• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.111-116
• /
• 2013

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of the Second Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS), focusing on its validity and reliability. Methods: The external validity was evaluated by the assessment of sampling procedures and the response rate, in order to investigate the representativeness of the sample. The content validity was evaluated by the assessment of the development of the questionnaire, and the consistency of questions for the selected construct. The test-retest method was used to evaluate the reliability by means of a phone call survey of 30% of the respondents, who were randomly selected. The respondents' satisfaction regarding the survey procedures and interview time were analyzed to evaluate the quality of survey data. Results: The external validity was assured by an acceptable sampling procedure, rigid multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. The content validity was also guaranteed by a reasonable procedure for the development of the questionnaire with a pretest. The internal consistency of the questions for work autonomy was maintained, with 0.738 of Cronbach's alpha. The response rate of 36% was lower than that of the European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS), with a contact rate of 66%, compared to 76% for the EWCS. The matching rates of the five retested questions were more than 98% reliable. Conclusion: The quality of the second KWCS was assured by the high external and content validity and reliability. The rigid sampling procedure and development of the questionnaire contributed to quality assurance. The high level of reliability may be guaranteed by the sophisticated field survey procedures and the development of a technical manual for interviewers. The technical strategies for a high response rate should be developed for future surveys.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.16-28
• /
• 2007

In this study, the implications for landscape architecture in the restoration Project of Cheonggyecheon will be shown through the analysis of factors for landscape architect scheme modification. The method of study consists of theoretical study, analysis of the plan and design of landscape architecture of the restoration project of Cheonggyecheon, and deduction of implications thereof. The controversial feints included the many difficulties in realizing the productive design of landscape architecture due to the selective collecting of public opinion and the problems of settling the complications, the design limit of the turnkey and MA systems, the lack of hydraulic knowledge and technology and the shortage of vegetation monitoring data and experimental materials. The alternative proposals are as follows: 1) there should be agreement between the government organization and the civil group, 2) in the turnkey bidding for the river restoration projects, the river restoration design based on the volume divided into some parts should be reconsidered in order to maintain consistency in the total design, 3) in order to maintain consistency in the planning policies, MA designs should also be introduced and applied from the first stage of the project through its completion, and 4) data such as the safe water level in case of flooding for the facilities and the vegetation and data in connection with the ecological restoration of river should be accumulated. If these controversies are not settled effectively, the river restoration project will be delayed due to complications with the citizens and wasted time and effort will result from the frequent design changes. In addition, landscape architecture in this kind of restoration project is bound to decrease in the future due to frequent changes in the hydraulic-centered design.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.390-395
• /
• 2008

간과 콩팥의 보강 기능, 어지럼증과 귀가 우는 것 예방, 야뇨증과 요실금, 체내활성 산소를 제거하여 노화예방 효능이 있는 것으로 알려진 산수유분말을 밀가루에 대하여 $0{\sim}3%$ 첨가하여 제조한 식빵에 반죽의 물리적 특성을 조사하였다. 반죽의 특성조사 결과 색도 L값 b값은 산수유 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였고 a값은 증가하였다. 반죽의 호화도 측정 결과 호화 온도, RVA는 대조구가 가장 높게 나타났고 산수유분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 낮아졌다. 반죽의 farinograph 측정 결과 반죽의 consistency, 반죽의 발전 시간, 반죽 안정도 모두는 대조구가 가장 높게 나타났고, 산수유 분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 반죽의 alveograph 측정 결과 최대압력 P값은 대조구가 가장 낮았고, 산수유 분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 또한 반죽 신장도 G값은 대조구가 가장 낮았고, 산수유 분말 1% 첨가구가 가장 높게 나타났다. 반죽의 발효 팽창력 측정 결과는 대조구가 가장 낮게 나타났고 산수유 분말 첨가량이 첨가할수록 높게 나타났다. 식빵의 외관 측정결과 대조구의 기공이 가장 안정되었고 산수유 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 불안정한 상태를 나타냈다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 2008

