• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2003

저자들은 좌주기관지내 피덩이로 인해 폐허탈과 심한 호흡부전을 보인 환자에서 기관지내 국소 우로키나아제의 사용으로 피덩이를 효과적으로 제거한 예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.172-180
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• 2009

Objective : to investigate the modalities and treatments with atopic dermatitis. Methods : We made up a questionnaire consisting of symptoms, birth, family history, previous treatments of atopic dermatitis. We interviewed mild to severe 60 atopic dermatitis patients with questionnaire, from August to October, 2008 who were participating in clinical trials of Kyunghee University East-west neo medical center. Results : The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. 49(81.7%) out of 60 patients reported previous or current use of medical treatment, and most common type of medical treatment was topical corticosteroid (95.9%). Oral antihistamine (61.2%), oral corticosteroid (61.2%) were also commonly used. 2. 31(51.7%) out of 60 patients reported previous or current use of oriental medical treatment, and most common type of oriental medical treatment was herbal medicine(100%). Acupuncture (41.9%), Herbal external supplements (22.6%) were also used. 3. 36(60.11% ) out of 60 patients reported previous or current use of folk remedies, and the most common type of folk remedy was extract of tree(Mokcho-ak)(75.0%). Aloe(61.1%), Charcoal(22.2%) were also commonly used. Conclusion : It seems the frequency of folk remedies used were related to severity of AD. However, there were no significant difference between medical treatment and oriental medical treatment.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1983년도 제17차 학술대회연제순서 및 초록
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• pp.5.2-5
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• 1983

후두유두종은 후두에 발생하는 병리 조직학적으로는 양성이나 임상적으로는 이비인후과 영역에서 가장 처급하기 곤란한 질환중의 하나로 일반적으로 유-소아에서 많이 볼 수 있는 질환인 것은 주지의 사실이다. 1817년 Cleesmann이 성대에 발생한 유두종을 처음 보고한 이래 그 원인에 대해서는 아직 학설이 구구하며 소아에서는 호흡곤란과 빈번한 재발에 의한 발성 장애를 일으키며 성인에서는 악성화하는 경향이 많다. 한편 치료방법도 결정적으로 효과있는 것이 없고 계속적인 절제술과 그외 여러 가지 방법을 병용하고 있는 현실로서 실제로 악성종양으로 취급되고 있다. 저자들이 경험한 본 증례도 절제술외 5-FU 국소도포를 시도한 예로써 13 년간 경과를 관찰한 결과 치료 경과도중 종양의 발생부위의 변화에 흥미를 느껴 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.506-512
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• 2001

Ketoprofen (KP) was formulated as a transdermal patch using the percutaneous penetration enhancers sorbitan monmmleate(SMO), polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP). The control patch without penetration enhancers showed a KP flux of 8.9$\pm$0.75$\mu\textrm{g}$/$\textrm{cm}^2$/h The flux was increased in proportion to the concentration of SMO added. Furthermore, lag times were decreased upon addition of SMO. Conversely; the skin flux of KP was decreased in proportion to the concentration of PVP added. Pharmacokinetic parameters including $C_{max}$, $T_{max}$, and AUC were increased when SMO was added. However, $C_{mas}$ significantly decreased by the addition of PVP. $T_{max}$ was not significantly different in 2%, 4%, and 8% PVP patches. Patches containing 4% PVP showed the highest AUC value (19.158$\mu\textrm{g}$.h/ml). We found that the effectiveness of the two percutaneous penetration enhancers for topical KP patches was similar, with the addition of appropriate amounts of HPC modifying both skin flux and lag time of KP in the patches. In conclusion, it is possible to manufacture KP patches exhibiting high AUC, high skin flux, and short lag time using percutaneous penetration enhancers of SMO and PVP.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.435-440
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• 1996

The effect of benzalkonium chloride on skin permeability of partially modified antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (PS-ODN), which are designed as scar formation inhibitor, was investigated using Franz Diffusion Cell. When the concentration ratio of PS-ODN-quarternary ammonium salt complex is more than 1:100, the apparent partition coefficient (APC) of each complex was increased in the following order; tetraphenyl phosphonium chloride (TPP) < cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) < benzalkonium chloride (BZ). The permeability of PS-ODN through the rat skin increased in the presence of BZ. The fluxs of PS-ODN with BZ were increased by addition of Pluronic F 68 or Triton X-100 to phosphate buffered saline (PBS), respectively. When the mole ratio of PS-ODN to BZ is 1:10, the fluxs penetrated of PS-ODN with BZ was greatest. The increase of the permeability in the presence of BZ might be due to the formation of lipophilic ion-pair complex between PS-ODN and BZ. By regulation of mole ratio of PS-ODN to BZ, the development of topical dosage forms using PS-ODN as scar formation inhibitor will be possible with minimal systemic exposure.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.102-108
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• 1996

