• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2006년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.950-953
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• 2006

A key issue toward mobile multimedia communications is to create technologies for broadband signal transmission that can support high quality services. Such a broadband mobile communications system should be able to overcome severe distortion caused by time-varying multi-path fading channel, while providing high spectral efficiency and low power consumption. For these reasons, an adaptive suboptimum decision feedback equalizer (DFE) for the single-carrier short-burst transmissions system is considered as one of the feasible solutions. For the performance improvement of the system with the short-burst format including the short training sequence, in this paper, the multiple-training least mean square (MTLMS) based DFE scheme with soft decision feedback is proposed and its performance is investigated in mobile wireless channels throughout computer simulation.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제2권6호
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• pp.532-539
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• 2018

Multiple LED arrays can be utilized in visible-light communication (VLC) to improve communication efficiency, while maintaining smart illumination functionality through dimming control. This paper proposes a modulation scheme called "Spatial Intensity Modulation" (SIM), where the effective number of turned-on LEDs is employed for data modulation and dimming control in VLC systems. Unlike the conventional pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM), symbol intensity levels are not determined by the amplitude levels of a VLC signal from each LED, but by counting the number of turned-on LEDs, illuminating with a single amplitude level. Because the intensity of a SIM symbol and the target dimming level are determined solely in the spatial domain, the problems of conventional PAM-based VLC and related MIMO VLC schemes, such as unstable dimming control, non uniform illumination functionality, and burdens of channel prediction, can be solved. By varying the number and formation of turned-on LEDs around the target dimming level in time, the proposed SIM scheme guarantees homogeneous illumination over a target area. An analysis of the dimming capacity, which is the achievable communication rate under the target dimming level in VLC, is provided by deriving the turn-on probability to maximize the entropy of the SIM-based VLC system. In addition, a practical design of dimmable SIM scheme applying the multilevel inverse source coding (MISC) method is proposed. The simulation results under a range of parameters provide baseline data to verify the performance of the proposed dimmable SIM scheme and applications in real systems.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• 제32권3A호
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• pp.261-270
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• 2007

The Delay Threshold-based Priority Queueing (DTPQ) scheme has been shown useful for scheduling both real-time (RT) and non-real-time (NRT) service traffic in mobile broadband wireless access (MBWA) systems. The overall system capacity can be maximized subject to their QoS requirement by the DTPQ scheme, which takes the urgency of the RT service into account only when their head-of-line (HOL) packet delays exceed a given delay threshold. In practice, the optimum delay threshold must be configured under the varying service scenarios and a corresponding traffic load, e.g., the number of RT and NRTusers in the system. In this paper, we propose an adaptive version of DTPQ scheme, which updates the delay threshold by taking the urgency and channel conditions of RT service users into account. By evaluating the proposed approach in an orthogonal frequency division multiple access/time division duplex (OFDM/TDD)-based broadband mobile access system, it has been found that our adaptive scheme significantly improves the system capacity as compared to the existing DTPQ scheme with a fixed delay threshold.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.83-96
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• 1986

In the restricted sea way such as fair way in harbor, narrow channel etc, the safe ship-handling is a very important problem, which is greatly related with turning ability of ships. It is of great importance that ship-handlers can grasp the position of pivoting point varying with time increase at any moment for relevant steering activities. Mean while, in advanced ship-building countries they study and investigated pivoting point related with turning characteristics, hut their main interest lies in ship design, not in safe ship controlling and maneuvering. In this regards it is the purpose of this paper to provide ship-handlers better under standing of pivoting point location together with turning characteristics and then to help them in safe ship-handling by presenting fact that pivoting points vary according to configuration of ships. The author calculated the variation of pivoting point as per time increase for various type of vessels, based on the hydrodynamic derivatives obtained at test of Davidson Laboratory of Stevens Institutes of Technology , New Jersey, U.S.A. The results were classified and investigated according to the magnitude of block coefficient , length-beam ratio, length-draft ratio, rudder area ratio ete, and undermentioned results were obtained. (1) The trajectory of pivoting point due to variation of rudder angle are all the same at any time, though the magenitude of turning circle are changed variously. (2) The moving of pivoting point is affected by the magnitude of block coefficient, length-beam ratio, length-draft ratio, however the effect by rudder area ratio might be disregarded. (3) In controlling and maneuvering of vessels in harbor, ship-handlers might regard that the pivoting point would be placed on 0.2~0.3L forward from center of gravity at initial stage. (4) The pivoting point of VLCC or container feeder vessels which have block coefficient more than 0.8 and length-beam ratio less than 6.5 are located on or over bow in the steady turning. (5) When a vessel intends to avoid some floating obstruction such as buoy forward around her eourse, the ship-handler might consider that the pivoting point would be close by bow in ballast condition and cloase by center of gravity in full-loaded condition.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• 제34권9B호
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• pp.876-882
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a sub-cell coverage control algorithm for enhancement of the cell throughput in OFDMA based relay systems. Relay station (RS) is exploited for improved quality of the received signal in cellular communication systems, especially in shadow areas. However, since a RS requires additional radio resource consumption for the link between the base station (BS) and the RS, we have to carefully control the coverage areas if a mobile station (MS) is serviced via the BS or the RS considering the cell throughput. We consider radio resource reuse as well for the sub-cell coverage configuration by applying various reuse patterns between RSs. We also consider a time varying system by adaptively changing the threshold for coverage depending on the MSs' traffic in the cell. We initially determine the sub-cell coverage of the system depending on the ratio of received signal-interference-noise-ratio (SINR) of the MS from the BS and RSs, respectively. Then, the "sub-cell coverage threshold" varies based on the "effective transmitted bits per sub-channel" with time. Simulation result shows that the proposed "time varying coverage control algorithm" leads to throughput improvement compared to the fixed sub-cell coverage configuration.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.326-334
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose speech enhancement algorithm as a pre-processing for robust speech recognition in noisy environments. Auxiliary-function-based Independent Vector Analysis (AuxIVA) is performed with weighted covariance matrix using time-varying variances with scaling factor from target masks representing time-frequency contributions of target speech. The mask estimates can be obtained using Neural Network (NN) pre-trained for speech extraction or diffuseness using Coherence-to-Diffuse power Ratio (CDR) to find the direct sounds component of a target speech. In addition, outputs for omni-directional noise are closely chained by sharing the time-varying variances similarly to independent subspace analysis or IVA. The speech extraction method based on AuxIVA is also performed in Independent Low-Rank Matrix Analysis (ILRMA) framework by extending the Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) for noise outputs to Non-negative Tensor Factorization (NTF) to maintain the inter-channel dependency in noise output channels. Experimental results on the CHiME-4 datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented algorithms.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.453-459
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• 2015

