• Molecules and Cells
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.449-458
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• 2009

The OsAsr1 cDNA clone was isolated from a cDNA library prepared from developing seed coats of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Low-temperature stress increased mRNA levels of OsAsr1 in both vegetative and reproductive organs. In situ analysis showed that OsAsr1 transcript was preferentially accumulated in the leaf mesophyll tissues and parenchyma cells of the palea and lemma. For transgenic rice plants that over-expressed full-length OsAsr1 cDNA in the sense orientation, the Fv/Fm values for photosynthetic efficiency were about 2-fold higher than those of wild type-segregating plants after a 24-h cold treatment. Seedlings exposed to prolonged low temperatures were more tolerant of cold stress, as demonstrated during wilting and regrowth tests. Interestingly, OsAsr1 was highly expressed in transgenic rice plants expressing the C-repeat/dehyhdration responsive element binding factor 1 (CBF1), suggesting the regulation of OsAsr1 by CBF1. Taken together, we suggest that OsAsr1 gene play an important role during temperature stress, and that this gene can be used for generating plants with enhanced cold tolerance.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2023년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.32-32
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• 2023

Cadmium and salt exposure to crops is considered vulnerable for production as well as consumption. To address these challenges, the current study aimed to mitigate the toxicity induced by salt and cadmium in soybean plants through the application of bacterial strain Bacillus safensis KJW143 isolated from the rhizosphere of oriental melon..The bioassay analysis revealed that KJW143 is a highly salt-tolerant and cadmium-resistant (Cd) strain with an innate ability to produce melatonin, gibberellin (GA3), Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA), and organic acids (i.e., acetic, succinic, lactic, and propionic acids). Soybean plants at 20 days old were treated with KJW143 in a different form (pellet, broth, and together) and their effect on plant performance was investigated. Inoculation with KJW143enhanced plant biomass and growth attributes in soybean plants compared to the control (non-treated). In particular, we observed that only pellet-treated showed 65%, 27.5%, and 28.7% increase in growth (shoot fresh weight) compared to broth, broth with pellet, and control. In addition, bacterial strain KJW143 treatment (only pellet) modulated the physiochemical apparatus of soybean plants by increasing glucose (390%), arabinose (166%), citric acid (22.98%) and reducing hydrogen peroxide (29.7%), catalase (32.1%), salicylic acid (25.6%) compared to plants with combined stressed plants (cd and salinity). These findings suggest that bacterial strain KJW143 could be usedas a biofertilizer to minimize the probable risk of heavy metal and salinity stress on crops.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2007

5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP synthase, EC 2.5.1.19) is the sixth enzyme in the shikimate pathway which is essential for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids and many secondary metabolites. The enzyme is widely involved in glyphosate tolerant transgenic plants because it is the primary target of the nonselective herbicide glyphosate. In this study, the Dunaliella salina EPSP synthase gene was cloned by RT-PCR approach. It contains an open reading frame encoding a protein of 514 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 54.6 KDa. The derived amino acid sequence showed high homology with other EPSP synthases. The Dunaliella salina EPSP synthase gene was expressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant EPSP synthase were identified by functional complementation assay.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.242-249
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• 2021

Forage crop management is severely challenged by global warming-induced climate changes representing diverse a/biotic stresses. Thus, screening of valuable genetic resources would be applied to develop stress-tolerant forage crops. We isolated two NAC (NAM, ATAF1, ATAF2, CUC2) transcription factors (ANAC032 and ANAC083) transcriptionally activated by multi-abiotic stresses (salt, drought, and cold stresses) from Arabidopsis by microarray analysis. The NAC family is one of the most prominent transcription factor families in plants and functions in various biological processes. The enhanced expressions of two ANACs by multi-abiotic stresses were validated by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. We also confirmed that both ANACs were localized in the nucleus, suggesting that ANAC032 and ANAC083 act as transcription factors to regulate the expression of downstream target genes. Promoter activities of ANAC032 and ANAC083 through histochemical GUS staining again suggested that various abiotic stresses strongly drive both ANACs expressions. Our data suggest that ANAC032 and ANAC083 would be valuable genetic candidates for breeding multi-abiotic stress-tolerant forage crops via the genetic modification of a single gene.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2012