Inhibitory effects of tannic acid on the lipid peroxidation induced by UVB were investigated. Tannic acid was administered either topically or orally for 3 days to hairless mice, which were previously irradiated with UVB, and inhibitory effects of tannic acid were measured. The UVB was found to cause skin erythema and hemolysis. When tannic acid was administered either topically or orally, hemolysis was decreased. After the skin was irradiated by UVB, the production of malondialdehyde was significantly decreased in erythrocyte and skin tissue, and the activities of SOD and catalase were significantly increased in plasma and skin tissue. In case of oral treatment, catalase activity was not significantly increased. The inhibitory effects of tannic acid on malondialdehyde production, SOD inhibition and catalase inhibition were more prominent in orally administerd groups than in topically administerri groups. However, the difference between two groups was not statistically significant. In conclusion, tannic acid decreased lipid peroxidation possibly by free radical scavenger action. The route of administrations, topical or oral, did not affect the antioxidative activity of tannic acid.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2000

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the topical bioavailability of retinol (vitamin A) after its transdermal administration. For this purpose, we developed the convenient HPLC method to measure the retinol concentration in the biological fluids such as plasma and skin tissues. The low detection limit was $0.1\;{\mu}g/ml$ using a gradient HPLC system of UV detection. The initial plasma concentration of retinol was about $20\;{\mu}g/ml$ after its i.v. bolus administration (4.32 mg/kg). The half life $(t_{1/2{\alpha}})$ in the distributive phase was 1.3 min, while retinol was slowly disappeared in the post-distributive phase. On the other hand, the maximum plasma concentration $(C_{max})$ was about 776 ng/ml after appling to rat skin at a dose of 43.2 mg/kg. Furthermore, the concentration of retinol in the skin tissues was about 600 ng/g tissue at 12 hr after its transdermal administration. In conclusion, the initial plasma concentration of retinol was comparable with the skin concentration after its cutaneous absorption, followed by being decreased with the passage of the time.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.145-154
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• 1989

Methyl methacrylate-butyl methacrylate copolymer (MMBM)-povidone (PVP) films were investigated as a potential topical drug delivery system for the controlled release of econazole nitrate as a model drug. The effect of changes in film composition, drug concentration, film thickness, pH and temperature of release medium on the in vitro release of econazole nitrate were studied. The release rate constant was found to be increased with increasing povidone content in dry films. Drug release followed zero-order kinetics in the initial stage and then release rate increased gradually with time, espicially in the films having larger proportions of PVP. The release rate was found to be dependent on drug content, film thickness, the pH and temperature of release medium. Antimicrobial test showed that microbial growth was inhibited markedly with increasing proportions of PVP in films. Also drug content and film thickness affected the antimicrobial activity.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2008

Wood vinegar is well known as a softening agent affecting on the stratum corneum that is easy to penetrate into the skin. In this study, we prepared mixed ursolic acid hydrogel with wood vinegar(1, 2, 5%) as a penetration enhancer. The accumulation of ursolic acid in the skin from hydrogels was evaluated in vitro hairless mouse skin and skin moisturizing effect of them was evaluated using the corneometer and the tewermeter. And the role of stratum corneum as a protective barrier was evaluated as well. The hydrogels were retained about 40% of water retention capacity 2hrs and had better effect on the stripped skin than full-thickness skin. The accumulation of ursolic acid through stripped skin from hydrogels with wood vinegar was not change compared to normal skin, which indicated the action site of wood vinegar and the accumulation site of ursolic acid would be stratum corneum. From these result, we could find wood vinegar seems to be a good enhancer for active materials with anti-wrinkle and anti aging effect such as ursolic acid, and can be a developed topical delivery system maintaining excellent water retention capacity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1199-1202
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• 2011

Infection of surgical wounds is a severe problem. Conventional tissue reattachment methods have limits of incomplete sealing and high susceptibility to infection. Medical adhesives have several advantages over traditional tissue reattachment techniques, but still have drawbacks, such as the probability of infection, low adhesive strength, and high cytotoxicity. Recently, a new medical adhesive (new-adhesive) with high adhesive strength and low cytotoxicity, composed of aldehyded dextran and ${\varepsilon}$-poly(L-lysine), was developed. The antimicrobial activity of the new-adhesive was assayed using agar media and porcine skin. In the agar diffusion method, inoculated microorganisms that contacted the new-adhesive were inactivated, but this was not dependent on the amount of new-adhesive. Similar to the agar media results, the topical antimicrobial effect of new-adhesive was confirmed using a porcine skin antimicrobial assay, and the effect was not due to physical blocking based on comparison with the group whose wounds were wrapped.