• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.243-252
• /
• 2000

This study examined the effects of excess intake of calcium(Ca) and iron(Fe) supplements on iron bioavailability, liver and kidney functions in anemic model rats. Seven-week-old female rats were first fed and Fe-deficient diet for ten weeks, and then fed one of nine experimental diets for an additional eight weeks, containing three levels of Ca, normal (0.5%) or high(1.5%) or excess (2.5%) and three levels of Fe, normal(35ppm) or high(210 ppm) or excess(350ppm). In anemic model rats, serum Fe, total iron binding capacity(TIBC), hemogolin(Hb), hematocrit(Hct) and liver Fe contents were significantly decreased. Apparent Fe absorption significantly increased with increasing dietary Fe levels, and decreased with increasing dietary Ca levels. serum Fe concentration significantly increased in rats fed a high- and excess-Fe diet, and decreased in rats fed a excess-Ca diet. TIBC was decreawed in rats fed a excess-Ca diet, and transferrin saturation(%) increased in rats fed ahigh- and excess-Fe diet. Hb and Hct were decreased in rats fed an excess-Ca diet regardless of dietary Fe levels. Fe and thiobarbituric acid reactin gsubstance(TBARS) Contents of liver significantly increased in rats fed a high- and excess0-Fe diet, and decreased in rats fed a high- and excess-Ca diet. Fe content of the spleen showed similar results. Urinary creatinine and GFR increased in rats fed an excess-Ca diet regardless of dietary Fe levels. GOT, GPT and LDH were not significantly affected by dietary Ca and Fe levels. These results suggest that excess intake of Fe may increase liver Fe deposits and TBARS, and excess intake of Ca may decrease Fe bioavailability and kidney function leading to potential health problems in anemic model rats.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.363-376
• /
• 1993

This study was taken to examine serum components concentrations and electrophoretic patterns of female tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) living in 0$\textperthousand$, 10$\textperthousand$, 20$\textperthousand$, and 30$\textperthousand$ salt concentrations, respectively. The results obtained in these experiments were summarized as follows. The level of albumin and total protein showed changes in each salinity, but didn't significantly(P<0.05) change in Oreochromis niloticus. The level of BUN didn't significantly(P<0.05) change. When fish were adapted from 0$\textperthousand$ to 10$\textperthousand$, 20$\textperthousand$ and 30$\textperthousand$, each calcium level in every salinity groups showed less than that of control, and didn't significantly change in 10$\textperthousand$, 20$\textperthousand$, 30$\textperthousand$ salinity. The level of calcium didn't significantly(P<0.05) change in each salinity. In 20$\textperthousand$ salinity, the level of cholesterol was at the highest peak. When fish were adapted from 0$\textperthousand$ to 10$\textperthousand$, 20$\textperthousand$ and 30$\textperthousand$, each glucose level gradually decreased. When fish were adapted from 0$\textperthousand$ to 10$\textperthousand$, 20$\textperthousand$ and 30$\textperthousand$, each glucose level gradually decreased. When fish were adapted from 0$\textperthousand$ to 10$\textperthousand$, 20$\textperthousand$ and 30$\textperthousand$. In 30$\textperthousand$ salinity, the level of alkaline phosphatase was at the highest peak. The level of serum enzyme such as SGOT and SGPT was higher in seawater-adapted group than in freshwater group. The level of phosphorus chnage significantly(P<0.05) in each salinity. Correlation coefficient between serum albumin and glucose in 0$\textperthousand$ was ＋0.924. Correlation coefficient between serum SGOT and SGPT of individuals in 0$\textperthousand$ was ＋0.917. Fraction 1 of transferrin patterns of tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) adapted in seawater was much thicker than that of transferrin patterns of individuals adapted in freshwater. Also fraction No. a wasn't observed in some individuals adapted in freshwater. These results showed that transferrin adapted in seawater relatively increased. Slight differences, that is, showed to be observed in total iron binding capacityand iron saturatin rate between tilapia adapted in freshwater and in seawater. The increase in total iron binding capacity was attributed to a rise in transferrin pressent in the first fraction of serum protein adapted in seawater. Accordingly, the serum iron levles seemed to be related to salinity($\textperthousand$).

