• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.139-156
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• 1995

A set of field investigations was performed to estimate accurately the predominant periods of seismic 8round motions and the attenuation characteristics of the seismic ground vibration. Predominant periods of ground motions were estimated from the measurement of the continuous microseismic vibratins of certain periods, inherent in the ground and in the buildings, utilizing the high sensitivity digital velocity seismometer consisting of 3-component geophones and a digital seismograph. Estimated predominant periods of microseismic vibraion of the ground(measured on'the ground surface) and the building (measured on the second floor) were in the range of 0.18~0.235 sec. and 0.26~0.31 sec. respectively. The subsurface structure of the site ground was surveyed by the seismic refraction method utilizing the digital seismicwave probing system. The ground structure was found to be a two-layered system : an upper top soil layer of 7m in thickness with the P-wave velocity of 662m1sec and a lower layer of silty-clayey soils with the P -wave velocity of 2210m1 sec. The attenuation characteristics of the seismic ground vibrations were determined by the amplitude decay measurement method us;ng the Seisgun, which produces strong artificial seismic energy. Measured spatial attenuation coefficients of the ground vibration in vertical(Z) longitudinal(X), transverse(Y) direction were 0.1137, 0.0025, and 0.0290 respectively. Estimated Spartial QP's (inverse of the specific dissipation constant w.r.t. shear waved of X, Y, and Z directions were in the range of 5.913~7.575, 32.371~41.452, 2.794~3.579 re spectively. This indicates that aseimic design of the structures on the site should take stronger consideration regarding the earthquake resistance characteristics of the structures against longitudinal ground motion.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.14
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• pp.23-28
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• 2013

This paper aimed to show the whole conservation process of the human shaped terra cotta mask that was excavated from one of construction sites at Jungcheon-ri, Geumsan-myeon, Jinju. This mask was X-rayed to get the correct making techniques and there are 4 holes on the top of the head and each diameter of the 3 holes is exact and the other hole is different from the three. The long and sharp shape of the nose is in trapezoid which was separately made with clay and put on (the face). It's found that there are round grooves each around upper and down lips. (upper in length: 10mm, down in length: 6 mm). All restoring materials and adhesives used for restoration to associate each piece are reversibility materials. According to a few points on buried bones of animals distributed around the sites, holes and grooves on the top of the head, ears and teeth to wear something, it academically presumes that this mask could be possibly used for the group ritual. Especially, the whole procedure from excavation to scientific conservation process resulted to have a special exhibition to give the public new eyes how the exhibition realizes to the public.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.70-73
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• 2006

The magnetization angle and thickness dependence of magnetic anisotropy in the exchange-biased [Pd/Co]${\times}$5/FeMn multilayers with an out-of-plane anisotropy were investigated to determine the origin of perpendicular exchange biasing. As the Co thickness increased to 1.5 nm in the [Pd(0.8 nm)/Co(t)]${\times}$5/FeMn(120 nm) films, the hysteresis loops were converted from square loops at a thin Co (<0.4 nm) to complicated round ones at a thick Co. The irregularly asymmetric step (IAS) at the left top of the loop appeared in the loop of the 0.6-nm Co film due to an inhomogeneity in the exchange anisotropy. As the Pd thickness increased to 1.6 nm, the step disappeared, and the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy was maximized in the Co thickness between 0.6 and 0.9 nm. The conversion of the magnetization loop along the magnetization angle coincided with the equation $H_{(eff)}=H_o\;cos{\theta}$. The IAS of the 0.8-nm Pd film disappeared after thermal annealing up to $200^{\circ}C$ under an external magnetic field.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.260-272
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• 2001

