• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.114-120
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• 1999

The objective of this study was to determine antioxidant effect of ether and ethylacetate fractions of 70% ethanol extract of some food (acid treated or not) on perilla oil. Each fraction of food extract was added to perilla oil and stored for 0,3,6.9,11 days at 60$^{\circ}C$. Then, the peroxide value (POV) of perilla oil samples were analyzed. Perilla oil contained ${\gamma}$-tocopherol 0.6800 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mg, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol 0.3189 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mg. $\delta$-tocopherol 0.0463 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mg, but it was easily oxidized due to high linolenic acid content. To increase yield of ether and ethylacetate fractions from each food extract, the 70% ethanol extract was treated with 0.2% H$_2$SO$_4$ and fractionized by ether and ethylacetate. Among ether and ethylacetate fractions of 70% ethanol extracts of some food, the yield of ethylacetate fraction of acid treated Pueraria thunbergiana extract was 5 times more than that of ethylacetate fraction untreated with acid. Perilla oil which added 100 ppm ethylacetate fraction of acid treated Pueraria thunbergianan extract showed low POV (44.8 meq/kg) compared to POV (80.0 meq/kg) of control.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.469-472
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• 2003

The rice bran has been known to contain tocopherols and tocotrienols carrying antioxidant and cholesterol-lowing activities. The content of 8 isomers of vitamin E : $\alpha\textrm{-}$, $\beta\textrm{-}$, $\gamma\textrm{-}$, $\delta\textrm{-}$tocoperols (T) and tocotrienols ($\textrm{T}_3$) were extracted from 18 major rice varieties and quantified with an HPLC. Tested varieties exhibited T, $\textrm{T}_3$ and total vitamin E ($\textrm{TT}_3$) contents ranging 9.1-14.8, 22.4-37.1, 34.9-46.5 mg/100g with averages of 11.1, 28.0, 39.2 mg/100g, respectively. Among tested varieties, Seojinbyeo and Hwasungbyeo showed high T contents and Andabyeo, Damakum were high in $\textrm{T}_3$, and Andabyeo and Seojinbyeo were high in total $\textrm{TT}_3$ contents. Regardless of varieties, the average 8 isomer contents (in mg/100g) were in descending order of $\gamma\textrm{-}$$\textrm{T}_3$(17.9) ＞$\alpha\textrm{-}$$\textrm{T}_3$(8.8) ＞$\alpha\textrm{-}$T (7.8) ＞$\gamma\textrm{-}$T(2.6) ＞$\delta\textrm{-}$$\textrm{T}_3$ (0.9)＞$\beta\textrm{-}$T (0.7)＞$\beta\textrm{-}$$\textrm{T}_3$ (0.4)＞$\delta\textrm{-}$T (0.1). In most varieties, $\gamma\textrm{-}$$\textrm{T}_3$, a strong antioxidant and anticancer compound, consisted 64% of total tocotrienol and 46% of total vitamin E in vice bran.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.118-122
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• 1996

The main objectives of this study was to characterize physicochemical properties, oxidative stability and sensory property of perilla oil obtained by various roasting temperature and time. Roasting temperature of perilla seed was conducted from $150^{\circ}C\;to\;210^{\circ}C$ at the increment of $20^{\circ}C$, and roasting time was 10, 20 and 30 min. Yield of perilla oil was increased as the roasting temperature and time were increased. The content of linolenic acid, a major fatty acid in perilla oil, was 60%. There was no differences in fatty acid composition upon the roasting conditions. Unsaturated fatty acid was contained more than 88% of the total fatty acids. Contents of phosphorus in perilla oils were decreased as the roasting temperature and time were increased. Phosphorus contents were significantly decreased at $190^{\circ}C$ for 30 min and $210^{\circ}C\;for\;20{\sim}30$ min. Tocopherol contents were unchanged at the roasting conditions of present study and gamma-tocopherol was shown to be the major tocopherol. Sensory evaluation of perilla oil roasted in various conditions showed significant differences in taste, color, flavor and palatability. The perilla oil roasted at $190^{\circ}C$ for 20 min had the best palatability.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.273-279
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• 1999

