desta, Kebede Taye
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제33권6호
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    • pp.558-577
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    • 2020
  • Isoflavone contents in soybean seeds are affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Correlation analysis between these factors and isoflavone contents are considered as valuable inputs when breeding improved soybean cultivars. In this study, the seeds of 49 soybean accessions grown in Korea were grouped as black, yellow, green, yellowish-green, pale yellow, and green with a black spot based on their seed coat colors. The contents of 12 isoflavones were analyzed and the association between isoflavone content and seed coat color was determined. The accessions were also grouped as early, intermediate, and late-maturing based on their days to maturity. Out of the 12 isoflavones, 11 were found in 2 accessions, 9 in 18 accessions, 8 in 11 accessions, 7 in another 11 accessions, and 6 in 7 accessions. The total isoflavone content (TIC) in black, yellow, green, yellowish-green, pale yellow, and green with black spot soybeans was in the ranges 2.110 ~ 5.777, 2.487 ~ 4.733, 2.185 ~ 4.413, 2.681 ~ 4.065, 1.827 ~ 4.085, and 3.376 ~ 4.133 mg/g, respectively. The average TIC was highest in green with black spot soybeans (3.616 mg/g), and lowest in pale yellow soybeans (2.875 mg/g). Besides, the average TIC was lowest in early maturing accessions compared to late- and intermediate-maturing accessions. TIC was strongly correlated to malonylgenistin (r = 0.91) and malonyldaidzin (r = 0.78) contents, and poorly correlated to glycitein (r = 0.04) and malonylglycitin (r = 0.18) contents. Also, days to maturity showed strong correlation with malonylgenistin (r = 0.47) content and TIC (r = 0.38). The principal component analysis outlined accessions with high TIC and diverse isoflavones along the first and second components, respectively. The results of the present study depicted that green soybeans with a black spot could be sources of high TIC. Furthermore, late-maturing accessions with diverse isoflavones in their seeds could be useful in future agricultural systems in Korea.

대두의 발아시간이 분리 균주로 제조한 청국장의 품질 특성에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Germination Time of Soybeans on Quality Characteristics of Cheonggukjang Fermented with an Isolated Bacterial Strain)

  • 정진보;최승권;정도연;김영수;김용석
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제44권1호
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    • pp.69-75
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    • 2012
  • 대두의 발아시간이 발아대두 청국장의 품질특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 청국장의 발효기간 중 아미노태질소 및 isoflavone 함량 등의 이화학적 특성과 amylase 및 protease 등 효소활성을 비교하였다. 전통 청국장에서 분리한 균주 중 이취가 상대적으로 적고, 점질물 생성량이 많은 B. subtilis SCD 115035 균주를 선발하여 청국장 제조에 사용하였다. 청국장의 pH는 발효 초기 pH 6.68-6.74에서 발효가 진행됨에 따라 점차 증가하여 발효 48시간에 pH 7.47-7.68을 나타냈다. 청국장의 점질물 함량은 발효 48시간에 발아 12시간 처리구에서 13.22%로 가장 높았으며, 대두의 발아시간이 증가함에 따라 점질물 함량은 감소하였다. 산성 protease 활성은 발아 0시간 처리구에서 발효 72시간에 0.323 unit/mL로 가장 높았다. 산성 및 중성 protease 활성은 비발아대두로 제조한 청국장에서 발아대두로 제조한 청국장보다 높게 나타났다. ${\alpha}$-Amylase와 ${\beta}$-amylase 활성은 발아 시간 및 발효 시간에 따라 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 비발아대두로 제조한 청국장의 아미노태질소 함량이 발효 48시간에 436.93 mg%로 가장 높았으며, 그 함량은 발아 12시간 처리구와 비슷하였다. 발아 36시간 처리구의 총 isoflavone 함량은 발효 72시간에 $839.86{\pm}8.24{\mu}g/g$로서 가장 높았으며, 발효기간 동안 발아 0, 12, 24시간 처리구보다 높게 나타났고, 발아 0, 12, 24시간 처리구 사이에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 청국장을 제조하기 위하여 대두를 발아했을 때 점질물의 함량, protease 활성 및 아미노태 질소 함량은 대조구보다 감소하였으나 기능성 성분인 isoflavone 함량은 발아 36시간 처리구에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다.

