• Title/Summary/Keyword: time of rising

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ZnO-based Ethanol Gas Sensor (ZnO를 기반으로한 에탄올 가스 센서)

  • Choi, Dong-Han
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.444-449
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    • 2013
  • ZnO-based ethanol gas sensors were fabricated by the painting method and their electrical and ethanol gas sensing characteristics were investigated. The ZnO-Pt (1 wt.%) film heat treated at $400^{\circ}C$, for 2 hrs. in air showed the highest sensitivity to ethanol gas in air at an operating temperature of $250^{\circ}C$ The sensitivity of the gas sensors to 1000 ppm ethanol in air at $250^{\circ}C$ was 8.7 and rising time and falling time of the gas sensors were 3.12 minutes and 25 minutes, respectively.

Chinese Naval Power Build-up and Measures for Regional Maritime Cooperation (중국의 해군력 발전과 지역 해양안보 협력 방안)

  • Park, Chang-Hee
    • Strategy21
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    • s.40
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    • pp.162-189
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    • 2016
  • This research deals with the PLAN's capabilities and its implication for regional security, and suggests some measures for maritime security cooperation among regional states. China has began to focus its national strategy more on 'rising as a new maritime power' since the 18th Party Convention in November 2012. Chinese new strategy aims at building a strong navy, contributing economic prosperity and national security, and thus elevating its prestige in international society. Most of all, building a strong navy is the foremost task at this time, and that is why the PLAN has the priority for military modernization. Chinese new maritime strategy could cause naval arms race in East Asia and aggravate maritime territorial disputes among concerned parties. It is the time for regional states to discuss some measures to build confidence, such as arms control of naval weapons, establishment of multilateral maritime security mechanism, and foundation of regional security regime, thus enhancing regional maritime cooperation.

MONTE CARLO ANALYSIS FOR FIRST ACQUISITION AND TRACKING OF THE KOMPSAT SPACECRAFT

  • Lee, Byeong-Seon;Lee, Jeong-Sook
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.417-425
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    • 1998
  • Monte Carlo analysis is performed for the first acquisition and tracking of the KOMP-SAT spacecrat in GSOC tracking station after separation from Taurus launch vehicle. The error bounds in position and velocity vector in Earth-fixed coordinate system at injection point are assumed based on the previous launch mission. Ten thousands injection orbital elements with normal distribution are generated and propagated for Monte Carlo analysis. The tracking antenna pointing errors at spacecraft rising time and closest approach time at German Space Operations Center(GSOC) Weiheim track-ing station are derived. Then the tracking antenna scanning angles are analyzed for acquisition and tracking of the KOMPSAT signal.

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Study on Discharge Characteristics Using $V_t$ Close-Curve Analysis in ac PDPs

  • Cho, Byung-Gwon;Tae, Heung-Sik
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2007.08b
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    • pp.1185-1188
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    • 2007
  • The address discharge characteristics by the various scan-low and common-bias voltages are investigated based on measured address discharge time lags and $V_t$ close-curve analysis. The scan-low voltages are changed under the same voltage difference between the X and Y electrodes during an address period. As the voltage difference between the scan and address electrodes is increased during an address period, the address discharge time lag is shortened but the background luminance is increased. It is found that the improved address discharge characteristics is caused by the effect of the higher external applied voltage during an address period than the accumulated wall charges during a reset period and the high background luminance can be prevented by applying an address-bias voltage during a rising-ramp period and low reset voltage.