본 논문에서는 주파수 할당의 최적화를 위하여 제약만족문제의 모델링과 백트랙킹 탐색의 경험적 알고리즘을 제안한다. 연구의 목적은 주어진 서비스 영역에서 공동체 라디오 방송국의 개수를 최대화하면서 동시에 필요주파수를 최소화시키는 제약조건을 만족하는 주파수 할당이다. 본 연구는 효과적으로 해를 찾기 위하여 경험적 알고리즘을 제안하는데, 이것은 제한된 시간 안에 해를 찾는데 필요한 백트랙킹 횟수를 최소화하는 변수 순서와 값 순서에 관한 방법이다. 백트랙킹에서 불일치성을 늦게 발견하는 문제를 보완하기 위해서 일관성 강화기술 또는 제약 전파 방법을 사용한다. 백트랙킹 탐색과 일관성 강화 기술을 함게 사용함으로써 제약만족문제에 관한 보다 강력하고 효과적인 알고리즘을 얻을 수 있다. 본 논문은 또한 계산된 해와 이론적인 하한 값을 비교함으로써 제안된 알고리즘의 성능 비교를 수행한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.251-266
• /
• 1997

In order to test scaling assumption, and to assess the validity, reliability, and acceptability of the Short form 36(SF-36) health survey questionnaire, we conducted a survey. Samples were 296 workers who had been employed in small sized companies. All scale passed for item internal consistency(100% sucess rate) and item discriminant validity(100% success .ate). Reliability coefficients were ranged from the lowest 0.51 to the highest of 0.85. For 87.5% of the total workers, inconsistent responses were not observed. Only 3.0% of the total workers failed two or more checks. Factor analysis was performed using principal axis factor method and quartimax rotation. In this survey, the SF-36 retained available psychometric properties even when used in a generally healthy worker group. But further study with some consideration to develope health status measurement is expected : first, the definition of health status should be rationalized. Second, the measurement of outcome is an important consideration in evaluations of quality of care. But ambiguities hinder understanding of this important topic. Third, internal consistency should be interpreted with caution as an indication reliability because it ignores potentially important sources of variation that can occur over time.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:데이타베이스
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.274-286
• /
• 2004

모바일 클라이언트-서버 환경에서 모바일 클라이언트는 무선 통신의 높은 비용으로 인하여 서버와 단절된 상태를 가지며, 캐쉬된 지도의 효율적인 갱신을 위해 지역 복사본을 클라이언트가 갖는다. 이러한 환경에서 서버 데이타베이스의 일부가 변경된 경우 일관성 제어시에 캐쉬가 무효화될 수 있고, 이로 인해 캐쉬된 전체 데이타가 재 전송되는 것은 비효율적이다. 그러므로 서버에서 변경된 객체 정보를 로그로 기록하여, 캐쉬된 영역에 속하는 최근 변경 정보만을 전파하는 방법이 필요하다. 그러나 순차적으로 저장되는 로그의 경우 다음과 같은 문제점을 가진다. 첫째, 로그가 계속해서 누적된다. 이는 서버의 저장 공간 문제와 로그의 검색 성능 저하를 가져온다. 둘째, 순차적인 검색을 해야 한다. 로그의 양이 많을 경우 순차 검색은 비효율적이다. 셋째, 해당 클라이언트에게 불필요한 로그도 함께 전파된다. 이는 변경 정보 전파시 높은 무선 통신 비용을 발생시킨다. 이 논문에서는 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해서 불필요한 로그들을 정의하고, 이들을 생성 및 검색 단계에서 제거, 여과하기 위한 기법들을 제시한다. 또한 순차 저장된 로그에 대한 검색 시간을 단축시키기 위한 구조와 기법을 제시한다.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국펄프종이공학회 2000년도 제26회 펄프종이기술 국제세미나
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2000

The development of paper machines, increasing machine speeds with new, mostly low basis weight and/or high ash content paper grades, as well as the fact that several trends regarding process items have increased the sensitivity of papermaking. At the same time, papermakers are looking for flexibility in the production line. We can say that with all PMs the biggest benefits with the lowest capital spending can be achieved by focusing on improved wet end management. In order to manage wet end chemistry on a paper machine, our goal is to control sub-process through which we can influence the operation of the entire wet end with maximum effect. Key measurements and controls are-white water consistency control which is the most effective way to control retention - charge demand measurement and control which takes care of concentration of the anionic material entering to PM -ash measurements and controls which are deeply related to retention and paper quality This paper presents and concentrates to two of these key controls ; retention and charge. The purpose of charge control is to give the process control the tools to react to changes caused by amount of dissolved and colloida material incoming to wet end system. It is called coagulation or fixing control. Retention control is then taking care of retention aid flow to the process by responding any changes seen in white water consistency. It is called flocculation control. Each of these solutions separately , and even more effectively all together, stabilize the wet end operations and so greatly improve the produced paper quality and machine runnability. Practical results will be presented and they are referring to the latest mill cases. We have developed the first wet end measuring system in the late 1980s and control solutions based on this modern measuring technology were completely updated in 1990s. This paper introduces the principle, operation , and results of our unique wet end analyzers (retention and charge ) which are at the level of automation solutions as a part of paper machine quality control Especially our newest member of the platform , on-line charge analyzer has reached and set new standards to the on-line charge monitoring.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.44-53
• /
• 2000