Forty plants used as tea materials were chosen for determining the contents of total phenolics, selenium (Se), ${\beta}-carotene$, ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ and ascorbate. Total phenolics and ascorbate contents were analyzed colorimetrically. The Se contents were measured by hydride-atomic absorption spectrometry. The contents of ${\beta}-carotene$ and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ were simultaneously determined by high performance liquid chromatography using separate detectors, UV for ${\beta}-carotene$ and FL for ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ analyses. The contents of these antioxidants were as follows (per 100 g dry plant); Contents of total phenolics in green tea leaf, black tea leaf, oolong tea leaf and instant coffee were about 7 g and the Se contents in corni fructus and arrowroot were found to be about $4{\mu}g$, which were the highest among all plants used. Contents of ${\beta}-carotene$ in eucommiae cortex, persimmon leaf and green tea leaf were 8587, 6222 and $3652\;{\mu}g$ respectively. The persimon leaf contained the highest ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ content (33 mg) and then followed by eucommiae cortex (26 mg), green tea leaf (16 mg) and black tea leaf (13 mg) in order. Ascorbate contents were found to be high in green tea leaf (199 mg) and black tea leaf (117 mg).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.663-672
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• 2013

To characterize the nutraceutical property of Italian millet (Setaria italica) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), ten Korean landraces of each crop were collected and their vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), squalene and phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol) contents as well as fatty acid composition in seeds were evaluated. Italian millet seeds exhibited 5 forms of vitamin E isomers: three (${\alpha}$-, ${\gamma}$- and ${\delta}$-) tocopherols and two (${\alpha}$- and ${\gamma}$-) tocotrienols, while sorghum seeds showed only three forms of vitamin E isomers: ${\alpha}$- and ${\gamma}$-tocopherol and ${\alpha}$-tocotrienol. In both crops, ${\gamma}$-tocopherol was the major constituent of vitamin E in terms of highest quantity. Total vitamin E content in Italian millet and sorghum landraces were 88.3 mg/kg and 44.3 mg/kg, respectively. Among three phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol) analyzed, ${\beta}$-sitosterol was the major form comprising about 85% and 65% in Italian millet and sorghum landraces, respectively. Total phytosterols content ranged from 443.0 to 568.5 mg/kg and 442.3 to 719.2 mg/kg in Italian millet and sorghum, respectively. Squalene, a precursor of phytosterols biosynthesis, ranged from 6.8 to 10.2 mg/kg in Italian millet and from 62.2 to 115.2 mg/kg in sorghum. Linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids in both of the crops and about 80% of the total fatty acids were unsaturated fatty acids. Among the tested landraces, M09 and S10 showed relatively higher proportion of phytonutrients, suggesting their potential as a gene source for further breeding program.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.203-208
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted to explore the efficacy of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol acetate (AT), a commercial supplement containing tocopherols, in commercial broilers. Three hundred and thirty Ross broiler chicks (4-d old) were randomly distributed and allotted to five dietary treatments for six weeks. Each treatment comprised 3 pens as replicates containing 22 chicks per pen. The five dietary treatments were: 0 mg/kg AT (negative control); 10 mg/kg AT; 50 mg/kg AT; 100 mg/kg AT; and 200 mg/kg AT; respectively, supplied totally by the supplement under study. Supplementation of AT improved weight gain significantly (p<0.05), with higher values in the 100 and 200 mg/kg AT fed group than the control during all phases of study, but feed intake remained unaffected. The nutrient digestibility studies conducted after 15 and 35 days of experimental feeding showed significantly higher digestibility of CP, ether extract and gross energy, in these two groups over the control diet. Carcass traits like dressing percentage and the color of the breast meat did not differ significantly due to treatments, but significantly (p = 0.0152) lower abdominal fat percent was noted in the 200 mg/kg fed group. Higher (p = 0.0003) tibia bone strength was noticed in groups fed diets above 50 mg/kg AT because of higher bone mineral content. The serum levels of tocopherols were not influenced but the muscle tocopherols content showed a positive linear trend with the dietary levels supplemented. The thio-barbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level in meat also suggested that supplemental AT has a protective role in rancidity. Overall, it could be concluded that AT supplementation at higher levels was found beneficial for growth and increased chicken meat quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.300-301
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2019.09a
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• pp.206-206
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• 2019

