• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.573-581
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• 2018

In this paper we consider all orientation-preserving ${\mathbb{Z}}_{p^2}$-actions on 3-dimensional handlebodies $V_g$ of genus g > 0 for p an odd prime. To do so, we examine particular graphs of groups (${\Gamma}(v)$, G(v)) in canonical form for some 5-tuple v = (r, s, t, m, n) with r + s + t + m > 0. These graphs of groups correspond to the handlebody orbifolds V (${\Gamma}(v)$, G(v)) that are homeomorphic to the quotient spaces $V_g/{\mathbb{Z}}_{p^2}$ of genus less than or equal to g. This algebraic characterization is used to enumerate the total number of ${\mathbb{Z}}_{p^2}$-actions on such handlebodies, up to equivalence.

• 유공압시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.12-17
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• 2010

The poppet valve had used every field area due to high quality of leakage property and response characteristic. But this valve still has terrible disadvantage that is self-exited vibration. This problem affects stability of total system and raises noise. The researcher tries to reduce that self-exited vibration when valve was designed. The stability discriminant is the typical study to improve the performance of the poppet valve. This paper concerns about stability discriminant that uses poppet valve with a drain orifice. At the first, the mathematical model is computed from poppet valve. After that, the limitation of stability is calculated that based on Nyquist criterion. At the final, the stability discriminant is selected in each condition and the graph that shows stability in the system is drown by dimensionless quantity.

• Journal of Software Assessment and Valuation
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.125-142
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• 2021

Reports of rampant cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities raise growing concerns on the effectiveness of current Static Analysis Security Testing (SAST) tools as an internet security device. Attentive to these concerns, this study aims to examine seven open-source SAST tools in order to account for their capabilities in detecting XSS vulnerabilities in PHP applications and to determine their performance in terms of effectiveness and analysis runtime. The representative tools - categorized as either text-based or graph-based analysis tools - were all test-run using real-world PHP applications with known XSS vulnerabilities. The collected vulnerability detection reports of each tool were analyzed with the aid of PhpStorm's data flow analyzer. It is observed that the detection rates of the tools calculated from the total vulnerabilities in the applications can be as high as 0.968 and as low as 0.006. Furthermore, the tools took an average of less than a minute to complete an analysis. Notably, their runtime is independent of their analysis type.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.681-691
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• 1986

To represent the relations of the data dependency and resource conflict among micro-operations(MOP's) in the compaction process of microprograms, we propose a DDM (data dependent matrix) representation method instead of the DAG (conventional directed acyclic graph). Also, we propose a global compaction algorithm of microprograms to prevent a kind of block copying by cutting the trace at a junction block. The DDM method and compaction algoristhm have been applied to the Lah's example. The results shows that the proposed algorithm is more efficient than the conventional algorithms in reducing in reducing the total execution time and control memory space.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.279-292
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• 2011

Movie is a representative media that can transmit stories to audiences. Basically, a story is described by characters in the movie. Different from other simple videos, movies deploy narrative structures for explaining various conflicts or collaborations between characters. These narrative structures consist of 3 main acts, which are beginning, middle, and ending. The beginning act includes 1) introduction to main characters and backgrounds, and 2) conflicts implication and clues for incidents. The middle act describes the events developed by both inside and outside factors and the story dramatic tension heighten. Finally, in the end act, the events are developed are resolved, and the topic of story and message of writer are transmitted. When story information is extracted from movie, it is needed to consider that it has different weights by narrative structure. Namely, when some information is extracted, it has a different influence to story deployment depending on where it locates at the beginning, middle and end acts. The beginning act is the part that exposes to audiences for story set-up various information such as setting of characters and depiction of backgrounds. And thus, it is necessary to extract much kind information from the beginning act in order to abstract a movie or retrieve character information. Thereby, this paper proposes a novel method for extracting the beginning boundaries. It is the method that detects a boundary scene between the beginning act and middle using the accumulation graph of characters. The beginning act consists of the scenes that introduce important characters, imply the conflict relationship between them, and suggest clues to resolve troubles. First, a scene that the new important characters don't appear any more should be detected in order to extract a scene completed the introduction of them. The important characters mean the major and minor characters, which can be dealt as important characters since they lead story progression. Extra should be excluded in order to extract a scene completed the introduction of important characters in the accumulation graph of characters. Extra means the characters that appear only several scenes. Second, the inflection point is detected in the accumulation graph of characters. It is the point that the increasing line changes to horizontal line. Namely, when the slope of line keeps zero during long scenes, starting point of this line with zero slope becomes the inflection point. Inflection point will be detected in the accumulation graph of characters without extra. Third, several scenes are considered as additional story progression such as conflicts implication and clues suggestion. Actually, movie story can arrive at a scene located between beginning act and middle when additional several scenes are elapsed after the introduction of important characters. We will decide the ratio of additional scenes for total scenes by experiment in order to detect this scene. The ratio of additional scenes is gained as 7.67% by experiment. It is the story inflection point to change from beginning to middle act when this ratio is added to the inflection point of graph. Our proposed method consists of these three steps. We selected 10 movies for experiment and evaluation. These movies consisted of various genres. By measuring the accuracy of boundary detection experiment, we have shown that the proposed method is more efficient.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.499-506
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• 2019