싹튼 콩으로 제조한 메주의 발효기간에 따른 품질변화 (Changes in Quality Characteristics of Meju Made with Germinated Soybean during Fermentation)

  • 최웅규;김미향;이난희;정연신;황영현
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제39권3호
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    • pp.304-308
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    • 2007
  • 본 연구에서는 24시간 동안 싹튼 콩을 원료로 하여 콩알 메주를 제조한 후 발효기간에 따른 각종 품질의 변화를 조사하였다. 발효 전 기간 동안 pH는 6.3-6.5로 큰 변화가 없는 것으로 조사되었다. 증자 직후의 아미노태 질소함량은 15.5 mg%였으며, 발효가 진행됨에 따라 급격히 증가하여 발효 48시간째에는 312.9 mg%를 나타내었다. 발효기간별 미생물의 변화를 확인한 결과 곰팡이의 수가 높게 나타난 반면 호기성 세균과 효모의 수는 낮게 나타났는데 이는 메주의 제조 시 Aspergillus oryzae를 접종하였기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 발효가 진행됨에 따라 유기산 함량은 점차 높아져 발효 48시간째에는 1,067.3 mg%가 검출되었으며 함량별로는 발효 전 기간에 걸처 citric acid가 가장 많이 검출되었다. 유리아미노산 함량은 발효가 진행됨에 따라 함량이 급격히 높아져 발효 48시간째에는 2,513.5 mg%로 발효 전에 비해 5.7배 가량 많이 검출되었다. 함량별로 보면 glutamic acid가 가장 많았으며, aspartic acid, lysine, leucine 및 proline의 순으로 많이 검출되었다. glutamic acid의 총아미노산에 대한 비율은 발효가 진행됨에 따라 점차 증가하여 발효 48시간째에는 21.2%로 나타났다. 총 Isoflavone의 함량은 발효초기에 123.9 mg%로 약간 증가한 후 그 수준을 지속적으로 유지하는 것으로 나타났으며, 발효 전 기간 동안 genistein>daidzein>glycitein의 순으로 나타났다.

Metabolism of Isoflavone Derivatives During Manufacturing of Traditional Meju and Doenjang

  • Jang, Chan-Ho;Park, Chun-Seok;Lim, Jin-Kyu;Kim, Jeong-Hwan;Kwon, Dae-Young;Kim, Yong-Suk;Shin, Dong-Hwa;Kim, Jong-Sang
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.442-445
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    • 2008
  • Meju, a major ingredient of doenjang which is a popular Korean traditional fermented soyfood, was manufactured by fermenting steamed soybeans in natural environment in which steamed soy was exposed to airborne microorganism, in particular, fungi. Total isoflavone content was reduced from 1,849 mg/kg of cooked soy to 816 mg/kg of meju at the $90^{th}$ day of fermentation. Total glycosides and aglycones of isoflavones in meju were 1,827 and 22 mg/kg at 0 day and changed into 487 and 329 mg/kg at the 90th day of fermentation, respectively. Meanwhile, the ratio of glycosides to aglycones of isoflavones was not changed during aging of doenjang but remained relatively constant with 592 and 644 mg/kg aglycones at the 0 and $160^{th}$ day, respectively. When cooked soy was fermented with Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus flavus, isoflavone profiles were significantly different from each other while A. oryzae caused more extensive metabolism of isoflavones than A. flavus.

Antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extract and fractions of Doenjang in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages

  • Kwak, Chung Shil;Son, Dahee;Chung, Young-Shin;Kwon, Young Hye
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제9권6호
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    • pp.569-578
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    • 2015
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Fermentation can increase functional compounds in fermented soybean products, thereby improving antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activities. We investigated the changes in the contents of phenolics and isoflavones, antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity of Doenjang during fermentation and aging. MATERIALS/METHODS: Doenjang was made by inoculating Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus licheniformis in soybeans, fermenting and aging for 1, 3, 6, 8, and 12 months (D1, D3, D6, D8, and D12). Doenjang was extracted using ethanol, and sequentially fractioned by hexane, dichloromethane (DM), ethylacetate (EA), n-butanol, and water. The contents of total phenolics, flavonoids and isoflavones, 2,2-diphenyl-1 picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were measured. Anti-inflammatory effects in terms of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG) E2 and pro-inflammatory cytokine production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expressions were also measured using LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. RESULTS: Total phenolic and flavonoid contents showed a gradual increase during fermentation and 6 months of aging and were sustained thereafter. DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP were increased by fermentation. FRAP was further increased by aging, but DPPH radical scavenging activity was not. Total isoflavone and glycoside contents decreased during fermentation and the aging process, while aglycone content and its proportion increased up to 3 or 6 months of aging and then showed a slow decrease. DM and EA fractions of Doenjang showed much higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and DPPH radical scavenging activity than the others. At $100{\mu}g/mL$, DM and EA fractions of D12 showed strongly suppressed NO production to 55.6% and 52.5% of control, respectively, and PGE2 production to 25.0% and 28.3% of control with inhibition of iNOS or COX-2 protein expression in macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: Twelve month-aged Doenjang has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities with high levels of phenolics and isoflavone aglycones, and can be used as a beneficial food for human health.