• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1593-1600
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• 2015

A control chart is very useful in monitoring various production process. There are many situations in which the simultaneous control of two or more related quality variables is necessary. We construct bivariate Shewhart control charts based on the trace of the product of the estimated variance-covariance matrix and the inverse of the in-control matrix and investigate the properties of bivariate Shewart control charts with VSI procedure for monitoring covariance matrix in term of ATS (Average time to signal) and ANSW (Average number of switch) and probability of switch, ASI (Average sampling interval). Numerical results show that ATS is smaller than ARL. From examining the properties of switching in changing covariances and variances in ${\Sigma}$, ANSW values show that it does not switch frequently and does not matter to use VSI procedure.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.215-233
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• 2007

Even though the ad hoc Shewhart methods remain controversial due to various mathematical flaws, there is little disagreement among researchers and practitioners when a set of process data has a skewness distribution. In the context and language of process control, the error related to the process data shows that time to signal increases when a control parameter shifts to a skewness direction. In real-world industrial settings, however, quality practitioners often need to consider a skewness distribution. To address this situation, we developed an enhanced design method to utilize advantages of the traditional attribute control chart and to overcome its associated shortcomings. The proposed design method minimizes bias, i.e., an average time to signal for the shift of process from the target value (ATS) curve, as well as it applies a variable sampling interval (VSI) method to an attribute control chart for detecting a process shift efficiently. The results of the factorial experiment obtained by various parameter circumstances show that the VSI c control chart using nearly unbiased ATS design provides the smallest decreasing rate in ATS among other charts for all experimental cases.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.911-925
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• 2017

We investigate the properties of multivariate Shewart control charts with VSI procedure for monitoring simultaneous monitoring mean vector and covariance matrix in term of ANSW (average number of switches), probability of switch and ASI (average sampling interval), ATS (average time to signal). From examining the ANSW values, we know that it does not switch frequently. The VSI control charts are superior to the corresponding FSI control charts in terms of ATS. And, it can be also seen that the VSI procedures have substantially fewer switches for small or moderate shifts of the mean vector and variances.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.206-210
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• 2024

Industrial facilities that use modern IT technologies require the ensured reliability and security of information in automated enterprise management. Concurrently, so as to ensure a high quality of communication, it is necessary to expand the bandwidth of communication channels, which are limited by the physical parameters of the radio frequency spectrum. In order to overcome this contradiction, we propose the application of technology fundamental to ultra-wideband signals, in which the ratio between the bandwidth and its central part is greater than "one". For this reason, the information signal is emitted without a carrier frequency - simultaneously within the entire frequency band - provided that the signal level is lower than the noise level. For the transmission of information content, the method of positional-time coding is used, in which each information bit is encoded by hundreds of ultrashort pulses that arrive within a certain sequence. Mathematical models of signals and values observed in wireless communication systems with autocorrelation reception of modulated ultra-wideband signals are furthermore recommended. These assist in identifying features of the dependence of the error probability on the normalized signal-to-noise ratio and the signal base. Comparative analysis has shown that the best noise immunity of the systems considered in this paper is the communication system, which uses the time separation of the reference and information signals. During the first half of the bit interval, the switch closes the output of the transmitter directly to the generator of the ultra-wideband signal - forming a reference signal. In the middle of the bit interval, the switch alternates the output to one of two possible positions depending on the encoding signal - "zero" or "one", forming the information part of the ultra-wideband signal. It should also be noted that systems with autocorrelation reception and separate transmission of reference and information signals, provide a high level of structural signal secrecy. Furthermore, they provide the reliable transmission of digital information, especially in interference conditions.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.577-582
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• 2016

전류 컨베이어를 사용하는 카운터 타입의 동기형 시간-디지털 변환기를 공급전압 3volts에서 $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS 공정을 이용하여 설계하였다. 비동기 시간-디지털 변환기의 단점을 보완하기 위해 클록은 시작신호가 인가되면 시작신호와 동기화되어 생성된다. 비동기형 시간-디지털 변환기에서 디지털 출력 값의 에러는 클록주기인 $-T_{CK}$에서 $T_{CK}$이다. 그러나 동기형 시간-디지털 변환기의 경우 에러는 0에서 $T_{CK}$이다. 시작신호와 클록의 동기화로 인하여 시간간격 신호를 디지털 값으로 변환할 때 출력 값의 에러 범위는 감소한다. 또한 고주파의 외부 클럭을 사용하지 않음에 따라 회로의 구성이 간단하다. 설계된 시간-디지털 변환기의 동작은 HSPICE 시뮬레이션을 통하여 확인하였다.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제41권9호
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• pp.1051-1059
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• 1992

