• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.278-299
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• 1998

This study was aimed to evaluate the anti-stress effect of danchisoyosan on the rats stressed by immobilization. The experimental animals were immobilized in the stress box($5{\times}5{\times}20cm$) for 12 hours in a day during 3 days, and administered $500mg/5m{\ell}/g$ of Danchisoyosan extract for 14 days before stress. There were measured the change of body weight and organ weight under immobilized-stress. The norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, serotonine contents were measured by HPLC method in rat brain. There were measured the GOT, GPT contents in serum and tissue lipid peroxidation in the brain, liver, spleen, adrenalgland, pancreas, testes, thymus, heart. The following results were obtained: 1. The change of organ weight was significantly lower in control than normal group. Sample group inhibited decreased weight from stress comparing to control group. 2. Lipid peroxidation in the liver was significantly higher in control than normal group. Sample group shows significant decrease comparing to control group. 3. Lipid peroxidation in the kidney was significantly higher in control than normal group. Sample group shows significant decrease comparing to control group. 4. GPT contents in serum was significantly higher in control than normal group. Sample up shows significant decrease comparing to control group. 5. Dopamine contents in the brain was significantly higher in control than normal group. Sample group shows significant decrease comparing to control group. 6. Serotonine contents in the brain was significantly higher in control than normal group. Sample group shows significant decrease comparing to control group.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.84-92
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• 2000

This Study was conducted to assess the single dose toxicity of DA-125, a new anthracycline anti-cancer agent, in rats and mice. The Drug was administered once intravenously to both sexes of rats and mice. Then followed a 14-day period of observation. The $LD_{50}$ Values (95% confidence limit) were estimated to be 60.9 mg/kg (57.5~64.3 mg/kg) for male rats and 60.2 mg/kg (56.2~64.5 mg/kg) for female rats, and 85.8 mg/kg (81.0~90.9 mg/kg) for male mice and 84.5 mg/kg (78.2~91.9 mg/kg) for female mice. Both sexes of rats and mice given the drug revealed the clinical sign of decreased locomotor activity, emaciation, hair loss, red-dish brown urine, salivation, and watery diarrhea. In addition, body weight from the next day to the 7th day tended to be decreased slightly in rats and mice treated with DA-125. Death occurred from the next day after administration to the 12th day. Macroscopically, congestion of gastrointestinal organ, lung, and adrenal glands were found in both sexes on the dead rats and mice. Histopathological examination of dead rats manifested atrophy of spleen, hypoplasia of bone marrow, hypcplasia and necrosis of lymphocyte in thymus, atrophy of villi in small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), hyperplasia of granular epithelium in small intestine, degeneration of germinal epithelium in testis, defer oration of tubular epithelium in kidney, and vacuolation and myolysis of myocardium in heart. Histopathological examination of dead mice revealed hypoplasia of spleen and mesenteric lymph node, local necrosis of liver, atrophy of villi in small intestine, hyperplasia of glandular epithelium in small and large intestine, degeneration of tubular in kidney, degeneration of germinal cells in testis, and slight vacuolar degeneration of myocardium in heart.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.784-790
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• 2014

인위적 환경에서 사육된 파리유충은 곤충 의생명소재로서 잠재성을 갖는다. 본 연구는 파리유충 에탄올추출물(EM)을 랫드에게 추출물을 투여하지 않은 대조군과 생체중 100 g 당 추출물 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 mg으로 구분하여 40일동안 경구투여 하였다. 혈액 중성지방, 총콜레스테롤 및 LDL-C는 대조군과 비교할 때 EM 투여군에서 각각 17.90, 17.60, 16.37% 낮아졌으나 HDL-C는 120.48% 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 흉선, 비장은 대조군과 비교할 때 EM 투여군에서 각각 121.42, 121.42% 농도 의존적으로 증가하였으나 복강지방은 39.66% 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 혈액 IgG, IgA, IgM 농도는 대조군과 비교할 때 EM 투여군에서 각각 135.14, 168.65, 290.16% 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus는 EM 투여군이 대조군과 비교할 때 각각 141.68, 135.55% 증가하였으나 Bacteroides, Clostridium, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus는 각각 24.96, 46.37, 25.00, and 34.05% 유의하게 낮아졌다(p<0.05). 맹장에서 총유기산, 초산과 프로피온산은 EM 투여군이 대조군과 비교할 때 각각 131.11, 149.34, 124.88% 증가하였으나 뷰티르산, 이소뷰티르산, 발레르산, 이소발레르산은 각각 30.79, 72.64, 32.90, 63.16% 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 본 연구결과는 파리유충 에탄올추출물이 동물의 장 내 미생물 균총 유지 및 유기산 증식을 통한 복강지방, 혈액지질 감소 및 면역세포 발육과 관련한 비피더스 활성효과를 갖는다는 점을 나타낸다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.949-956
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• 1994

