• 제목/요약/키워드: tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)

검색결과 17건 처리시간 0.022초

The Tobacco Ubiquitin-activating Enzymes NtE1A and NtE1B Are Induced by Tobacco Mosaic Virus, Wounding and Stress Hormones

  • Takizawa, Mari;Goto, Akiko;Watanabe, Yuichiro
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.228-231
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    • 2005
  • Recent characterization of several genes involved in plant defense responses suggested that ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation has a role in these responses. We isolated two cDNAs (NtUBA1 and NtUBA2) encoding ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) from Nicotiana tabacum cv. BY-2. The open reading frames of both encoded 1080 amino acids, corresponding to molecular masses of 120 kDa. The E1s and corresponding transcripts were upregulated by infection with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), and to a lesser extent by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Furthermore, they were also upregulated by wounding stress, and the plant hormones salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and the ethylene precursor, aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). Our findings support the idea that the ubiquitin-proteasome system plays a role in plant disease defenses.

Isolation and Characterization of Pepper mottle virus Infecting Tomato in Korea

  • Kim, Mi-Kyeong;Kwak, Hae-Ryun;Han, Jung-Heon;Ko, Sug-Ju;Lee, Su-Heon;Park, Jin-Woo;Jonson, Miranda Gilda;Kim, Kook-Hyung;Kim, Jeong-Soo;Choi, Hong-Soo;Cha, Byeong-Jin
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.152-158
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    • 2008
  • A peculiar virus-like disease of tomato showing yellow mosaic and necrotic spots on leaves and necrosis on veins, petioles and stems was observed at the Tomato Experimental Station (TES), Buyeo, Chungcheongnamdo, Korea. The disease incidence at TES fields ranged from 21 to 35% infecting different tomato cultivars. For this reason, to identify the virus infecting tomato and to characterize the virus based on biology, serology, cytology and at molecular level. Here, leaf samples were randomly collected from different infected tomato cultivars at TES fields and greenhouses and tested by ELISA using Pepper mottle virus (PePMoV) and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) antisera. Infected saps were mechanically inoculated in different host plants to test for pathogenicity, symptomatology and host ranges. Infected tissues and ultrathin sections were examined by electron microscopy. Finally, putative coat protein and 3'-untranslated region (CP/3'-UTR) fragment was amplified and cloned for sequence determination and analyzed its genetic relationship to existing PepMoV and PVY sequences at the Genbank. Results showed 69% of the samples were positive with PepMoV, 13% with ToMV and 19 % were doubly infected with PepMoV and ToMV. Symptoms greatly varied from different host plants inoculated with tomato leaf sap infected with PepMoV alone and discussed in detailed in this paper. Electron microscopy from infected tissues showed filamentous particles of 720-750nm in length, a typical morphology and size of PepMoV. In addition, cylindrical inclusion bodies, pinwheels, scrolls and laminates with masses of fibrillar inclusions were also found in ultrathin sections. Alignment of the sequences of the CP/3'-UTR revealed >96% sequence identity with PepMoV and only <61% with PVY. Taken together, all these evidences presented clearly indicated that the causal agent infecting tomato at TES was PepMoV and we designated this PepMoV infecting tomato as Tom-sd2 strain in this study.

2007-2011 우리나라 농업현장 임상진단 요청 작물의 바이러스 감염 특성 (2007-2011 Characteristics of Plant Virus Infections on Crop Samples Submitted from Agricultural Places)