In this paper, two general methods using time-series analysis in the functional separation of the myoelectric signal of human arm movements are developed. Autocorrelation, covariance method and sequential least squares algorithm were used to determine the model parameters and the order of signal model to describe six arm movement patterns` the forearm flexion and extension, the wrist pronation and supination, rotation-in and rotation-out. The confidence interval to classify the functions of arm movement was defined by the mean and standard deviation of total squared error. With the error signals of autoregressive(AR) model, the result showed that the highest success rate was obtained in the case of 4th order, and success rate was decreased with increase of order. Autocorrelation was the method of choice for better success rate. This technique might be applied to biomedical and rehabilitation engineering.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4390-4407
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• 2019

The paucity of pilot signals in Massive MIMO system is a vital issue. To accommodate substantial number of users, pilot signals are reused. This leads to interference, resulting in pilot contamination and degrades channel estimation at the Base Station (BS). Hence, mitigation of pilot contamination is exigency in Massive MIMO system. The proposed Time Shifted Pilot Signal Transmission with Pilot signal Hopping (TSPTPH), addresses the pilot contamination issue by transmitting pilot signals in non-overlapping time interval with hopping of pilot signals in each transmission slot. Hopping is carried by switching user to new a pilot signal in each transmission slot, resulting in random change of interfering users. This contributes to the change in channel coefficient, which leads to improved channel estimation at the BS and therefore enhances the efficiency of Massive MIMO system. In this system, Uplink Signal Power to Interference plus Noise Power Ratio (SINR) and data-rate are calculated for pilot signal reuse factor 1 and 3, by estimating the channel with Least Square estimation. The proposed system also reduces the uplink Signal power for data transmission of each User Equipment for normalized spectral efficiency with rising number of antennas at the BS and thus improves battery life.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.517-524
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• 1998

This paper discusses the development of a reactive power controller using digital signal processing. Digital Signal Processing is the technique of using digital devices to Process continuous signals or data, often in real-time. And DSP algorithms are associated with a discrete time interval between input samples. When one designs a digital filter, one can use a Laplace transform to determine the continuous time frequency response. The corresponding discrete time transform is called Z transform and depends upon discrete samples of the input spaced equally in time. The objectives of this paper are to minimize real power losses and improve the power factor of a given system. Also, the implementation of a direct-form non recursive filter on the TMS320C31 has been described. The application of this microprocessor-based controller using DSP on test system reveals its numerous advantages. Performance and features of the controller for the reactive power control are analyzed.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.732-737
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• 2016

펄스 레이다 신호는 주기적으로 일정한 펄스를 반복하는 형태를 갖는다. 따라서 주기의 정수배가 되는 시간 간격만큼 떨어진 신호 샘플들은 큰 자기 상관 값을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 자기 상관 특성을 활용하여 레이다 신호를 검출하는 방식을 제안한다. 그리고 펄스 레이다 신호의 주기가 알려지지 않은 경우를 다루기 위하여 레이다 펄스의 주기를 추정하는 방식도 제안한다. 마지막으로 모의 실험을 통해 제안한 방식의 레이다 신호 검출 성능을 분석하고, 에너지 검파 방식과 그 성능을 비교하고자 한다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제55권11호
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• pp.495-501
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• 2006

Diagnostics of unborn baby is mainly aimed at prediction and detection of occurrence of intrauterine hypoxia. Consequences resulting from fetal hypoxia appear in its heart activity. In this study, we have developed a new non-invasive system for fetal hypoxia diagnosis which provides systolic time interval(STI) parameters on the basis of analysis of electrical and mechanical heart activity together. For this we have worked on 1) the proper lead system for the acquisition of abdominal ECG, 2) the independent component analysis based signal processing and fetal ECG separation, 3) the development of a hardware which consists of an abdominal ECG amplifying module and an ultrasound module and 4) the detection of characteristic points of FECG and Doppler signal and the extraction of diagnostic parameters. The developed system was evaluated by the clinical experiments in which 33 subjects were participated. The acquired STI by the system were distributed within the ranges from the well-established invasive results of other researchers. From this, we can conclude that the developed non-invasive fetal hypoxia diagnosis system is useful.