• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.888-892
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• 2002

Nae-Kyung says the puberty is corresponded to the age of 16～24(male) and 14～21 (female). And that time they are promoted the growth. However, Kidney qi doesn't make average situation during that time. So, the function of five viscera and six entrails fails to be perfect and symptoms appear. I came to the conclusion through the survey of about 200 high school students(male and female) and the theory of oriental medicine the distinctive features (like migraine, amnesia, depression, dysphoria, inappetence, irregular menstruation) came out that time. I defined this distinctive symptoms in boys and girls at puberty ‘synthetic symptoms of puberty’. For the medical cure and prevention I prescribed ‘Sachun-Nyung’ and that has medical benefits for ‘Replenishing qi and relieving the spleen, Soothing the liver and promoting blood circulation’

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.2505-2510
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• 2015

본 연구는 사춘기 전, 중, 후의 스트레스저항력의 차이를 알아보고자 하는 목적이다. 연구는 2012년 10월부터 12월까지 두달간 진행했다. 대상자로 사춘기 전과 중은 Y시 초등학교와 중학교 학생들을 대상으로 설문지를 통해 사춘기 전 28명, 중 35명 두 집단으로 나누고 사춘기 후 집단은 한국 정신과학 연구소의 전국 대학생 33명 뇌파로 사춘기 전, 중, 후 세 집단의 항 스트레스 차이를 알아보았다. 연구결과는 좌뇌 사춘기 전 평균값 77.11, 중 79.14, 후 84.93, 우뇌의 전 평균값 77.24, 중 79.89, 후 84.43으로 점차 항 스트레스지수가 증가됨을 볼 수 있었다. 이는 사춘기의 심리적 특성이 설문방식뿐만 아니라 과학적인 뇌파에 의해서도 입증될 수 있다는데 의미가 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2019

Objective: Recent studies have demonstrated that lin-28 homolog B (LIN28B)/miRNA let-7 (let-7) plays a role in the regulation of pubertal onset in mammals. However, the role of LIN28B/let-7 in the onset of ovine puberty remains unknown. We cloned the Duolang sheep Lin28B cDNA sequence, detected the expression change of LIN28B, let-7a and let-7g in hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary tissues at three different pubertal stages. Methods: The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to clone the cDNA sequence of LIN28B gene from Duolang sheep and the bioinformatics methods were applied to analyze the amino acid sequence of LIN28B protein. The mRNA expression levels of the LIN28B gene at different pubertal stages were examined by real time RT-PCR. Results: LIN28B cDNA of Duolang sheep was cloned, and two transcripts were obtained. The amino acid sequence of transcript 1 shares 99.60%, 98.78%, and 94.80% identity with those of goat, wild yak and pig, respectively. Strong LIN28B mRNA expression was detected in the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, oviduct and uterus, while moderate expression was found in the liver, kidney, spleen and heart, weak expression was observed in the heart. No expression was found in the lungs. Quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) and western-blot analysis revealed that the LIN28B was highly expressed in the hypothalamus and ovary at prepuberty stages, and this expression significantly decreased from the prepuberty to puberty stages (p<0.05). Markedly increased levels of mRNA expression were detected in the pituitary from prepuberty to puberty (p<0.05) and then significantly decreased from puberty to post-puberty (p<0.05). The expression levels of let-7a and let-7g showed no significant changes among different pubertal stages (p>0.05). Conclusion: These results provided a foundation for determining the functions of LIN28B/let-7 and their role in the onset of sheep puberty.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3123-3131
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• 2012