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An Experimental Study on the Strength Development of High Strength Concrete in Various Curing Conditions at an Early-age (초기 양생조건에 따른 고강도 콘크리트의 강도발현에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Kwon, Yeong-Ho;Lee, Tea-Wang
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.141-148
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    • 2017
  • This study is experimentally investigated the effects of various steam curing parameters on the early-age compressive strength development of high strength concrete (over 40 MPa) in the precast plant production. High strength concrete are used only ordinary portland cement (type I) and water-cement ratio selected 3cases (25%, 35% and 45%). Also, steam curing parameters are as followings ; (1) Preset period 2cases (3 hours and 6 hours) (2) Maximum curing temperature 3cases ($45^{\circ}C$, $55^{\circ}C$ and $65^{\circ}C$) (3) Maintenance time of curing temperature 3cases (4 hours, 6 hours and 8 hours) (4) Maximum rate of heating and cooling $15^{\circ}C$/hr. Initial setting time and adiabatic temperature rising ratio of these concrete according to water-cement ratio are tested before main tests and examined the compressive strength development for the steam curing parameters. Also compressive strength are compared with optimum steam curing condition and standard curing at test ages. As test results, the optimum steam curing conditions for high strength concrete(over 40 MPa) are as followings. (1) Preset period ; over initial setting time of concrete (2) Maximum curing temperature ; bellow $55^{\circ}C$ (3) Maintenance time of curing temperature ; bellow 6hours. Also strength development of steam curing concrete show in the reversed strength at 28 days. It is to propose an efficient steam curing condition for high strength concrete in the precast method.

An IGBT Driver for Serial Connected Pulse Switching IGBTS (직렬 연결한 IGBT용 Driver)

  • Jin Jeong-Tae;Cha Byung-Heon;Seong Se-Jin
    • Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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    • 2001.12a
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    • pp.164-165
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    • 2001
  • An IGBT driver for serially connected pulse switching IGBTS was contructed and tested. The IGBT driver has ten output pulses with 1 ${\mu}ysec$ pulse width Its pulse repetition-rate can adjusted from 0 to 20 kHz. The output pulses was insulated from 10 kV high voltage by a pulse transformer. Their voltage amplitude are 18 V, voltage rising time 250 nsec., and voltage falling time 200 nsec when IGBT gates with 12 nF input capacitance are connected.

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Implement High Speed Bidirectional pulse power supply(BPPS) for plating

  • Kim, Tae-Eon;Park, Jong-Oh;Cho, Yong-Seong;Lee, Ihn-Yong;Kim, Young-Han;Lim, Young-Do
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2001.10a
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    • pp.37.1-37
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    • 2001
  • Electric plating is used in various industry field. Specially, pulse plating is able to deposit material at high current density compared to conventional DC plating. For example, pulse plating can get more fine grain, can improve adhesion and metal distribution and current efficiency, can reduce internal stress and crack. Therefore, we developed bidirection pulse power supply(BPPS) which has high speed pulse current and high current density and improve deposition quality and increase plating speed in this paper. BPPS(Bidirection pulse power supply) needs high speed rising time, falling time and output current accuracy. BPPS consists of rectifier part, chopper part, invertor part, and control part. Rectifier part changes outprt current direction.

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A Study on the Effects of Temperature Rise of Irrigation Water Passed Through the Warm Water Pool. (온수지에 의한 관개용수의 수온상승 효과에 관한 연구)