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.28-35
• /
• 2001

This study was designed to assess the iron nutritional status and anemia of high school students. 383 female subjects in Ulsan Metropolitan city were evaluated using a questionnaire, and a measurement of hematological indices. The average height and weight of the respondents were 161.24$\pm$4.90 cm and 53.12$\pm$6.37kg, repectively. The average BMI(body mass index) was 20.43$\pm$2.26 which was in the normal ramge. The average hemoglobin(Hb) concentration of the subjects was 13.14$\pm$0.97g/dl, and the average hematocrit(Hct) level was 40.84$\pm$17.40%. Transferrin saturation{TS(%)} was 20.86$\pm$10.32%, and the ferritin by Hct(＜36%), 27.2%by TS(＜14%),26.6% by ferritin(＜12 ng/ml). As for clinical symptoms, the greatest number of respondents reported that they experienced ‘decreased ability to concectrate’. Mean daily intakes of iron were 14.89$\pm$4.48 mg and heme iron intakes were 5.04$\pm$2.13 mg, which was 29.6% of total iron intake. The total iron binding capacity(TIBC) was negatively correlated with Hb concentration(r= -0.222, p＜0.01). Serum ferritin was positively correlated with Hb concentration(r= - 0.323, p＜0.05) and negatively correlated with TIBC(r= -0.367, p＜0.01). TS(%) was positively correlated with Hb concentration(r= 0.402, p＜0.01) and positively correlated with serum ferritin(r=0.413, p＜0.01). As for the correlation between blood biochemistry and clinical symptoms related to anemia, the Hb concentration was negatively correlated with ‘shortening of breath when going upstairs(p＞0.05)’ and ‘cold hands and feet’ significantly(r= -0.109, p＜0.05). The level of Mean corpuscular volume(MCV) was negatively correlated with ‘feel dizzy when standing up’,‘tired out easily’, and ‘decrease ability to concentrate’ significantly(p＜0.05). In particular, the level of Fe was negatively correlated with ‘shortening of breath when going upstairs’ and ‘feeling blue’ significantly(p＜0.01). These results suggest That the prevalence of iron deficiency of female high school students is very high, therefore guidelines for diet supports and nutrition education to improve their iron status should be provided.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제51권8호
• /
• pp.827-833
• /
• 2008

목 적 : 영유아기에 발생하는 철 결핍성 빈혈은 성장, 발달에 심각한 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 철 결핍을 조기 진단하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 고식적으로 사용되고 있는 혈청 ferritin이나 iron 대신 염증이나 만성질환 등에 영향을 받지 않고 철 결핍 상태를 진단하는데 비용이나 혈액채취량의 부담을 줄일 수 있는 장점이 있는 망상적혈구혈색소량을 다른 철 결핍 지표들과 함께 비교하였다. 방 법 : 2006년 6월부터 2007년 1월까지 을지대학병원 소아과에 급성 감염성 질환으로 입원한 생후 6개월에서 24개월 영유아를 대상으로 하였다. 정맥혈을 채혈하여 ADVIA 120 (Bayer Diagnostics, NY, USA)을 이용하여 Hb, MCV, MCH, CH, CHr, RDW를 검사하였고, 철 상태를 평가하기 위하여 iron, iron binding capacity, ferritin을 측정하였다. 혈색소 11 g/dL, Tfsat 20%를 기준으로 철 결핍성 빈혈군, 철 결핍군, 철 결핍이 없는 군을 나누었다. 결 과 : 총 69명의 영유아 중 철 결핍이 있는 환아가 47명, 이중 17명이 철 결핍성 빈혈군에 해당되었으며 철 결핍이 없는 군이 22명이었다. 빈혈을 포함한 철 결핍이 있는 집단과 철 결핍이 없는 군과는 MCH (P<0.01), CH (P<0.01), RDW (P<0.05) 및 CHr (P<0.01)이 유의하게 차이가 있었지만, ferritin은 두 집단 간에 차이가 없었다(P=0.109). CHr은 철결핍에 유의한 예측변수로 나타났다(LRT=71.25; odds ratio=0.67 [95% 신뢰구간, 0.47-0.97]; P<0.05). 철 결핍군을 빈혈이 있는 집단과 빈혈이 없는 집단과 비교하였을 때 MCV, MCH, CH, RDW가 유의한 차이를 보였다(모두 P<0.05). 또한 CHr, iron, TIBC, ferritin은 두 군간에 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). CHr의 cutoff 27.4 pg을 기준으로 전체 집단을 구분하여 비교하였을 경우에는 Hb, MCH, CH, Tfsat, iron (모두 P<0.05) 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으나 MCV (P=0.188), RDW (P=0.138), ferritin (P=0.730), TIBC (P=0.700)는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : CHr은 일부 기종에 국한되어 제공되는 사항이고 적절한 참고치의 설정이 필요하지만, 6개월에서 24개월령의 유소아에서 철 결핍 상태를 진단하는데 급성염증반응에 영향을 받지 않고, 비용이나 혈액채취량의 부담을 줄일 수 있는 장점이 있어 새로운 지표로 이용이 가능하리라 생각된다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 2003

