• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.1562-1570
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• 2003

The prediction of the inelastic behavior of the structure is an essential part of reliability assessment procedure, because most of the failures are induced by the inelastic deformation, such as creep and plastic deformation. During decades, there has been much progress in understanding of the inelastic behavior of the materials and a lot of inelastic constitutive equations have been developed. The complexity of these constitutive equations generally requires a stable and accurate numerical method. The radial return mapping is one of the most robust integration scheme currently used. Nonlinear kinematic hardening model of Armstrong-Fredrick type has recovery term and the direction of kinematic hardening increment is not parallel to that of plastic strain increment. In this case, The conventional radial return mapping method cannot be applied directly. In this investigation, we expanded the radial return mapping method to consider the nonlinear kinematic hardening model and implemented this integration scheme into ABAQUS by means of UMAT subroutine. The solution of the non-linear system of algebraic equations arising from time discretization with the generalized midpoint rule is determined using Newton method and bisection method. Using dynamic yield condition derived from linearization of flow rule, the integration scheme for elastoplastic and viscoplastic constitutive model was unified. Several numerical examples are considered to demonstrate the efficiency and applicability of the present method.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.297-303
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• 2014

Using the bond-based peridynamics and the parallel computation with binary decomposition, an adjoint shape design sensitivity analysis(DSA) method is developed for the dynamic crack propagation problems. The peridynamics includes the successive branching of cracks and employs the explicit scheme of time integration. The adjoint variable method is generally not suitable for path-dependent problems but employed since the path of response analysis is readily available. The accuracy of analytical design sensitivity is verified by comparing it with the finite difference one. The finite difference method is susceptible to the amount of design perturbations and could result in inaccurate design sensitivity for highly nonlinear peridynamics problems with respect to the design. It turns out that $C^1$-continuous volume fraction is necessary for the accurate evaluation of shape design sensitivity in peridynamic discretization.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 2014

In this paper, we present an effective sound classification system for recognizing the real-time context of a smartphone user. Our system avoids unnecessary consumption of limited computational resource by filtering both silence and white noise out of input sound data in the pre-processing step. It also improves the classification performance on low energy-level sounds by amplifying them as pre-processing. Moreover, for efficient learning and application of HMM classification models, our system executes the dimension reduction and discretization on the feature vectors through k-means clustering. We collected a large amount of 8 different type sound data from daily life in a university research building and then conducted experiments using them. Through these experiments, our system showed high classification performance.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.777-783
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• 2008

Nowadays wavelet transforms are widely used for the analyses of PIV velocity vector fields. This is bemuse the wavelet provides not only spatial information of the velocity vectors but also of time and frequency domains. In this study, a discrete wavelet trC1f1$form has been applied to real PIV images of bubbly flows. The vector fields obtained by a self-made cross-correlation PIV algorithm were used for the discrete wavelet transform The performances of the discrete wavelet transform is investigated by changing the level of power of discretization. The decomposed images by the wavelet multiresolution showed conspicuous characteristics of the bubbly flows according to the level changes. The high spatial bubble concentrated area could be evaluated by the constructed discrete wavelet transform algorithm, at which high leveled wavelets could play a dominant roles to reveal the flow characteristics.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.543-548
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• 2019

The tonal signal caused by the machinery component of a vessel such as an engine, gearbox, and support elements, can be modeled as a sparse signal in the frequency domain. Recently, compressive sensing based techniques that recover an original signal using a small number of measurements in a short period of time, have been applied for the tonal frequency detection. These techniques, however, cannot avoid a basis mismatch error caused by the discretization of the frequency domain. In this paper, we propose a method to detect the tonal frequency with a small number of measurements in the continuous domain by using the atomic norm minimization technique. From the simulation results, we demonstrate that the proposed technique outperforms conventional methods in terms of the exact recovery ratio and mean square error.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.313-321
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• 2019

The prediction of the hydrodynamic performance of a planing hull vessel is an important and challenging topic for computational fluid dynamic (CFD) applications to naval hydrodynamics. In this paper, the resistance and planing attitude analysis for a Fridsma hull, which is a prismatic planing hull, in still water are numerically studied using OpenFOAM. OpenFOAM is an open source code package based on C++ libraries and the finite volume method (FVM) for the discretization of the RANS equation. The volume of fluid method (VOF) is used to capture the water-air interface and the SST ${\kappa}-{\omega}$ model is used for the turbulence simulation. The overset mesh method is used to capture the large motion of the hull at higher speeds. Before the extensive analysis, uncertainty analyses using various time steps and grid sizes were performed for one ship speed case of Fn = 1.19. The results of the present study are compared with those of a model test, other CFD research, and Savitsky's empirical formula. The results of the present study, following the trend of other CFD results, slightly over predict the resistance and under predict the sinkage and, more significantly, the trim.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.359-371
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• 2021