In this paper, we have designed a region-based image retrieval system, FRIP(Finding Region In the Pictures). This system includes a robust image segmentation scheme using color and texture direction and retrieval scheme based on features of each region. For image segmentation, by using a circular filter, we can protect the boundary of round object and merge stripes or spots of objects into body region. It also combines scaled and shifted color coordinate and texture direction. After image segmentation, in order to improve the storage management effectively and reduce the computation time, we extract compact features from each region and store as index. For user interface, by the user specified constraints such as color-care / don't care. scale-care / dont care, shape-care / dont care and location-care / dont care, the overal/ matching score is estimated and the top Ie nearest images are reported in the ascending order of the final score.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.87-120
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to identify the design characteristics of the multi-leveled chest(jang) which was the main furniture of the master bedrom(anbang) in the Chosun Dynasty. The major findings and conclusions were: 1. The front view of the multi-leveled chest were composed of a protruded top panel(kaepan), drawers, folded doors, sectional panels(chwibyok kan and morum kan) and base stand(madae) in general. Variety in the front view found more frequently in single level chests than bi- or tir-level chests. 2. The overall dimensions of each type of chest increased with increase in number of levels, but the height of the sectional parts decreased. That is, the overall proportion of the single level chests were 10 : 9, bi-level chests were 5 : 6, and tri-level chests were 2 : 3. The proportion of 1 : 1, 4 : 5, 1 : 3, 1 : 4, 1 : 5 were found often in the sectional parts such as drawers, doors, chwibyok kans and morum kans. 3. In general, the surface treatments were subtle. Carved or inlayed ornamentation were seldom seen, and most chess were finished with clear lacquer to show the natural wood grain. There were no distinctive characteristics of surface ornamentation characteristic of any one type of chest. 4. The general patterns of the metal ornaments were spade(yowidu), round, bow, rectangular(yakgua), bat and flower shapes. The multi-level chests were decorated with more metal ornament types compared with the single-level chests. 5. In conclusion, there was more variety in all the design elements in the single level chests compared with the other types of chests. The bi-and tri-level chests were quite stylized in composition, size, proportion, surface treatment, and metal ornamentation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.1-16
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• 2013

Xiognu people were the first of the Central-Asian nomads to establish a nation in 209 B.C. They always moved around looking for places to breed their animals and fertile grounds, so they wore clothes made of fur and leather and covered their tents with felt from the livestock. This research studies on the literatures, costumes and the achievement of archaeological excavation. Furthermore, to investigate on costumes excavated of Xiongnu, we visited the Mongolian National Museum and the Hermitage Museum. A corn-hat made of felt, a felt hat with ear flaps and a golden crown with a bird on the top were unearthed from a tomb of Xiongnu in Inner mongolia. Women usually wore pigtails, and men wore pigtails or ponytails but they cut their hair short when holding a funeral. Many pigtails discovered in Noyon uul tombs can be considered as their funeral customs. The Xiongnu wore a round or v-neck caftan attached straight sleeves reaching knees in the left folded style, and because they always rode horses, having the length of the caftan not go past their buttocks would have made it more convenient for them. During the period of Western Han, Ho refered to Xiongnu and it became a common name for northern races. They used leather belts and an animal-designed buckle was found. Women commonly rouged their cheeks for a vivid and cute look, and many ornaments were excavated including bracelets, rings and decorations made of gold, silver, copper and jade, among which there were hair ornaments used to identify one's class. A horse pattern with wings and a horn of Golmod T20 was substitution for the Schythian use of deer. Patterns or shape of unearthed articles present in the Xiongnu culture in Noyon uul had a close relationship with Altaic, Greek and Persian cultures. The Xiongnu clothing was made of animals' skin and fur, woolen textiles and felt. It was folded to the left for upper garments, and the pants were adjusted using a belt and shoes were made of leather, which was very suitable for protection against the cold and horse riding. Mobility played a significant role in their clothing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.5 s.164
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• pp.788-800
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to develop a caregiver's uniform that is appropriate for nursing and to improve movement adaptability as well as having a pleasing appearance. Based on the results of preliminary study, I investigated the inconvenience and problems with the existing uniforms and made a sample uniform taking into consideration the design, the material, and the pattern. We carried out a sensory assessment and quantitative assessment in order to compare the sample uniform with existing uniforms. Following are the results of this research. The top is a short-sleeved blouse with a round neckline having no collar and with armpit gussets. The armpit gussets are semicircles and the inverted pleats in the back are an improvement designed for activity. The pants are long reaching to the ankles with elastic in the waist so that the waist measurement may be adjusted. The length of the pants can be adjusted with strings and the pants have a funnel-shaped pocket for adjustment of length. We used a mix of polyurethane and polyester for the outer cloth of the uniform in order to improve activity function and used $Coolever^{TM}$, the sanitary textile that absorbs moisture well and dries in a short time, for gussets in the armpits, which is the heavy sweat area. The appearance assessment and movement adaptability assessment were performed with 5 subjects and 9 experts. For the results of the assessment, the sample uniform was appraised to be better than the existing uniforms in every item of an appearance comparison assessment except for the neckline assessment by the experts. As for the assessment of movement appropriateness and wearing assessment, the same subjects were used for analysis. As the results of the assessment, the sample uniform was rated higher than the existing uniforms in movement adaptability and pleasing appearance.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.35-42
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• 2013