Food intake patterns and iron nutritional status of male and female college students were studied based on dietary iron density. Dietary data were collected using the method of 24-hour recalls for 3 consecutive days from 106 students, and fasting blood were drawn to measure iron nutritional status indicators such as total iron binding capacity, serum iron, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and red blood cell count. Mean daily iron intakes of male and female students were 13.3㎎ and 10.0㎎, which were 107% and 63% of the RDA, respectively. However, dietary iron density were similar between male and female students as 5.9㎎/1,000㎉ and 5.7㎎/1,000㎉, respectively. The diets were divided into two groups according to iron density; high iron density group (6㎎/1,000㎉ or more) and low iron density group (less than 6㎎/1,000㎉). The students in high density group had lower intakes of energy, especially fat, than those in low density group. Female students in high density group showed significantly higher intakes of iron, and non-heme iron and folate than those of low density group. The students in high density group consumed more rice, hamburger, and eggs, while those in low density group consumed more Ra-myon and alcoholic beverages. The students in high density group consumed greater proportions of iron from plant-origin foods. Vegetables, legumes and seasonings were the food groups that female students in high density group consumed significantly more than those in low density group. Also the percentages of female students with iron deficiency were higher in low density group. These results suggest that diet with high iron density is important to improve iron nutritional status of women, and further research about the effective way to increase iron density in our diet is needed.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.835-844
• /
• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the dietary behaviors, nutritional status and hematological status of female ballet majors a university. The study was conducted from May 11 to June 20, 2004 by questionnaires, anthropometry and blood analysis and data analyzed by SPSS program. The results are summarized as follows: The body mass index (BMI) and body fat rate of the ballet majors were significantly lower than those of the controls. Eighty-six point four percent of the ballet majors and $58.3\%$ of the controls had weight control experiences. Intakes of the nutrients were lower than those of the Korean recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) , except vitamin C in the ballet majors. Intakes of calories, calcium and iron were lower than those of the RDAs in the controls. Serum triglyceride levels of the ballet majors were significantly lower than that of the controls. HDL-cholesterol concentration was higher in the ballet majors than in the controls. No differences were found in the serum total cholesterol level, hemoglobin level, and hematocrit value between the groups. Total iron binding capacity of the ballet majors was higher than that of the controls. Serum iron level was significantly lower in the ballet majors than in the controls. Nutrition knowledge scores and dietary attitude scores were lower in the ballet majors than in the controls. Self esteem and body-cathexis of the ballet majors were higher than that of the controls. These results indicate that the ballet majors should be given more nutritional education to improve their nutritional status and the dancing Performance. (Korean J Community Nutrition 10(6) : $835\∼844$, 2005)

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2002

목적 : 자성(雌性) 흰쥐에서 phenylhydrazine으로 유발된 용혈성 빈혈에 오미자 약침의 항빈혈효과를 알아보기 위해서 적혈구수, hematocrit ratio, hemoglobin, 혈청 철함유량 및 serum total iron binding capacity (TIBC)를 관찰하였다. 방법 : 실험동물은 정상군, 대조군, 250 mg/kg 오미자 투여군 및 500 mg/kg 오미자 투여군으로 총 4개의 군으로 분류하였다. 정상군의 흰쥐는 아무런 처치도 하지 않았고, 대조군은 phenylhydrazine으로 용혈성 빈혈을 유발하였다. 오미자 투여군은 용혈성 빈혈을 유발한 후 7일간 매일 250 mg/kg 및 500 mg/kg의 용량으로 중완혈에 자침하였다. 결과 : 적혈구수, hematocrit ratio 및 hemoglobin은 대조군에서 정상군에 비해 감소한 반면 오미자 투여군은 증가하였다. 혈청 철함유량과 TIBC는 대조군에서 증가하였으나, 오미자 투여군에서는 감소하였다. 이러한 결과로 중완혈에 오미자 자침은 phenylhydrazine으로 유발된 용혈성 빈혈에서 항빈혈효과가 있는 것으로 사려된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.171-180
• /
• 1982

