• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.468-476
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• 1997

Soft-rot bacterial pathogen, Erwinia sp., was isolated from chinese cabbage tissue showing soft-rot symptom. This bacterial strain caused soft-rot to chinese cabbage and potato, and it was identified as Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora LY34 (E. c. subsp. carotovora LY34). Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora LY34 did not have hemicellulase but extracellular cellulase, pectinase, polygalacturonase, protease activity. The results of the microscopy showed that chinese cabbage tissue and potato tissue were macerated by infection of E. c. subsp. carotovora LY34. In analysis of the cellulases activity of the isolated cellulose-degradation enzymes from E. c. subsp. carotovora LY34 total protein, three cellulase activity bands were detected by non-denaturation gel electrophoresis method and five cellulase activity bands were detected by CMC-SDS-PAGE direct stain method.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2021

Background: Dental caries and periodontal disease are bacterial infectious disease, mainly caused by plaque, a bacterial colony deposited on the tooth surface and gum tissue. Dental plaque disclosants easily stain the dental plaque, making them effective for scaling and tooth brushing education. As the erythrosine typically contained in dental plaque disclosants is highly cytotoxic, a low toxicity additive is needed. In this study, we aimed to examine the natural pigments with negligible cytotoxicity but can effectively stain the dental plaques for use in dental plaque disclosants. Methods: The pigmentation of eight types of natural pigments was tested on bovine tongue and teeth, as well as on head and neck tissue sections of experimental ICR mice. The cytotoxicity of gingival epithelial cells was measured via MTT assay. Pigmentation was performed on the bovine tongue and tooth surface. Pigmentation in the oral environment was observed in four mandibular incisors. A 2 Tone was used as a control. Results: Of the eight types of natural pigments, purple and blue pigments were effective in coloring dental plaques on the enamel surface as well as in the head and neck tissue sections. Additionally, purple and blue pigments were visible on the surface of the bovine tongue. Red, pink, orange, green, purple, and yellow pigments showed strong cytotoxicity, whereas brown and blue pigments had relatively low cytotoxicity. Blue pigment was effective in staining the dental plaque of four mandibular incisors. Conclusion: We suggest that the blue pigment derived from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae), which is effective for coloring dental plaques and has low cytotoxicity, is useful as a naturally derived dental disclosant.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.153-157
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• 2013

Although culture is the gold standard method to identify mycobacteria, its use in tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) is limited due to formalin fixation of the submitted specimens. We evaluated the performance of quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) in granulomatous lymphadenitis using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. From 2000 to 2010, a total number of 117 cases of lymph node samples with granulomatous inflammation which were surgically removed and fixed in formalin were studied. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) and Ziehl-Neelsen-stained (ZN) slides were reviewed. qPCR using Real TB-Taq$^{(R)}$ was performed for all cases to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Thirteen non-tuberculous lymphadenopathy cases were used as negative control. Cervical lymph nodes were more frequently affected (60%, 70/117) than other sites. ZN stain for acid fast bacilli was positive in 19 (16.24%) cases. qPCR for tuberculosis was positive in 92 (78.63%) cases. Caseous necrosis was found in 103 (88.03%) cases. While the ZN stain and qPCR were both negative in all control cases, the qPCR showed a significantly higher positive rate (78.63% vs. 16.24%) compared to ZN stain in histologically diagnosed TBL. Quantitative real-time PCR proves to be more sensitive than ZN stain for diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1289-1295
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• 2000

Purpose : Recent evidence suggests a possible role for leukocytes in brain injury following ischemia and reperfusion. This study examined the temporal profile of ischemic tissue damage and leukocyte response after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) with reperfusion in the mouse. Methods : Focal cerebral ischemia was made by temporary occluding of the stem of the proximal MCA. Two groups of the mouse were investigated : (1) sham operation(n＝10), and (2)those having the arterial occlusion released after 90 minute(n＝20). By 4 hours(n＝10) and 24 hours(n＝10) after the onset of ischemia-reperfusion, fluorescein videoimages were under-taken in the pial venules of the mouse using a closed cranial window technique. Rhodamine 6G was administered as a $80-100{\mu}l/min$ i.v. loading dose and a $30-40{\mu}l/min$ i.v. maintenance dose in saline to selectively label circulating leukocytes. Neuropathologic evaluation for brain injury was accomplished using the histochemical stain 2,3,5-triphen-yltetrazolium chloride(TTC) and hematoxylin and eosin(H & E) stain. Results : The mean number of adherent leukocytes to cerebral venules in the 90 minutes MCAO and 24 hours reperfusion group were $306{\pm}24$ compared with $72{\pm}8$ in the sham operation group. In the TTC staining method, the cortical infarct affecting 34.8% of hemispheric volume were created in all of animals (n＝10) undergoing 90 minute MCAO with 24 hours reperfusion, but the infarcted area were not found in the other(sham operation and 90 minute MCAO with 4 hours reperfusion)groups. In the H & E stain, the brain tissue following 90 minute MCAO with 4 hours reperfusion revealed only a pyknosis of the nuclei with shrunken cytoplasm, but infiltrated leukocytes were not observed. After 24 hours of reperfusion, a many leukocytes were infiltrated within parenchyma and blood vessles. Conclusions : These findings demonstrate the feasiblity of continous in vivo monitoring of leukocyte adherence in cerebral venules and suggest that reperfusion induced leukocyte adherence to venular endothelium may contribute to tissue injury following focal cerebral ischemia.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.3 s.68
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• pp.419-429
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• 1998

