• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1727-1738
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• 2016

In this study, groundwater flow was analyzed targeting Dae-jeong watershed, which exhibited the largest variations of groundwater levels at the identical elevation points among the 16 watersheds of Jeju Island. The issues of the methods applied in practice were identified and improvement plans were suggested. This groundwater-flow estimates derived by applying hydraulic conductivity values onto zones of equal topographic ground level were found to be quite different from actual measured groundwater flow. Conversely, groundwater-flow estimates that utilized hydraulic conductivity values applied onto groundwater-level equipotential lines indicated relatively lesser divergences from actual measured groundwater flow. The reliabilities of the two approaches were assessed for 60 randomly selected points on DEM (digital elevation model) maps, The method using hydraulic conductivity values applied onto groundwater-level contours turned out to be the more reliable approach for the Dae-jeong watershed in Jeju Island.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.118-125
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• 2012

본 연구는 수치지형도 기반의 수치고도모델 생성 방법에 따른 정사영상 품질변화를 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 우선 축척 1/5,000 수치지형도의 등고선만을 사용한 수치고도모델(Case1)과 등고선과 표고점을 함께 사용한 수치고도모델(Case2)을 제작하여 수치고도모델 자체 제작 정확도를 검증하는 한편 이들 수치고도모델을 이용하여 시범지역에 대한 아리랑위성 2호 정사영상을 생성하였다. 실험결과 경사지와 산지도로와 같은 지형에 있어서는 Case2가 효과적이고, 넓은 평지의 경우 갑작스런 높이차로 인한 왜곡을 방지하기 위해서는 Case1을 사용하는 것이 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2000

Buffer zone selection technique for natural purification of livestock wastewater within a small agricultural watershed was developed using Geographic Information Systems. The technique was applied to $4.12\;km^2$ watershed located in Gosan-myun, Ansung-gun which have 20 livestock farmhouses. As a necessary data for selecting process, feedlot site map, digital Elevation Model (DEM), stream network, soil and land use map were prepared. By using these data, wastewater moving-path tracing program from each feedlot to the stream was developed to get the basic topographic factors; average slope through the paths, distance to the nearest stream and watershed outlet. To identify the vulnerable feedlots for storm event, the grid-based storm runoff model (Kim, 1998; Kim et al., 1998) was adopted. The result helps to narrow down the suitable area of buffer zone, and finally by using subjective but persuasive conditions related to elevation, slope and land use, the suitable buffer zones were selected.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• 제1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2001

Now that importance of landscape planning unique to each area is emphasized, it is necessary to conduct landscape planning by taking advantage of natural environments unique to each ares, because its natural environments are regarded as one of the assets the area possesses. This study targets at Kawachinagano City, Osaka, one of the residential areas that I not only rich in natural and historical elements, but also has been rapidly growing. The purposes of this study are to evaluate change in landscape structure over time by analyzing relation between landform and pattern of expanding the built-up area at three time points of 1932, 1967, and 1994 with GIS (ARC/INFO 7.0.3, ARC/View 3.0 (ESRI)), as well as to make some suggestions for planning landscape unique to the area. Data on main ridges, sub ridges, main rivers, and other landform were read from the elevation map, and data on woodland, and parks and open spaces (having more than 3 ha area) were read from the existing land use map. The data were used to understand the natural structure of the city from topographic viewpoint. Next, the existing land use map prepared with data on the built-up area and urban axes consisting of roads and streets were overlaid on the elevation map in order to understand relation between pattern of expanding the built-up area and the natural structure.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
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• pp.117-117
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• 2020