Proteomic analysis was performed in order to identify proteomic changes by salt stress between the Japonica cv. Donganbyeo (WT) and two salt-tolerant (ST) mutant lines by using the SDS-PAGE and 2-DE. Two salt tolerant rice mutant lines, ST-87 and ST-301, were selected by in vitro mutagenesis with gamma-ray. Three-week-old seedlings were treated with 171 mM NaCl for 7 days. In the SDS-PAGE, three proteins with molecular weights of 27, 46 and 58 kDa were highly increased under salt treatment. Total proteins from shoots of both WT and ST-lines were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. In 2-DE, 201, 226, 217 and 213 protein spots were detected in the untreated-or treated-WT and untreated- or treated-ST-87, respectively. Of theses, 17 and 10 protein spots were up- and down-regulated under salt stress in the WT, respectively. While, 16 and 8 protein spots were up- and down-regulated under salt stress in the ST-87, respectively, compared with the untreated plants. High intensity or de novo synthesized proteins were analyzed by MALDI-TOF/MS analysis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.561-572
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• 2017

The global commercial cultivation of transgenic crops, including glyphosate-tolerant soybean, has increased widely in recent decades with potential impact on the environment. The bulk of previous studies showed different results on the effects of the release of transgenic plants on the soil microbial community, especially rhizosphere bacteria. In this study, comparative analyses of the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soils and surrounding soils were performed between the glyphosate-tolerant soybean line NZL06-698 (or simply N698), containing a glyphosate-insensitive EPSPS gene, and its control cultivar Mengdou12 (or simply MD12), by a 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA) amplicon sequencing-based Illumina MiSeq platform. No statistically significant difference was found in the overall alpha diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial communities, although the species richness and evenness of the bacteria increased in the rhizosphere of N698 compared with that of MD12. Some influence on phylogenetic diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial communities was found between N698 and MD12 by beta diversity analysis based on weighted UniFrac distance. Furthermore, the relative abundances of part rhizosphere bacterial phyla and genera, which included some nitrogen-fixing bacteria, were significantly different between N698 and MD12. Our present results indicate some impact of the glyphosate-tolerant soybean line N698 on the phylogenetic diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities together with a significant difference in the relative abundances of part rhizosphere bacteria at different classification levels as compared with its control cultivar MD12, when a comparative analysis of surrounding soils between N698 and MD12 was used as a systematic contrast study.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 1988

Bensulfuron-methyl에의 내성(耐性) 및 감수성(感受性) 품종(品種)(군(群))에 대한 생리적(生理的) 배경(背景)을 이해(理解)하기 위하여 $^{14}C$-제초제(除草劑)를 이용(利用)한 일련의 흡수(吸收) 이행시험(移行試驗)을 수행(遂行)하였으며 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 시험(試驗) 1. 선발품종군간(選拔品種群間)의 흡수(吸收) 및 이행(移行) 차이(差異) 24시간(時間)에 걸친 근부(根部) 및 경엽하부(莖葉下部) 1.5cm 침지처리(沈漬處理) 결과(結果) 내성(耐性) 선발군(選拔群) 수도품종(水稻品種)들의 개체당(個體當) 및 단위건물중당(單位乾物重當)의 근부흡수량(根部吸收量)은 감수성(感受性)보다 각각 1.6%와 12.6% 높았고, 경엽부(莖葉部)에서는 각각 14.8%와 27.3% 높았으며 지상부(地上部)로의 이행율(移行率)에서도 13% 높은 정도(程度)의 차이(差異)를 보였다. 시험(試驗) 2. 선발품종간(選拔品種間)의 약제침지시간(藥劑沈漬時間)에 따른 흡수(吸收) 및 이행(移行) 차이(差異) 48시간(時間)까지의 근부침지(根部沈漬) 처리(處理) 결과(結果), 1. 공시식물(供試植物)의 엽령(葉齡)에 관계(關係)없이, 식물개체당(植物個體當) 및 단위건물중당(單位乾物重當)의 흡수량(吸收量)은 내성(耐性)보다 감수성(感受性) 품종(品種)에서 높았으나, 뿌리의 경우는 내성품종(耐性品種)에서 높았고, 엽(葉)의 경우에는 감수성(感受性) 품종(品種)에서 다소 높은 경향(傾向)이었다. 2. 개체당(個體當)의 흡수방사능(吸收放射能)에 대한 엽이전방사능(燁移轉放射能)의 비율(比率), 즉 엽(燁)으로의 이행성(移行性)은 내성품종(耐性品種)보다 감수성(感受性) 품종(品種)에서 유의적(有意的)으로 컸다. 3. 감수성(感受性)인 IR 1846은 유묘생장속도(幼苗生長速度)가 빠른 상태에 있었기 때문에 대등(對等)한 흡수(吸收) 이행(移行) 수준(水準)에서라도 더욱 감수반응(感受反應)을 나타낸 것으로도 해석(解析)된다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1971