  • 김정수;이수헌;최홍수;김미경;곽해련;김정선;남문;조점덕;조인숙;최국선
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.277-289
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    • 2012
  • 농업인 등 농업현장에서 임상진단을 요청한 시료 수는 2007년부터 5년간 총 2,992건이었으며, 바이러스를 검정한 샘플 수는 13,325개이었다. 연도별 검출된 바이러스 종류는 2007년 21종, 2008년 15종, 2009년 23종, 2010년 21종, 2011년 17종이었다. 5년 동안에 우리나라에서 처음 검정된 바이러스는 2007년에는 TbLCV, 2008년에는 TYLCV, 2009년에는 INSV, RaMV, 2010년에는 BWYV이었다. 2007년부터 5년간 총 발생한 바이러스 종류는 알파파모자이크바이러스(Alfalfa mosaic virus, AMV) 등 총 40종이었다. 임상진단 요청 시료에서 가장 감염율이 높은 상위 10종의 바이러스는 CMV, TSWV, TYLCV, CGMMV, BBWV2, ZYMV, MNSV, PMMoV, WMV, PepMoV이었다. 농업현장에서 임상진단 요청한 작물의 종류는 총 53종이었으며, 상위 10위의 작물 종류는 고추, 토마토, 파프리카, 수박, 멜론, 벼, 오이, 옥수수, 무, 박이었으며, 상위 10개 작물과 20개 작물의 전체 임상진단 요청률은 각각 81.6%와 94.2%이었다. 고추에 감염된 바이러스는 BBWV2 등 8종이었으며, 검정한 샘플 가운데 바이러스가 검출된 비율은 CMV 24.6%, PMMoV 18.9%, TSWV 14.7%이었다. 2종 바이러스 복합감염 형태는 평균 감염률 14.7%의 BBWV2+CMV 등 7가지, 3종 바이러스 복합감염 형태는 평균 감염률 0.9%의 BBWV2+CMV+PepMoV 등 4가지이었다. 토마토에서 검출된 바이러스 종류는 CMV 등 6종이었으며 검정한 샘플 중 바이러스가 검출된 비율은 TYLCV 50.6%, TSWV 14.5%, TbLCV 10.9%이었다. 복합감염형태와 감염률은 CMV+TSWV 3.9%, ToMV+TYLCV 0.4%이었다. 수박에 감염된 바이러스는 CMV 등 5종이었으며 평균 검출 비율은 MNSV 37.0%, CGMMV 20.4%, ZYMV 18.1%, WMV 17.8%이었다. 수박 바이러스의 복합감염 형태와 검출비율은 CMV+MNSV 0.7%, WMV+ZYMV 5.0%이었다. 멜론에서 검출된 감염된 바이러스는 CMV 등 3종이었고 평균 검출비율은 MNSV 77.6%, CMV 5.6%, WMV 3.3%이었다. 복합감염은 CMV+ MNSV로 평균 검출비율은 13.5%이었다.

First Report of Tobacco mild green mosaic virus Infecting Pepper in Korea

  • Choi, Gug-Seoun;Kim, Jae-Hyun;Ryu, Ki-Hyun;Choi, Jang-Kyung;Chae, Soo-Young;Kim, Jeong-Soo;Chung, Bong-Nam;Kim, Hyun-Ran;Choi, Yong-Mun
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.323-327
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    • 2002
  • A rod-shaped virus was isolated from pepper showing mild mosic during the winter growing seasons of 2001 and 2002 in Korea. Based on its biological reactions, serological relationships, reverse transcription-poly-merase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers, and nucleotide sequence analysis of coat protein (CP) gene, the isolated virus was identified as Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV) and designated as Korean pepper isolate (TMGMV-KP). Crude sap from infected tissue was mechanically transmitted to various indicator plants, which produced characteristic symptoms of tobamovirus infection. However, no symptom was observed in Gomphorena globosa. In RT-PCR assays with specific primers toy respective detection of TMGMV, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Pepper mild mottle virue (PMMoV), and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), a single strong band of about 500 bp in length was produced from the sample used only with TMGMV primers. The amplified DNA was cloned and the nucleotide sequence was determined. Sequence comparisons with the CP gene of other tobamoviruses indicated that TMGMV-KP shared 99.3% identity with TMGMV Japanese isolate and only 59.1, 58.6, and 58.1% identity with TMV, PMMoV and ToMV, respectively. This is the first report of TMGMV in Korea.