The main objective of this study was to setup model and evaluate the model performance for streamflow simulation in Burundi using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The total area of Burundi is 27,834 ㎢. The elevation of Burundi ranges from 780 m to 2,700m. The West and East are low lands, while the Central part is high land. The topographic data (30 meters Digital Elevation Model) and land use and land cover data of Burundi were obtained respectively from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and the Regional Centre for Mapping of Resources for Development (RCMRD). The soil data used was obtained from Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The local weather data and discharge data were provided by Burundi Hydro meteorological Service (IGEBU). Mean Areal Precipitation (MAP) and Mean Areal Temperature (MAT) were estimated. The streamflow simulation was done for the period 1980-2017. The calibration and validation of river discharge was performed at a daily time step from 2005 through 2011 as the calibration period and 2012 up to 2017 as the validation period. The findings show that streamflow decreases during Jun to September and increases during March to May and October to December.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.142-142
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• 2022

Adjusting weather radar data is a prerequisite for its use in various hydrological studies. Effect of spatial variables are considered to adjust weather radar data in many of these researches. The existence of diverse topography in South Korea has increased the importance of analyzing these variables. In this study, some spatial variable like slope, elevation, aspect, distance from the sea, plan and profile curvature was considered. To investigate different topographic conditions, tried to use three radar station of Gwanaksan, Gwangdeoksan and Gudeoksan which are located in northwest, north and southeast of South Korea, respectively. To form the suitable fuzzy model and create the best membership functions of variables, ANFIS-PSO model was applied. After optimizing the model, the correlation coefficient and sensitivity of adjusted Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE) based on spatial variables was calculated to find how variables work in adjusted QPE process. The results showed that the variable of elevation causes the most change in rainfall and consequently in the adjustment of radar data in model. Accordingly, the sensitivity ratio calculated for variables shows that with increasing rainfall duration, the effects of these variables on rainfall adjustment increase. The approach of this study, due to the simplicity and accuracy of this method, can be used to adjust the weather radar data and other required models.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

This study tried to reveal relative surface denudation resistance and ranking by geologic types in the Southern Korean Peninsula using an 1:250,000 digital geologic map and ASTER GDEM. Among rock types such as igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, metamorphic rock showed the greatest resistance to surface denudation. The most resistant rock to surface denudation by geologic periods (e.g., the Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic) was found from the Precambrian. Among the major tectonic settings in the Southern Korean Peninsula such as the Gyeonggi massif, Okcheon belt, Yeongnam massif, Gyeongsang basin and Pohang basin, the Okcheon belt indicated the greatest resistance. The most and least resistant rocks from the representative nine rocks in the Southern Korean Peninsula were Paleozoic limestone, and Cretaceous sedimentary rock and Cenozoic sedimentary rock, respectively. This study suggests that Paleozoic limestone, Cretaceous volcanic rock, Paleozoic sedimentary rock and Precambrian gneiss can be regarded as hard rocks with high elevation, steep slope and complicated relief, while soft rocks with low elevation, gentle slope and simple relief are Jurassic granite, Cretaceous sedimentary rock and Cenozoic sedimentary rock.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.443-452
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• 2024