The study aims to investigate general characteristics of Jae-sil from an architectural perspective by grasping location, deployment, structure, and plan composition based on existing inhabited conditions in Jeollabukdo. Results derived from the study are as follows. First, the location of Jae-sil is classified into mountainous and village types, and the two types showed a similar distribution. The village type showed the most distribution in the foot of a mountain in the rear of village, while the mountainous type is close to graveyard. The Jae-sil were mostly exposed to south, southeast, and southeast, which was not significantly different from residence. For deployment of the Jae-sil, a "二" shaped house, where main quarter and gated building are parallel located, can be common, indicating that additional attached building is less required. Second, for the platform out of structural components, coursed masonry was conducted by using natural rocks, and placed were a prop on the platform, first line on processed foot stone, and others on natural foot stone. For pillar, front line round columns, while others square columns. The binding type of the upper part of pillar is dominated by jangyeosujang and sorosujang. For wooden frame structure, 5ryangs were the most distributed, and out of these, 1goju 5ryang was the most generally used. For a roof part, it was composed with gambrel roof with single eave, and the roof was constructed by placing traditional Korean tile roof on the top. Third, for a size of Jae-sil out of plan composition, although the facade and the side of it were presented in a diverse manner, 4 facade rooms and 1.5 side rooms were the most frequently presented, and all Jae-sil were equipped with front ceremonial space. For spatial composition of Jae-sil, main floored hall is placed at the center, and each room is placed on the left and right side to secure space for ancestral rite for participants of it, and for a house with 5 rooms or more, it shows that main floored hall and rooms are weighted from side to side.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.579-588
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• 2017

This study investigates the wearing behavior and athleisure wear design preferences of women in their twenties as related to the design development of athleisure wear. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 185 women in their 20s. The survey was conducted from September to October 2016. Questionnaire items consisted of respondents' general items, athleisure wear and preference related items, and athleisure wear purchase related items. We collected 185 questionnaires from participants; subsequently, 169 were used as analytical data (except for incomplete questionnaires). The results of the study are as follows. Fit and wear comfort was the most important factor in the selection of athleisure wear. As a result of investigating the popularity of the athletic wear brand, the preference for the total sportswear brand was higher than the professional athletic wear brand. When the preferred colors were examined, the achromatic colors were ranked higher than chromatic colors. An examination of the preferred designs according to items indicated that the bra top preferred the 'U' shaped front plate and the 'Y' base basic type; in addition, T-shirts with the round neckline and the 1/4 length sleeves were preferred as tops. Leggings preferred long length type. It is necessary to develop a brand that matches the preference of the twenties' consumers by adjusting the aged target that can avoid the overheated competition and develop a niche market.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.118-129
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• 2010

Digital technology introduced into the clothing and fashion industry is evolving to digital virtual fashions and consumer-centered mass-customized production systems. Today the application of such 3D virtual try-on systems is being expanded gradually in the clothing industry. This study purposed to make virtual avatars and virtual garments using OptiTex and V-stitcher virtual software and compared the appearance of the virtual garments put on the virtual avatars. For this, we created virtual avatars and virtual garments using body measurements obtained from jive subjects of top jive body shapes, respectively, using $[TC]^2$ body scanner. According to the results of comparing the outcomes of the two different virtual software systems, virtual avatar II of V-Stitcher tended to have a more round and lifted hip and the waist line at a higher position. In addition, the body curves and shapes of a virtual avatar affect the appearance of virtual garments. This study applied the same body measurements to virtual avatars and the same pattern to virtual garments, but when different kinds of virtual software were used, the virtual avatars and virtual garments showed different appearance and fit. This result may mean that when customers buy apparel products using different kinds of virtual try-on systems, their evaluation of appearance can vary depending on the virtual try-on system. Therefore, research needs to be made actively for the development and use of linkage programs that can reflect actual body measurements between virtual software systems and 3D body scanning systems.