• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2015

The extract of white rose petals has an antioxidant effect and can be used to treat allergic disease. The purpose of this study was to identify optimal conditions for extracting antioxidative compounds from white rose petals with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activities. A response surface methodology based on a central composite design was used to investigate the effects of three independent variables: ethanol concentration ($X_1$), extraction temperature ($X_2$), and extraction time ($X_3$). The estimated optimal conditions for obtaining phenolic compounds with antioxidant activities were as follows: ethanol concentration of 42% ($X_1$), extraction time of 80 min ($X_3$), and extraction temperature of $75^{\circ}C$ ($X_2$). The estimated optimal conditions for obtaining flavonoid compounds with antioxidant effects were an ethanol concentration of 41% ($X_1$), extraction time of 119 min ($X_3$), and an extraction temperature of $75^{\circ}C$ ($X_2$). Under these conditions, predicted response values for the phenolic and flavonoid contents were 243.5 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry mass and 19.93 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g dry mass, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.891-896
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• 2008

Total phenolics and flavonoids, and the antioxidant capacity of plum cultivar wines (Prunus salicina L. cv. Soldam and P. salicina L. cv. Formosa) were determined using spectrophotometric methods. The total phenolic and flavanoid contents of Soldam wine were $478.4\;{\pm}\;5.6\;mg$ GAE and $202.4\;{\pm}\;7.5\;mg$ CE per L,respectively, and in Formosa wine were $200.6\;{\pm}\;7.5\;mg$ GAE and $64.4\;{\pm}\;6.8\;mg$ CE per L, respectively. Neutral and acidic phenolics in Soldam wine were extracted with ethyl acetate and 0.01 N HCl, respectively. In the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay, neutral phenolics (64.5 EDA%) had $3{\sim}4$ times higher antioxidant activity than acidic phenolics (21.5 EDA%) and other related phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid (15.5 EDA%) and quercetin (24.6 EDA%) at a concentration of $100\;{\mu}g/mL$. The antiviral activities of neutral and acidic phenolics in Soldam wine were investigated in vitro using a virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition assay. Results showed that neutral and acidic phenolics at concentrations of $100\;{\mu}g/mL$ inhibited porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) replication at rates of 78.12% and 58.37%, respectively. The inhibition rate of 10 g/mL neutral phenolics (69.42%) was higher than that of ribavirin as an antiviral reagent (57.86%). At concentrations of $100\;{\mu}g/mL$ or less, neutral and acidic phenolics of Soldam wine had no cytotoxic effect against vero cells.