  • 연규석;최예환
    • Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.4323-4337
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    • 1977
  • The study was to estimate the effect of the rise of water temperature in the warm water pool and to make contribution to the establishment of reducing to a damage of cool water as well as to the planning for warm water pool. This observation was performed in Wudu warm water pool located at Wudu-Dong of Chuncheon for two years from 1975 to 1976. The results were showed as follows; 1. The daily variation of water temperature was the least for inset (No.1; 0.6$^{\circ}C$) the second for middle overflow (No2: 3$^{\circ}C$, No.3; 2.3$^{\circ}C$) and another for outflet (No.4; 3.6$^{\circ}C$, No.5; 3.8$^{\circ}C$) And the highest reaching time of water temperature in each block was later about 1 hour than the time at which air temperature happend in the daytime. So, the variation of water temperature was sensitive to the variation of air temperature 2. The monthly variation of water temperature at each measuring point was plotted to be increased with increase in air temperature till August (Mean monthly rising degree; No.1; 1.15$^{\circ}C$, No.2; 1.7$^{\circ}C$, No.3; 1.73$^{\circ}C$, No.4; 2.08$^{\circ}C$, No.5; 2.0$^{\circ}C$), and expressed gradually descended influence upon water temperature after August. 3. The mean temperature of inflow folwed in warm Water pool was 7.5∼12.5$^{\circ}C$, and outflow temperature was described as 13.4∼22.5$^{\circ}C$ to be climbed. And So, the rising interval of water temperature was shown as 6.7∼10.4$^{\circ}C$. 4. The correlation between the rising of water temperature and the weather condition was found out highly significant. As the result, their correlation coefficents of water temperature depending on mean air temperature, ground temperature, wind velocity and relative humidity were to be 0.93, 0.90, - 0.83 and 0.71 respectively. But there was no confrimation of the correlation on the clouds, sunlight time, volume of evaporation, and heat capacity of horizontal place. 5. The water temperature of balance during the period of rice growing in Chuncheon district was shown as table 10, and the mean of whole period was calculated as about 23.7$^{\circ}C$. 6. The observed value of the outflow temperature passed through the warm water pool was higher than that of computed, the mean difference between two value was marked as 1.15$^{\circ}C$ for blockl, 1.18$^{\circ}C$ for block2, and 0.47$^{\circ}C$ for block3, respectivly. Therefore, the ratio on the rising degree between the observed and computed were shown as 53%, 44%, and 18%, mean 38% through each block warm water pool (referring item $\circled9$ of table 11,12, and 13). Accordingly, formula (4) in order to fit for each block warm water pool was transfromed as follow; {{{{ { theta }_{w } - { theta }_{ 0} =[1-exp LEFT { { 1-(1+2 varphi )} over {cp } CDOT { A} over { q} RIGHT } ] TIMES ( { theta }_{w } - { theta }_{ 0}) TIMES C }}}} Here, correction coefficinent was computed 1.38, and being substituted 1.38 for C in preceding formula, the expected water temperature will be calculated to be able to irrigate the rice paddy. As the result, we can apply the coefficient in order to plan and to construct a new warm water pool.

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Application of UV Photocatalytic Degradation of Benzene

  • Gan, Yi;Liu, Ruiqi;Yu, Zhimin
    • Journal of Urban Science
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.29-34
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    • 2019
  • Benzene pollution is becoming increasingly serious, and the treatment technology of benzene has attracted much attention. In this paper, a self-made photocatalytic reactor was used to explore the removal rate of benzene under the ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 253.7nm. The results showed that the degradation rate of benzene decreased from 64.29% to 16.26% when the concentration increased from 43mg/㎥ to 256mg/㎥ under the condition of 28W UV light intensity and 50s residence time. Under the condition of 28W UV light intensity and 103mg/㎥ concentration, the residence time increased from 16.5s to 50s, and the benzene removal rate increased from 13.23% to 42.72%.Under the condition of benzene concentration 103mg/㎥ and residence time of 50s, the removal rate of benzene increased from 29.34% to 52.58% in the process of UV light intensity rising from 28W to 48W.It is concluded that decreasing the concentration and increasing the residence time of gas were beneficial to the removal of benzene and increasing the light intensity can improve the removal rate of benzene.

Scale Factor Tuning of the Fuzzy Controller Using Continuous Fuzzy Input Variables (연속형 퍼지 입력변수를 사용하는 퍼지 제어기의 환산계수 동조)

  • Lim, Young-Cheol;Park, Jong-Gun;Wi, Seog-Oh;Jung, Hyun-Cheol
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1996.07b
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    • pp.1359-1361
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    • 1996
  • This paper describes a design of real time fuzzy controller using Minimum fuzzy control Rule Selection Method(MRSM). The control algorithm of dynamic systems needs less computation time and memory. To reduce the computation time of fuzzy logic controller, minimum number of rules are to be selected for the fuzzy input variable. The universe of discourse is divided by the number of linguistic labels to allocate the assigned membership function to the fuzzy input variables. In this case, since fuzzy input variables are continuous, scale factor SU is tuned independently. According to increment of SU control surface is improved to adapt the change of system parameter. At this, crisp control surface is increased. With the increament of crisp control surface, fuzzy control surface is reduced. When error state deviates from desirable error state, crisp control surface is more useful than fuzzy control surface for obtaining fast rising time.

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