콩 재배에 있어서 선택성약제를 찾아내기 위하여 약제에 대한 콩의 저항성실험과 사양토 조건에서 폿트 및 포장실험을 병행하여 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 콩에 대하여 고도의 선택성이 있어서 표준시용량의 2-3배량 처리로도 정상 생육이 가능한 약해는 Triallate, Lasso, Machete, Propachlor, Nitrofen, MO, Chloroxuron, Nitrofen+Dinoseb 약제등이었다. 2. 약간의 선택성이 있는 약제는(표준시용량의 1-2배 사용) Propazine, Propazine, Diruon, Metabromuron, Swep, Linuron, HE-314, PCP등이었다. 3. 감수성이 예민하여 표준시용량에서도 고사 또는 심한 약해를 낸 약제는 Simazine, Fluorometuron 이었다. 4. Mathete, Lasso, Kerb, Nltrofen, Nitrofen+Dinoseb, Swep, Linuron, Simazine, PCP 등 약제의 폿트 및 포장실험에서의 비교실험 결과에 있어서 가) 심한 약해를 입힌 약제는 Simazine (포장)이었고 Linuron, Kerb 처리구에서도 부분적으로 약간의 약해를 냈다. 나) Nitrofen, Nitrofen+ Dinoseb, Lasso, Machete, Swep는 초기부터 최후까지 전혀 약해를 불수 없었다. 다) 제초효과는 포장에서의 Simazine 처리구를 제외하고 모든 약제가 우수한 결과를 보였다. 라) Simazine, Linuron 처리구에 있어서는 특히 피와 바랭이에 대해 약효가 없는 편이었다. 마) 방등산이와 개망초는 Kerb에 대하여 지항성이었다. 바) Lasso, Machete는 화본과잡초에 매우 강력한 살초력을 가졌으나 여뀌 등이 약간의 내성을 보였다. 5, 콩밭 잡초방제를 위하여 사용된 Lasso, Machete, Nitrofen, Swep, Nitrofen+Dinoseb, Linuron, Kerb 구등은 파종후 1회의 약제 살포로 수확기까지 무제초 방임재배가 가능하며 수량면에서도 관행구에 뒤지지 않는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2001

저온에 내성인 자포니카의 일품벼와 감수성인 인디카의 태백벼 품종간에 저온처리기간 동안 및 저온처리 후 회복동안에 나타날 수 있는 생리적 반응을 비교하였다. $5^{\circ}C$의 저온처리 3일 동안에 잎의 생체중 및 엽록소 함량은 두 품종간에 차이가 적거나 없었으나 저온처리 후 $25^{\circ}C$에 회복시킨 동안에는 태백벼에 비해 일품 벼가 더 빨리 회복되었다. 상대적 수분함량, 지질과산화 작용의 지표인 malondialdehyde 생성량 및 엽록소 형광은 저온처리기간 동안 및 저온처리 후 회복기간동안에도 두 품종간에 유의적인 차이를 보였고, 이들 생리적 지표들은 생체중 및 엽록소 함량보다는 더 민감한 생리적 지표이었다. 두 품종간에 상대적 수분함량, malondialdehyde 생성량 및 엽록소 형광의 차이는 저온처리 후 회복기간동안보다는 저온처리동안에서 더 적었다. 따라서 이들 결과를 통해서 볼 때 상대적 수분함량, malondialdehyde 생성량과 엽록소 형광은 저온에 내성을 선발하는데 중요한 생리적 지표로 이용할 수 있으리라 생각한다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 1998

우리나라 염해지의 식생 현황과 식물의 염분에 대한 내성 정도를 알아보기 위해 본 실험을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 간척지를 비롯한 염해지의 주요 우점초종은 명아주과의 나문재, 칠면초, 해흥나물, 퉁퉁마디와 국화과의 갯개미취 등이었으며 탈염이 진행된 곳에는 부들, 갈대, 갯꾸러미풀 등의 화본과 식물이 우점하였다. 염해지의 우점 초종은 양액에 NaCl을 200mM로 첨가하여 실시한 사경재배에서도 강한 내염성을 나타내어 간척지의 식생과 이들의 내염성과는 일치성을 나타냈다. 내염성 식물인 명아주과의 나문재, 해흥나물, 가는갯는쟁이, 칠면초와 갯개미취 등이 내염성이 강한 식물종이었으며, 마디풀과의 개여뀌, 큰개여뀌, 털여뀌와 국화과의 별꽃아재비, 진득찰 등은 내염성이 매우 약한 종으로 나타났다. 갯벌 간척 후 탈염이 진행됨에 따라 초기에는 명아주과의 나문재, 해흥나물, 칠면조 등이 우점하고 이후에는 갯개미자리, 갯질경, 갯골풀, 갯꾸러미풀 등이 우점하게되고 이후에는 물대, 갈대 등이 우점하게될 것으로 추정되었다.