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.115-119
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• 2007

To discover the sources with antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities in Korean traditional medicines, 10 extract of medicinal plants were screened for their potential to scavenge stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, inhibit hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$), total phenolic content, and inhibition of tyrosinase. The potency of DPPH radical scavenging activity was shown in the extract of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica Nakai that has a greater effect with $IC_{50}$ values of $6.49{\pm}5.43{\mu}g/mL$, than BHA ($IC_{50}=20.99{\pm}0.74{\mu}g/mL$), L-ascorbic acid $(IC_{50}=20.59{\pm}1.06{\mu}g/mL),\;and\;{\alpha}-tocopherol\;(IC_{50}=25.55{\pm}0.26{\mu}g/mL)$ as a positive control. The ${\cdot}OH$ scavenging activities were observed in the plants tested. Acanthopanax senticosus, Cirsium setiders, U. davidiana exhibited scavenging activity of more than 60% at $500{\mu}g/mL$. The scavenging activity(%) of BHA and a-tocopherol were 64.32 and 55.87% at $500{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The total phenolic content was determined, in order to assess its effect on the extract's antioxidant activity. The total phenoic content of $33.37{\pm}0.52mg/g$ was conformed by methanolic extract of U. davidiana. The U. davidiana and Morus bombycis exhibited tyrosinase inhibitory activity with a $34.28{\pm}1.32\;and\;75.57{\pm}1.10%$, respectively. In particular, M. bombycis has stronger tyrosinase inhibitory activity than albutin with $36.48{\pm}3.56%$ as a positive control. This work showed that the inhibitory abilities of Korean medicinal plants, such as U. davidiana and M. bombycis, on DPPH free radical, inhibit hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$), and inhibition of tyrosinase and total phenolic content, can be useful in the prevention and treatment of free radical-relate disease. Investigations into further isolation of inhibitory principles of U. davidiana and M. bombycis are now in progress.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.297-302
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• 2006

This study has examined the physicochemical properties of the Pleurotus eryngii, including their proximate components, amount mineral content, total dietary fiber, total sugar, reducing sugar and free sugar. Additionally, it measured the P. egii ethanol extracts and the total amounts of polyphenol compounds as well as its electron donating ability (EDA) of the substance fraction (SF). The P. eryngii powder's moisture content was 9.0% and each of the other element content such as carbohydrate, crude protein, crude ash and crude fat was found to be 63.06%, 20.70%, 5.20% and 2.0% respectively. Potassium (K) was shown to be the greatest inorganic content and manganese (Mn) was the lowest. Furthermore fructose, galactose, glucose lactose and maltose free sugar content was found in this order. 387 mg% of the total amounts of polyphenol was found in the P. eryngii whole body ethanol extract, 158 mg% in the stipe extract, 593 mg% in the pileus extract and 607 mg% in the substance fraction (SF). Electron donating ability (EDA) was highest at 91.12% in the whole body extract and lowest at 62.90% in the stipe extract. Additionally, the EDA for substance fraction (SF) 0.02%-0.1% was found to be 57.78-77.33%, which was lower than the 0.02%-tocopherol (93.92%) and BHT (96.72%). From these results, it can be assumed that P. eryngii offers superior antioxidative effects with its high content of fiber, inorganic materials and total amounts of polyphenol as well as high electron donating ability (EDA), thereby making it ideal for use in functional foods and industrial materials.