Split-flow thin cell fractionation (SPLITT fractionation, SF) is a particle separation technique that allows continuous (and thus a preparative scale) separation into two subpopulations based on the particle size or the density. In SF, there are two basic performance parameters. One is the throughput (TP), which was defined as the amount of sample that can be processed in a unit time period. Another is the fractionation efficiency (FE), which was defined as the number % of particles that have the size predicted by theory. Full-feed depletion mode (FFD-SF) have only one inlet for the sample feed, and the channel is equipped with a flow stream splitter only at the outlet in SF mode. In conventional FFD-mode, it was difficult to extend channel due to splitter in channel. So, we use large scale splitter-less FFD-SF to increase TP from increase channel scale. In this study, a FFD-SF channel was developed for a large-scale fractionation, which has no flow stream splitters (‘splitter less’), and then was tested for optimum TP and FE by varying the sample concentration and the flow rates at the inlet and outlet of the channel. Polyurethane (PU) latex beads having two different size distribution (about 3~7 µm, and about 2~30 µm) were used for the test. The sample concentration was varied from 0.2 to 0.8% (wt/vol). The channel flow rate was varied from 70, 100, 120 and 160 mL/min. The fractionated particles were monitored by optical microscopy (OM). The sample recovery was determined by collecting the particles on a 0.1 µm membrane filter. Accumulation of relatively large micron sized particles in channel could be prevented by feeding carrier liquid. It was found that, in order to achieve effective TP, the concentration of sample should be at higher than 0.4%.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.582-587
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• 2004

Ultrasonic sensors are widely used in mobile robot applications to recognize external environments, because they are cheap, easy to use, and robust under varying lighting conditions. However, the recognition of objects using a ultrasonic sensor is not so easy due to its characteristics such as narrow beam width and no reflected signal from a inclined object. As one of the alternatives to resolve these problems, use of multiple sensors has been studied. A sequential driving system needs a long measurement time and does not take advantage of multiple sensors. Simultaneous and pulse coding driving system of ultrasonic sensor array cannot measure short distance as the length of the code becomes long. This problem can be resolved by multi-frequency driving of ultrasonic sensors, which allows multi-sensors to be fired simultaneously and adjacent objects to be distinguished. Accordingly, this paper presents a simultaneous and multi-frequency driving system for an ultrasonic sensor array for object recognition. The proposed system is designed and implemented using a DSP and FPGA. A micro-controller board is made using a DSP, Polaroid 6500 ranging modules are modified for firing the multi-frequency signals, and a 5-channel frequency modulated signal generating board is made using a FPGA. To verify the proposed method, experiments were conducted in an environment with overlapping signals, and the flight distances for each sensor were obtained from filtering of the received overlapping signals and calculation of the time-of-flights.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.208-211
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• 2016

Device-to-Device communication(D2D) enables devices in proximity to communicate directly without going through the network infrastructure. In particular, D2D communications in a cellular network can improve the spectral efficiency by allowing the reuse of cellular resources. However, it is not easy to maintain the channel quality of the D2D links and to protect the cellular links from the D2D interferences, since the resource allocations for the cellular users will change with time due to the time-varying nature of the cellular channels. To mitigate the performance degradation of D2D links, we propose to exploit unlicensed bands as auxiliary resources when the D2D links share the uplink cellular resources. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified through simulations.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.767-788
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• 2014

The worldwide transition from analog to digital broadcasting has now been completed and the need to study next generation standards for Ultra High Definition TV (UHDTV) broadcasting, and broadcasting & communication convergence systems is rapidly growing. In particular, high resolution mobile broadcasting services are needed to satisfy recent consumers. Therefore, the development of highly efficient convergence broadcasting systems that provide fixed/mobile broadcasting through a single channel is needed. In this paper, a service scenario and requirements for providing 4K UHD & HD convergence broadcasting services through a terrestrial single channel are analyzed by employing the latest transmission and A/V codec technologies. Optimized transmission parameters for 6 MHz & 8 MHz terrestrial bandwidths are drawn, and receiving performances are measured under Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and time-varying multipath channels. From the results, in a 6 MHz bandwidth, the reliable receiving of HD layer data can be achieved when the receiver velocity is maximum 140 Km/h and is not achieved when the velocity is over 140 Km/h due to the limit of bandwidth. When the bandwidth is extended to 8 MHz, the reliable receiving of both 4K UHD and HD layer data is achieved under a very fast fading multipath channel.