본 연구자는 만8세 미만의 초등학교 여아들의 조기성조숙 현황을 조사하고 조기성조숙에 영향을 미치는 인자에 대해서 연구하고자 하였다. 고령군에 소재한 초등학교 G, D 2개의 초등학교 1,2,3학년 여학생을 전수 253명을 대상으로 학부모의 동의를 얻어 성 발달정도 및 비만의 정도, 생활습관(운동습관, 식습관, 수면습관 등), 가정환경 등을 조사하여 조기성조숙 발현의 영향인자를 통계학적으로 분석하였다. 총 253명의 학생을 대상으로 조사하였으며 각 연령에서 성조숙 현상을 보인 여아는 6세 90명중 에서 7명(7.8%), 7세 68명 중에서 9명(13.2%), 8세 95명 중 50명(52.6%)으로 나타났고 전체 253명중 66명(26.1%)이였다. 조기성조숙에 영향을 미치는 인자로 통계적으로 유의성이 나타난 것은 비만도, 인스턴트섭취빈도, TV시청시간, 스트레스, 가족형태(결손가정)이었다. 비만도가 높을수록, 인스턴트 섭취 빈도가 높을수록, 스트레스가 많을수록, 결손가정에서 성 발달이 빨랐다. 본 연구의 결과 만8세 미만의 초등학교 저학년 여아 중 26.1%가 조기성조숙으로 나타났으며, 조기성조숙의 발현에 영향을 미치는 인자는 비만도, 인스턴트섭취 빈도, 스트레스, 가족형태(결손가정)등으로 조사 되었다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this study is understanding the trend of clinical researches on the correlation between precocious puberty and sleep. Methods 18 papers were searched by using keywords 'Precious publicity' and 'Sleep' in Pubmed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and those were analyzed for this study. Results Children aged 6 to 18 were participated in longitudinal studies and questionnaire surveys. Hormone levels and EEG were also measured in those children. This study had placed emphasis on the sleeping time and sleep quality, and sex hormones secretion during sleep and changes in the hormone secretion related to the sleep cycles. Historically, oriental medicine studies have demonstrated that there were correlations between precocious puberty and sleep. There are studies from China showed the importance of lifestyle management in preventing and treating precocious puberty, especially with light exposure during sleep. Conclusions Sleep is closely correlated with precocious puberty and it is an important factor to be considered in the prevention and treatment of precocious puberty.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2021

Kisspeptin is a key player in the central control of reproductive axis. Central administration of kisspeptin has been shown to advance puberty in rats. Stimulation of hypothalamic GnRH pulse generating mechanism by kisspeptin has been proposed to be the mechanism behind the onset of puberty. We hypothesized that chronic high doses of kisspeptin administration suppresses the reproductive axis and hence delays the pubertal onset. Hence, we investigated the effect of peripheral administration of chronic high doses of kisspeptin on pubertal onset, feed intake and body weight in female rats. Rats were treated with saline or kisspeptin (100 nmoles per day; intraperitoneal) for 26 days (day 25 to day 50 postnatal) and the day of vaginal opening was marked as day of puberty. Kisspeptin treated rats had delayed pubertal onset and reduced feed intake and body weight. Gonadal GPR54 mRNA was reduced suggesting that chronic high doses of kisspeptin may suppress the reproductive functions possibly by downregulation of GPR54 receptor. However, delay in puberty due to reduction in feed intake and body weight could not be ruled out in this study. Further, our study emphasizes the importance of dosage and duration of kisspeptin administration in the manipulation of reproductive axis. Our study, for the first time, suggests that kisspeptin and its analogues, if proven beneficial, could be used to treat precocious puberty in children. It appears that, though a promising tool for enhancing fertility, kisspeptin acts as a double-edged sword and has to be cautiously used to manipulate reproduction.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

Puberty is the developmental period which animals obtain the ability of reproducing sexually for the first time in life. In commercially important aquaculture fish species, the onset of puberty is a matter of major interest due to controlling of sexual maturation to improve broodstock management. To investigate pubertal characteristics of female longtooth grouper (Epinephelus bruneus), specimens were classified into three groups by the bodyweight, including 1, 2, and 3 kg group. Thereafter, we focused on ovarian development and level changes of endocrine regulation factors (GnRH, GTHs, steroid hormone). In the non-breeding season (April), the levels of endocrine regulation factors showed increasing trends in accordance with bodyweight gaining; nevertheless, the oocytes were growth phase belongs to almost peri-nucleous stages in all groups. In the breeding season (June), the levels of endocrine regulation factors were fluctuated that decreases in levels of sbGnRH and $FSH{\beta}$ mRNA expressions along with serum $E_2$ concentrations in 3 kg of group. However, $LH{\beta}$ mRNA expression levels sustained increasing trends by the bodyweight. Moreover, the oocytes developed that 2 kg and 3 kg groups obtained plentiful vitellogenic oocytes while 1 kg group was still composed with greater part of pre-vitellogenic oocytes. Especially, the oocytes of 3 kg group reached over 450 ${\mu}m$ of diameters that indicating possibility to enter the final maturations. These results suggest that the progress of pubertal development in female E. bruneus could be classify into three phases via bodyweight, including pre-puberty (1 kg), early-puberty (2 kg) and puberty (3 kg).