A tumor immune interaction is a main topic of interest in the last couple of decades because majority of human population suffered by tumor, formed by the abnormal growth of cells and is continuously interacted with the immune system. Because of its wide range of applications, many researchers have modeled this tumor immune interaction in the form of ordinary, delay and fractional order differential equations as the majority of biological models have a long range temporal memory. So in the present work, tumor immune interaction in fractional form provides an excellent tool for the description of memory and hereditary properties of inter and intra cells. So the interaction between effector-cells, tumor cells and interleukin-2 (IL-2) are modeled by using the definition of Caputo fractional order derivative that provides the system with long-time memory and gives extra degree of freedom. Moreover, in order to achieve more efficient computational results of fractional-order system, a discretization process is performed to obtain its discrete counterpart. Furthermore, existence and local stability of fixed points are investigated for discrete model. Moreover, it is proved that two types of bifurcations such as Neimark-Sacker and flip bifurcations are studied. Finally, numerical examples are presented to support our analytical results.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.231-249
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• 2024

When the amplitude of the vibrations is equivalent to that clearance, the vibrations for small amplitudes will really be significantly nonlinear. Nonlinearities will not be significant for amplitudes that are rather modest. Finally, nonlinearities will become crucial once again for big amplitudes. Therefore, the concrete panel system may experience a big amplitude in this work as a result of the high temperature. Based on the 3D modeling of the shell theory, the current work shows the influences of the von Kármán strain-displacement kinematic nonlinearity on the constitutive laws of the structure. The system's governing Equations in the nonlinear form are solved using Kronecker and Hadamard products, the discretization of Equations on the space domain, and Duffing-type Equations. Thermo-elasticity Equations. are used to represent the system's temperature. The harmonic solution technique for the displacement domain and the multiple-scale approach for the time domain are both covered in the section on solution procedures for solving nonlinear Equations. An effective data-driven solution is often utilized to predict how different systems would behave. The number of hidden layers and the learning rate are two hyperparameters for the network that are often chosen manually when required. Additionally, the data-driven method is offered for addressing the nonlinear vibration issue in order to reduce the computing cost of the current study. The conclusions of the present study may be validated by contrasting them with those of data-driven solutions and other published articles. The findings show that certain physical and geometrical characteristics have a significant effect on the existing concrete panel structure's susceptibility to temperature change and GPL weight fraction. For building construction industries, several useful recommendations for improving the thermo-mechanics' behavior of structural concrete panels are presented.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.3A
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• pp.163-172
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• 2011

The CFTA girder developed is a concrete filled steel tubular system with arched shape and external post-tensioning (PT) tendons which control the initial camber and the bending stress of the girder. In the present study the effects of the PT tendons on the dynamic behavior of the girder subjected to a moving vehicle load are numerically investigated. Various levels for the tendon quantity and the tendon forces are considered, using the existing FE model of the girder. The vehicle considered is a DB-24 truck and is modeled with two tracks-three axles. Equivalent-load pulse time histories are applied to each node to simulate the moving vehicle, depending on the time of arrival and the discretization. The vehicle speeds are varied from 40 km/hr to 100 km/hr with increment of 20 km/hr. The analysis results show that the tendon forces do not produce any influences on the dynamic responses of the girder. However the dymamic deflection of the girder increases when a smaller amount of tendons is used. The Dynamic Amplification Factors (DAF) are evaluated based on the static and dynamic responses. Much lower values of the DAF are obtained, even no tendons applied, than those provided by the design criteria of the AASHTO LRFD and the Korea Highway Standard Specification.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.221-221
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• 2014

The present work proposes an improved numerical simulator for design and modification of large area capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) processing chamber. CCP, as notoriously well-known, demands the tremendously huge computational cost for carrying out transient analyses in realistic multi-dimensional models, because electron dissociations take place in a much smaller time scale (${\Delta}t{\approx}10-8{\sim}10-10$) than time scale of those happened between neutrals (${\Delta}t{\approx}10-1{\sim}10-3$), due to the rf drive frequencies of external electric field. And also, for spatial discretization of electron flux (Je), exponential scheme such as Scharfetter-Gummel method needs to be used in order to alleviate the numerical stiffness and resolve exponential change of spatial distribution of electron temperature (Te) and electron number density (Ne) in the vicinity of electrodes. Due to such computational intractability, it is prohibited to simulate CCP deposition in a three-dimension within acceptable calculation runtimes (<24 h). Under the situation where process conditions require thickness non-uniformity below 5%, however, detailed flow features of reactive gases induced from three-dimensional geometric effects such as gas distribution through the perforated plates (showerhead) should be considered. Without considering plasma chemistry, we therefore simulated flow, temperature and species fields in three-dimensional geometry first, and then, based on that data, boundary conditions of two-dimensional plasma discharge model are set. In the particular case of SiH4-NH3-N2-He CCP discharge to produce deposition of SiNxHy thin film, a cylindrical showerhead electrode reactor was studied by numerical modeling of mass, momentum and energy transports for charged particles in an axi-symmetric geometry. By solving transport equations of electron and radicals simultaneously, we observed that the way how source gases are consumed in the non-isothermal flow field and such consequences on active species production were outlined as playing the leading parts in the processes. As an example of application of the model for the prediction of the deposited thickness uniformity in a 300 mm wafer plasma processing chamber, the results were compared with the experimentally measured deposition profiles along the radius of the wafer varying inter-electrode gap. The simulation results were in good agreement with experimental data.