This paper is concerned with the operating stability of 7kW inverter using SIC hybrid module and verifies the validity of the simulation results by comparing the result of the loss equation and the simulation result, Simulation results using Si module and SiC hybrid module are compared to compare switch loss and diode loss. Through the loss equation calculation, the conduction loss of SiC Hybrid module is 168W, switching loss is 9.3W, diode loss is 10.5nW, When compared with the simulation results, similar values were shown. As a result of comparing the simulation results of the Si module and the SiC Hybrid module, The total device loss of the Si module was 246.2W, and the total device loss of the SiC Hybrid module was 189.9W. The loss difference was 56.3W, which was about 0.8W. thereby verifying the reverse recovery characteristics of the SiC SBD. In addition, temperature saturation test was conducted to confirm the stability of SiC Hybrid module and Si module under high temperature saturation, In the case of the Si module, the output power was stopped at 4kW, and the SiC Hybrid module was confirmed to operate at 7kW. Based on this, an efficiency graph and a temperature graph are presented, and the Si module is graphed up to 4kW and the SiC Hybrid module is graphed up to 7kW.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.1907-1914
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• 2010

A novel catalytic kinetic method is proposed for the determination of Se(IV), Se(VI) and total inorganic selenium in water based on the catalytic effect of Se(IV) on the reduction of bromate by p-nitrophenylhydrazine at pH 3.0. The generated bromine, $Br_2$ or $Cl_2$ plus $Br_2$ in 0.1 M NaCl (or NaBr) environment efficiently decolorized Calmagite and the reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically at 523 nm as a function of time. In this indicator reaction, bromide acted as an activator for the catalysis of selenium (IV) and a reducing agent for selenium (VI) at pH 3.0, which allowed the determination of total selenium. The fixed time method was adopted for the determination and speciation of inorganic selenium. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph are linear in the range 1 - 35 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$ of Se(IV) for the fixed time method at $25^{\circ}C$. The detection limit based on statistical $3S_{blank}$/m-criterion was 0.215 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$ for the fixed time method (7 min). All of the variables that affect the sensitivity at 523 nm were investigated, and the optimum conditions were established. The interference effect of various cations and anions on the Se (IV) determination was also studied. The selectivity of the selenium determination was greatly improved with the use of the strongly cation exchange resin such as Amberlite IR120 plus. The proposed kinetic method was validated statistically and through recovery studies in natural water samples. The RSDs for ten replicate measurements of 5, 15 and 25 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$ of Se(IV) and Se(VI) was changed between 2.1 - 4.85%. Analyses of a certified standard reference material (NIST SRM 1643e) for selenium using the fixed-time method showed that the proposed kinetic method has good accuracy. Se(IV), Se(VI) and total inorganic selenium in environmental water samples have been successfully determined by this method after selective reduction of Se(VI) to Se(IV).

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.129-135
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• 2009

We investigated the moth diversity on an island of southern sea of Korea. We collected moths at three sites on the island of Bogildo, Wando-gun, Jeonnam using a 22-watt ultraviolet light trap from May to October, 2008, and identified a total of 272 species and 948 individuals in 13 families. Species of Noctuidae was the most abundant, with 107 species and 318 individuals, followed by Geometridae (62 species and 147 individuals) and Pyralidae (53 species and 269 individuals). The graph of the estimated species richness in Chao 1 (432.25$\pm$37.39) did not reach an asymptote, which suggests that more moth species could be identified on the island through further sampling. An arctiid moth, Miltochrista striata, was the most abundant species captured in this study. Monthly changes in moth species richness and abundance formed M-shaped curves, with peaks in early summer (June) and late summer (August). Cluster analysis of seven sites on three islands (Aphaedo Island, Sinan-gun, Oenarodo Island, Goheung-gun and Bogildo Island) divided the sites into two groups. Distances among sites and habitat types may play an important role in determining the similarities of moth faunas among sites.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 1995

Power spectral analysis of spontaneous heart rate fluctuations were assessed by use of autooic blocking agents and changes in posture. The total power spectral range of interest is divided amongst the various experiments so that each respiratory pattern contributes a spectral ratio of interval to respiration only over a group of frequencies for which the specific respiratory pattern has substantial, and roughly constant, spectral magnitudes. System hardware is consisted ECG preamplifier, respiratory fluctuation detect, interval time generator and IBC 486PC. High frequency fluctuation, at the respiratiory frequency, are decreased by standing and are mediated solely by the parasympathetic system. Power spectral analysis is a powerful nonivsve tool for quantitying autonomic nervous system activity.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1991.10a
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• pp.589-594
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• 1991

Group Technology (GT) is a technique for identifying and bringing together related or similar components in a production process in order to take advantage of their similarities by making use of, for example, the inherent economies of flow production methods. The process of identification, from large variety and total of components, of the part families requiring similar manufacturing operations and forming the associated groups of machines is referred as 'machine-component grouping'. First part of this paper is devoted to describing a hierarchical divisive algorithm based on graph theory to find the natural part families. The objective is to form components into part families such that the degree of inter-relations is high among components within the same part family and low between components of different part families. Second part of this paper focuses on establishing cell design procedures. The aim is to create cells in which the most expensive and important machines-called key machine - have a reasonably high utilization and the machines should be allocated to minimize the intercell movement of machine loads. To fulfil the above objectives, 0-1 integer programming model is developed and the solution procedures are found. Next an attempt is made to test the feasibility of the proposed method. Several different problems appearing in the literature are chosen and the results air briefly showed.