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2009

In mammals, puberty is a dynamic transition process from infertile immature state to fertile adult state. The neuroendocrine aspect of puberty is started with functional activation of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal hormone axis. The timing of puberty can be altered by many factors including hormones and/or hormone-like materials, social cues and metabolic signals. For a long time, attainment of a particular body weight or percentage of body fat has been thought as crucial determinant of puberty onset. However, the precise effect of high-fat (HF) diet on the regulation of hypothalamic GnRH neuron during prepubertal period has not been fully elucidated yet. The present study was undertaken to test the effect of a HF diet on the puberty onset and hypothalamic gene expressions in immature female rats. The HF diet (45% energy from fat, HF group) was applied to female rats from weaning to around puberty onset (postnatal days, PND 22-40). Body weight and vaginal opening (VO) were checked daily during the entire feeding period. In the second experiment, all animals were sacrificed on PND 36 to measure the weights of reproductive tissues. Histological studies were performed to assess the effect of HF diet feeding on the structural alterations in the reproductive tissues. To determine the transcriptional changes of reproductive hormone-related genes in hypothalamus, total RNAs were extracted and applied to the semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Body weights of HF group animals tend to be higher than those of control animals between PND 22 and PND 31, and significant differences were observed PND 32, PND 34, PND 35 and PND 36 (p<0.05). Advanced VO was shown in the HF group (PND $32.8{\pm}0.37$ p<0.001) compared to the control (PND $38.25{\pm}0.25$). The weight of ovaries (p<0.01) and uteri (p<0.05) from HF group animals significantly increased when compared to those from control animals. Corpora lutea were observed in the ovaries from the HF group animals but not in control ovaries. Similarly, hypertrophy of luminal and glandular uterine epithelia was found only in the HF group animals. In the semi-quantitative RT-PCR studies, the transcriptional activities of KiSS-1 in HF group animals were significantly higher than those from the control animals (p<0.001). Likewise, the mRNA levels of GnRH (p<0.05) were significantly elevated in HF group animals. The present study indicated that the feeding HF diet during the post-weaning period activates the upstream modulators of gonadotropin such as GnRH and KiSS-1 in hypothalamus, resulting early onset of puberty in immature female rats.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2000

본 연구는 사춘기전과 사춘기가 시작될 무렵의 흰쥐난소에서 에탄올이 steroidogenic acute regulatory protein(StAR)의 유전자 발현에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 조사하고자 수행되었다. 생후 25일 째부터 매일 흰쥐에 에탄을 또는 생리식염수를 복강주사하고 생후 27일, 32일 째에 실험동물을 희생시켜 혈액과 난소를 적출하였다. 실험결과 에탄올은 혈중의 황체호르몬 함량을 유의하게 감소시켰으며, 자궁의 무게는 27일 째에는 에탄올처리군에서 유의하게 적었으나, 32일 째에는 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 사춘기의 시작을 나타내는 지표의 하나인 viginal opening은 에탄올처리군에서 현저히 지연되었으며, 난소에서의 StAr mRNA발현 또한 유의하게 감소됨을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 에탄올이 적어도 사춘기 난소의 기능 및 사춘기의 시작을 교란시킬 수 있으며, 이러한 영향의 일부는 난소내 StAR유전자 발현을 억제함으로써 나타난다고 사료된다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.680-692
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• 2018

Children's health is interesting to parents and society. A system that assists to monitor the development of their children and gives nutritional advices is an interesting of parents. In this study, we present a system that allows to track the heights and weights of a child since he/she was born up to adulthood, to predict his age of puberty, and to provide nutritional advice. Particularly, it predicts the height in near future and the adult stature for detecting the child with abnormal development. We applied Sager's model for predicting the height in near future by using interpolation and regression techniques before puberty. After determining the puberty time, we proposed a model for predicting the height. Then we applied fuzzy logic for evaluating the health status and providing nutritional advice. Our system predicted stature in near future with error bound of $1.7361{\pm}0.0397cm$ in girls and $2.4020{\pm}0.0799cm$ in boys. Our model also gave a reliable adult stature prediction with error bound of $0.3507{\pm}0.2808cm$ in girls and $1.3414{\pm}0.7024cm$ in boys. At the same time, the nutrition was provided appropriately in terms of protein, lipid, glucid. We implemented a program based on this research. Our system promises to improve the health of every child.