The nutritional survey and blood sampling was conducted from May 23 to 27, 1971, in order to investigate the state of the nutritional intake in relation to blood contents of rural women. This survey covered a total of 47 women residing in Youngam-gun, Cholla-namdo, Korea. The daily diet of these subjects was observed by 24-hour recall method and weighing method for 3 days and hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit(Hct), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), serum protein, serum albumin, A/G ratio, serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (TS), serum cholesterol and blood specific gravity (SG) were measured. The results were summarized as follows ; The rate of intake of vegetable foods was high, especially cereals, and that of animal foods was low, especially eggs and milk and milk products. The daily intake of niacin was sufficient, and the intakes of energy and iron were also tend to be adequate. On the contrary, the intakes of vitamin A, $B_2$ and C, calcium and protein were insufficient. The mean red blood cell number was $410.8{\pm}26.4{\times}10^{4}/mm^{3},$ the mean values of Hb, Hct and MCHC were $12.5{\pm}0.9gm%$, $37.5{\pm}2.4%$ and $33.2{\pm}0.5%$ thus the anemic prevalences were 21.3%, 12.8% and 93.6% comparing with the anemic criteria of WHO. The levels of serum protein and serum albumin were $7.1{\pm}0.4gm\;%$ and $4.3{\pm}0.3gm\;%$so the A/G ratio was indicated $1.6{\pm}0.2.$. The levels of serum iron and TIBC were $91.9{\pm}27.5{\mu}g/100ml and $297.5{\pm}31.4{\mu}g/100ml,$ so TS was calculated $31.2{\pm}9.7\;%$. The mean value of SG was $1.044{\pm}0.002,$ and the level of serum cholesterol was $164.3{\pm}25.4mg/dl$. In the relation between each of bloood content, Hb showed positive correlation not only with Hct but also protein at the level of significance of 1 per cent and 5 per cent, and protein also showed a positive correlation with serum cholesterol at the 1 per cent level of significance. In the relation between the nutrient intake and blood contents, vitamin C intake showed a positive correlation with Hb, serum protein and serum iron at the level of significance of 1 per cent, iron intake also showed a positive correlation with serum iron and serum cholesterol at the same significant level, and protein intake showed a positive correlation with serum iron at the at the level of significance of 5 per cent.

• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.113-122
• /
• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of serum ferrum, TIBC and ferritin's circadian rhythm in normal adults and to prepare a standard to determine the examination material extraction time. Method: Nine women and ten men made up the convenience sample for this study they were from the staff of D university hospital and students in D medical School located in K city who met the qualifications for inclusion in the sample. The value of serum ferrum, TIBC and circadian rhythm were calculated as follows : First. each variable's amplitude. the acrophase and average were measured for a 24 hour cycle using the cosinor method, and then each person's rhythm was analyzed. Results: There were significant serum iron circadian rhythm for both men and women (p<.05). For the men, mesor was $105.91{\mu}g/dl$. amplitude was $29.52{\mu}g/dl$, and the acrophase was 9.76 hour. For the women, mesor was $108.17{\mu}g/dl$, amplitude was $28.09{\mu}g/dl$, and the acrophase was 11.42 hour The rhythm change of TIBC was only significant for the women (p<.05), mesor was 383.39mg/dl, amplitude was 60.29mg/dl. and the acrophase was 14.93hour. As for the circadian rhythm of the ferritin, there are no diurnal variation in either sex, men were between 134.0ng/ml and 137.4ng/ml, and women, between 29.1ng/ml and 30.1ng/ml. Conclusion: To help diagnose the boundary line between normal or deficiency in iron, measurement should be carried out at a fixed time in the morning and evening, or a more proper time would be in the afternoon at the time when the width of amplitude is the least.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.352-362
• /
• 1994

1993년 9월 1일부터 1994년 9월 30일 까지 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 산부인과에서 진단, 분만한 35례의 임신성 고혈압 산모와 37례의 정상 만삭임선 산모의 혈액소견과 그 선생아의 혈액소견 및 혈청 철 상태를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 임신성 고혈압 임부에서 혈색소의 증가가 있었다. 임신성 고혈압 및 정산 만삭 임부의 혈색소 농도와 그 신생아의 혈청 철 상태사이에는 유의한 상관관계가 없었다. 임신성 고혈압 임산부의 신생아와 정상 만삭 임산부의 신생아 제대혈액내의 혈색소 농도 및 hematocrit치는 서로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 임신성 고혈압 임산부의 신생아는 정상 만삭 임산부의 신생아에 비해 제대혈청 철이 다소 증가하고 ferritin이 감소하는 양상을 보였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 임신성 고혈압 임산부의 선생아는 정상 만삭 임산부의 신생아에 비해 총 철 결합능 및 불포화철 결합능이 현저히 증가되어 있었다. 임신성 고혈압 임산부의 신생아는 잠재적인 철 결핍의 가능성이 있으며, 출생 후의 급속한 철분의 소모에 대비하여 철 결핍에 대한 주의깊은 관찰과 예방이 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.