Tomato Golden Mosaic Virus(TGMV) AL1 -gene의 antisense RNA 발현 형질 전환 식물체 (Transgenic Plants Expressing an Antisense RNA of ALl-Gene from Tomato Golden Mosaic Virus(TGMV))

  • 임성렬
    • 식물조직배양학회지
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.147-152
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    • 1998
  • AL1-gene은 TGMV의 복제에 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 이 AL1 gene의 발현을 억제하기 위해서는 식물체내에서 AL1 gene의 antisense RNA의 발현에 의한 억제가 효과적 방법 중에 하나로 알려져 있다. 이런 발현을 식물체내에서 실현시키기 위해 hygromycin 저항성 유전자에 antisense AL1-gene을 연결시키고, 연결된 부위를 CaMV35s-promoter와 octopine synthase gene terminator 사이에 연결시켰다. 이 유전자 발현 단위 부분을 다시 kanamycin 저항성 유전자 발현 단위 부분을 지니고 있는 형질 전환 벡터인 pBinAR에 삽입시켜 새로운 형질 전환 벡터인 pAR35-2를 개발하였다. 이 벡터를 Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404에 형질전환 시킨 다음, 토마토와 담배 잎사귀 조직에 감염시켜 식물체들을 kanamycin과 hygromycin이 함유된 배지위에서 배양하여 형질전환된 식물체들을 선발하였다. 형질 전환된 식물체들로부터 antisense AL1-gene 및 antisense RNA를 각각 PCR 및 RT-PCR를 이용한 southern hybridization 방법을 이용하여 증명하였고, 토마토 식물체의 공변세포쌍 내에 있는 엽록체 숫자가 여덟 개라는 것이 확인되어 형질 전환된 토마토 식물체가 2 배수체로서 정상적인 식물체라는 것을 증명하였다. 이러한 형질 전환 식물체는 앞으로 항 바이러스성 형질을 지니는 식물체들을 개발하는 데 많은 도움을 주리라 여겨 진다. 그리고, 본 연구에서 제조된 벡터 pAR35-2는 두 개의 항생제에서 동시 선발 할 수 있도록 되어 있고 promoter가 두 개로 되어 있어 형질 전환 식물체선발 및 유전자 발현 연구에 효과적으로 이용되어 질 수 있으리 라 여겨진다.

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The Detection of Plant Viruses in Korean Ginseng (Panax ginseng) through RNA Sequencing

  • Lee, Hong-Kyu;Kim, So-Yeon;Yang, Hee-Ji;Lee, Da-Som;Kwon, Boram;Lee, Dong-Yun;Oh, Jonghee;Lee, Su-Heon
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제36권6호
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    • pp.643-650
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    • 2020
  • Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) is a dicotyledonous, medicinal, perennial plant belonging to the genus Panax of the family Araliaceae. We investigated the occurrence and incidence of plant viruses in Panax ginseng in Korea. A total of 656 leaf samples were combined into one and total RNA was extracted from the polled sample, using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), a metatranscriptome analysis of the plant virome was conducted. The virus present in Panax ginseng was confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay using virus-specific primers. In RNA-Seq data analysis, the multiplication protein of four viral contigs including Aristotelia chilensis virus 1 (AcV1), Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), and Tobamovirus multiplication protein were discovered. From our metatranscriptome analysis and RT-PCR assay, TuMV and WMV were detected, whereas the three viruses reported in China such as tomato yellow leaf curl China virus; panax notoginseng virus A; and panax virus Y were not found in this study. The distribution of domestic ginseng viruses seems different from that recorded in China. Overall, this is the first plant virome analysis of Panax ginseng in Korea.

RT-PCR과 nested PCR을 이용한 Nepovirus속 식물검역 바이러스 4종의 정밀진단 (Development of RT-PCR and Nested PCR for Detecting Four Quarantine Plant Viruses Belonging to Nepovirus)

  • 이시원;강은하;신용길;이수헌
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.220-225
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구에서는 식물검역바이러스 4종(TBRV, ArMV, CLRV 및 GFLV)을 RT-PCR과 nested PCR 방법으로 진단 할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 방법은 모두 같은 PCR 조건으로 검사자에게 편리성과 신속성을 높여줄 뿐 아니라, 돌연변이-양성대조구의 사용으로 실험 오염여부를 확인할 수 있어 더욱 정확하다. 개발한 방법으로 최근 3년 Nepovirus속 4종의 바이러스를 검사한 결과, 27건을 검출하여 검역처분 하였다. 본 연구 결과들은 앞으로도 수출입 식물에서 해당 바이러스들을 신속, 정밀하게 진단할 수 있는 방법으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.