This study was carried out in order to study early histologic changes and repair reaction appling to extrusive force for 3rd premolar of adult dogs. After 1 week of extrusive force with elastic chain, one of dogs was sacrified and after 3 weeks retention period, another dog was sacrified. The paraffin sections of samples were stained with Hematoxylin - Eosin and Masson's Trichrome and were examed by light microscopy . The obtained results as follows 1. In Hematoxylin - Eosin and Masson Trichrome stain of control group , the periodontal ligament width was constant from apical third to cervical third of the root and periodontal fiber arrangement was horizontal or oblique in cervical third. oblique in middle third, oblique in apical third of root. in alveolar bone, smooth appearance was shown 2. In Group 1, all periodontal fiber arrangement was oblique toward tooth, and the periodontal ligament width increased Partially PDL was ruptured in apex. In MT stain, immature bone formation was seen at alveolar crest area. Active bone formation was observed along the one side of alveolus, and apical portion of pulp was involved with blood vessel rupture , vacuolization of pulp tissue and hyperemia 3. In Group 2, most periodontal ligament arrangement and PDL width was repaired and fiber density increased. In MT stain, mineralization of immature bone on the alveolar crest was progressed. In pulp, vacuole and hyperemia was diminished and fibrotic change was diminished 4. After 3 week periodontal ligament has more repair ability than pulp tissue. pulp was involved with vacuolization and fibrosis, so it takes more time for repair.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.1060-1063
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• 1999

Amyloidosis is a rare disease which is characterized by the deposition of a histochemically specific substance called amyloid in many tissue bodies, and causes various symptoms according to the organs involved. Amyloid is usually recognized by its staining reaction with Congo red stain. Primary pulmonary amyloidosis is very rare. Nodular pulmonary amyloidosis is an uncommon entity that usually manifests itself as an asymptomatic incidental finding on the chest roentgenogram and is misdiagnosed as lung cancer or pulmonary tuberculosis.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.167-175
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• 2006

It has long been recognized that cancer is a genetic disease. To find this measures of genetic instability, stain cells with chromosome specific probes using chromosome in-situ hybridization technique is adopted. Even though in-situ hybridization technique is powerful, truncation of nuclei often results in under-representation of chromosome copies in slides due to the sectioning of tissue blocks. Because of this problem we suggest three different methods to analyze the cervical cancer data set. We observe that genetic instability is an increasing function of histology and our suggested model is the best in detecting genetic instability of tumorigenesis processes.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.433-437
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• 1986

Authors experienced a case of typical carcinoid in a patient of 46 year-old female who has been suffered from hemoptysis intermittently for 13 years. Exploratory thoracotomy and middle and lower lobectomy was carried out. The tumor was located in the right intermediate bronchus. Tissue pathology shows a glandular tumor with focal proliferation of Kulchitzky cells in the bronchial epithelium by H&E stain and membrane-bounded neurosecretory granules in the cytoplasm by electron microscope. Authors report the case with a literature reviews.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.671-689
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to compare effects of various bone grafts on periodontal regeneration of alveolar bone defects in dogs. Seven adult dogs aged 12 to 18 months were used in this study. Experimental alveolar bone defects were created surgically with a #1/2 round bur at the furcation area of the buccal surface of the mandibular 3rd, 4th premolars and 1st molar. Each experimental alveolar bone defects were grafted with dense hydroxyapatite, natural coral, and decalcified freeze-dried bone, and respectively divided into DHA, NC, DFDB group. An area without bone graft was divided into control group. At 1,2,4,6, and 12 weeks, dogs were serially sacrificed and specimens were prepared with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain and Mallory stain for light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows : 1. In control group, the matrix change of granulation tissue was observed at 1 week. And in experimental groups, the appearance of connective tissue around graft materials was loosely formed at 1 week, but densely formed at 2 weeks. 2. In every group, the slight formation of new trabecular bone was seen from remaining bone at 1 week. 3. The DHA and NC particles were gradually encapsulated by new trabecular bone from remaining bone, and the osteoid tissue was directly induced from DFDB particles. 4. The presence of osteoblasts was first observed at 1 week in control group and at 2 weeks in NC group, but at 6 weeks in DHA group. 5. In DHA group, the resorption of particles was not observed until 12 weeks. But in NC and DFDB group, the particles were resorbed at 6 weeks and replaced by new bone. And the amount and size of particles were reduced, and their border represented irregular form. In summary, in three experimental groups the inflammatory or foreign body reaction were slight, but the regeneration of new osteoid tissue and the matrix change of dense connective tissue fiber were observed. Especially, NC and DFDB materials were considered as the biocompatible graft materials which were effective in the regenertion of new bone.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to preliminarily evaluate the influence of diabetes mellitus (DM) on periodontal tissue without establishment of periodontitis. Methods: Seven-week-old db/db mice were used for the diabetic experimental group and systematically healthy mice of the same age were used as controls. After 1 week of acclimatization, the animals were sacrificed for hard and soft tissue evaluation. The pattern of bone destruction was evaluated by stereomicroscope evaluation with alizarin red staining and radiographic evaluation by microscopic computerized tomography images. Histological evaluation was performed with hematoxylin and eosin stain for evaluation of soft tissue changes. Results: In both stereomicroscope evaluation and radiograph image analysis, aggressive form of bone destruction was observed in diabetic animals when compared to the systematically healthy controls. In histological evaluation, apical migration of junctional epithelium with slight inflammatory cell infiltration was observed with disarrangement of connective tissue fibers. Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, diabetic animals presented distortion in periodontal attachment and an aggressive bone loss pattern when compared to the healthy controls, suggesting that DM has an independent effect on periodontal tissue destruction irrespective of the presence or absence of periodontal disease.