The development of paper machines, increasing machine speeds with new, mostly low basis weight and/or high ash content paper grades, as well as the fact that several trends regarding process items have increased the sensitivity of papermaking. At the same time, papermakers are looking for flexibility in the production line. We can say that with all PMs, the biggest benefits with the lowest capital spending can be achieved by focusing on improved wet end management. In order to manage wet end chemistry on a paper machine, our goal is to control subprocesses through which we can influence the operation of the entire wet end with maximum effect. Key measurements and controls are - white water consistency control which is the most effective way to control retention. - charge demand measurement and control which takes care of concentration of the anionic material entering to PM. - ash measurements and controls which are deeply related to retention and paper quality. This paper presents and concentrates to two of these key controls: retention and charge. The purpose of charge control is to give the process control the tools to react to changes caused by amount of dissolved and colloidal material incoming to wet end system. It is called coagulation or fixing control. Retention control is then taking care of retention aid flow to the process by responding any changes seen in white water consistency. It is called flocculation control. Each of these solutions separately, and even more effectively all together, stabilize the wet end operations and so greatly improve the produced paper quality and machine runnability. Practical results will be presented and they are referring to the latest mill cases. We have developed the first wet end measuring system in the late 1980s and control solutions based on this modern measuring technology were completely updated in 1990s. This paper introduces the principle, operation, and results of our unique wet end analyzers (retention and charge) which are at the level of automation solutions as a part of paper machine quality control. Especially our newest member of the platform, on-line charge analyzer has reached and set new standards to the on-line charge monitoring.

• 토지주택연구
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.39-54
• /
• 2022

본 연구는 한국고용정보원의 청년패널조사(YP2007) 1~13차 직업력 자료와 전체자료 연결자료를 이용하여 서울시의 청년층 노동시장 동향 및 특징과 서울시 청년취업자의 일자리 지속기간과 임금 결정요인을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 고소득 근로자일수록 이탈가능성이 낮고, 전공 일치도가 높은 근로자일수록 이탈가능성이 낮은 것으로 확인된다. 또한 다른 조건이 일정한 상태에서 남성일수록, 기업규모가 커질수록, 상용직, 가구주, 노동조합이 있는 경우 임금을 상승시키는 결과를 보였다. 특히, 미스매치와 관련해서는 기준집단(적정학력, 적정기술)과 비교하여 학력부족 미스매치와 기술부족 미스매치는 각각 4.9%, 5.5%의 임금상승 효과를 보이고 있으며, 학력과잉 및 기술과잉 미스매치는 각각 5.3%, 9.2%의 임금손실 효과를 나타내고 있다. 그리고 전공일치 집단은 전공불일치 집단에 비해 3.8%의 임금을 상승시키는 것으로 추정된다.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.35-53
• /
• 2023

This study attempts to identify the flow of key topics and issues of research trends related to environment-friendly agriculture conducted around the 2000s in South Korea and compare them with the environment-friendly agriculture promotion plan to seek the level of consistency and the direction of future development of environment-friendly agriculture. For the analysis of environment-friendly agriculture research trends and policy consistency, 'topic modeling', which is suitable for subject classification of large amounts of unstructured data, and 'text network analysis', which visualizes the relationship between keywords as a network and interprets its characteristics, were utilized. Overall, active discussions were held on 'technical discussions for the production and cultivation of environment-friendly agricultural products' and 'food safety & consumer awareness', and keywords such as production, cultivation, consumption, and safety were consistently linked to other keywords regardless of time. In addition, it was found that the issue of environment-friendly agriculture was partially consistent with the policy direction of the period. Considering the fact that the ongoing '5th Environment-Friendly Agriculture Promotion Phase' emphasizes the strengthening of rural environment management and aims to ensure the continuous quantitative and qualitative development of environment-friendly agriculture, active discussions and research on its environmental contributions and management methods are needed.