The recent increase in impermeable surfaces due to urbanization and the occurrence of concentrated heavy rainfall events caused by climate change have led to an increase in urban flooding. To predict and prepare for flood damage, a convenient and highly accurate simulation of rainfall-runoff based on geospatial information is essential. In this study, the storm water management model (SWMM) was applied to simulate rainfall runoff in the Bangbae-dong area of Seoul, using two sets of topographical data: The conventional topographic digital elevation model (TOPO-DEM) and the proposed shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM)-DEM. To evaluate the applicability of the SRTM-DEM for rainfall-runoff modeling, two DEMs were constructed for the study area, and rainfall-runoff simulations were performed. The construction of the terrain data for the study area generally reflected the topographical characteristics of the area. Quantitative evaluation of the rainfall-runoff simulation results indicated that the outcomes were similar to those obtained using the existing TOPO-DEM. Based on the results of this study, we propose the use of SRTM-DEM, a more convenient terrain data, in rainfall-runoff studies, rather than asserting the superiority of a specific geospatial data.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.393-407
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 광학 원격탐사 영상의 획득 시 태양의 고도 및 방위가 대상 지역의 지형기복과 결합하여 나타나는 영향 및 다수의 시기에 걸쳐 획득한 영상을 비교분석하는 경우 영상 촬영시기의 차이로 인한 태양의 위치변화와 지형기복이 결합하여 나타나는 영향에 대한 보정을 시도하였다. 한라산과 다수의 분석구가 분포하는 제주도를 대상으로 Landsat 7 ETM+ 영상과 ASTER GDEM 지형자료를 사용하여 국지적조도의 모델링 시 커널의 크기를 $3{\times}3$, $5{\times}5$, $7{\times}7$, $9{\times}9$ 화소로 변화시키며 Lambertian 보정기법인 cosine 보정법과 비 Lambertian 보정기법인 c-보정법을 적용하고 보정기법 및 커널 크기에 대한 지형보정 효과를 분석하였다. 개별 영상의 육상지역에 대하여 보정을 수행한 결과 커널의 크기 $7{\times}7$을 적용한 c-보정법을 사용하였을 때에 보정효과가 가장 우수한 것으로 평가되었고, 대상지역을 ISODATA 무감독분류법을 이용하여 선택된 산림지역에 한정하여 지형보정을 수행한 경우에는 커널의 크기 $9{\times}9$를 적용한 c-보정법을 사용하였을 때에 가장 우수한 결과가 도출되었으며 다양한 지표피복이 혼합된 대상지역 대한 보정보다 효과가 큰 것으로 평가되었다. 다시기 영상의 경우 세 시기에 획득된 영상에 대하여 각각 지형보정을 수행한 후 상대적 방사도 보정을 적용하였을 때 지형보정을 수행하지 않은 경우와 비교하여 적외선 파장영역에서는 보다 균질한 반사도로 방사보정이 이루어졌으며 가시광 파장영역에서는 원영상의 반사도 패턴이 잘 보존된 결과가 도출되었다. 이상의 결과로부터 주변 지형으로부터 반사되는 에너지와 불완전한 대기보정으로 인한 잔류 대기영향을 고려하는 c-보정법을 적용하는 경우 cosine 보정법보다 우수한 지형보정 효과가 나타나며 수치표고모델에 내재된 수평과 수직방향 오차 및 위성영상과의 정합오차의 영향을 감소시기키 위하여 국지적 조도의 모델링 시 커널의 크기를 증가시키는 경우 지형보정의 효과가 증대되는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2012

수치표고모델(DEM : Digital Elevation Model)을 생성하거나 지상의 객체를 추출하기 위해서 라이다 자료에서 지면점과 비지면점을 분리하는 필터링(filtering) 과정은 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 라이다 자료에서 지면점을 추출하는 데 사용되는 기존의 필터링 방법을 대상으로 정성적 분석과 정량적 분석을 통해 가장 효과적인 필터링 알고리즘을 선정하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 Adaptive TIN, Perspective Center Based Filtering Algorithm, Elevation Threshold with Expand Window, Progressive Morphology의 4가지 필터링 방법을 산악지역, 도시지역, 건물과 산이 공존하는 3가지 지역에 적용하여 각각의 방법에 대한 특징을 분석하였다. 실험에 사용된 4가지 필터링 방법의 정성적인 비교는 음영기복도를 생성한 후 시각적인 방법을 적용하였고 정량적인 비교는 GPS로 관측한 검사점을 이용한 절대적인 비교와 국토지리정보원의 수치표고모델을 이용하여 상대적인 비교를 수행하였다. 라이다 필터링 실험을 통하여 Adaptive TIN 알고리즘은 산악지역과 도시지역에서 지면점을 가장 효율적으로 추출하였고 건물과 산이 공존하는 지역에서는 Progressive Morphology 알고리즘이 가장 양호한 결과를 나타내었다. 또한 정성적, 정량적 비교 결과 전반적으로 지역적 특성에 관계없이 적용가능한 필터링 알고리즘은 ATIN 알고리즘으로 나타났다.