The effect of zinc deficiency on certain immunological parameters was investigated using intragastric tube feeding to obviate decreased food intake and altered eating pattern. Male, Fischer 344 rats were bilaterally adrenalectomized(ADX) or sham operated(SHAM). ADX rats received 0.9% NaCl in their drinking water and corticosterone injections at the dose of 1mg/kg of body weight three times per day. After recovery, one half of ADX and SHAM animals were tube-fed a purified, liquid diet containing either two ppm of zinc(zinc-deficient, force-fed ; ZDF) or 50ppm(zinc-replete, force-fed ; ZRF) for 19 days. They received identical amounts of diet based on the intake of ad libitum-fed, zinc-replete rats. Although they received identical amounts of food, ZDF rats grew at a slower rate compared to ZRF rats in both SHAM and ADX rats. Regardless of surgery, force-feeding rats the zinc-deficient diet resulted in a substantial decrease in serum zinc levels. The weights of the thymus, lymph node, and spleen were lower in SHAM-ZRF rats compared to SHAM-ARF rats. Marginal zinc deficiency caused lymphopenia in SHAM animals. However, these differences in lymphoid tissues and cells between SHAM-ZDF and SHAM-ZRF rats disappeared in ADX rats. These results indicate that the impaired growth of lymphoid tissues observed in zinc-deficient, sham-operated animals can be attributed to elevated serum corticosterone levels under the conditions of our experiments.

• 약학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.459-465
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• 2002

$\beta$-l, 3-glucans are well known to enhance the immune reactions, resulting in antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, anticoagulatory and wound healing activities. $\beta$-1, 3-glucans have various activities depending on molecular weight, degree of branching, conformation, water-solubility and intermolecular association. However, the $\beta$-1, 3-glucans linked backbone structure is essential and $\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl units are required for immunopotentiating activities. In this study, we tested the immunophamacological activities of insoluble $\beta$-1, 3-glucan from Agrobacterium sp. R259 KCTC 10197BP and confirmed the following activities: (1) IFN-${\gamma}$ production in PBMCs in the presence or in the absence of PHA, LPS, IL-18, and IL-12; (2) the induction of various cytokines in the spleen and thymus; (3) the adjuvant effect on the antibody production; (4) the cytotoxic and antitumor effects on cell lines and ICR mice. These results strongly suggest that $\beta$-1, 3-glucan from Agrobacterium sp. R259 KCTC 10197BP possesses various immunopharmacologica1 activities.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1348-1353
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• 2010

A grower broiler experiment (from 14 to 35 days of age) was conducted to study the effect of using two commercial mixtures of organic acids (Galliacid$^{(R)}$ and Biacid$^{(R)}$) to substitute antibiotic growth promoter (Eneramycin$^{(R)}$) on performance, carcass characteristics and intestinal microflora. 400 (Ross 308) broiler chicks were used. A basal corn-soybean meal diet were formulated and served as a control treatment. The control diet was supplemented with either 0.06% Galliacid, 0.1% Biacid or 0.02% Eneramycin. Birds fed the Galliacid-supplemented diet had 16% (p<0.001) more gain than the control, while those fed the Biacid- or Enramycinsupplemented diets recorded 3 and 5.5% more gain, respectively. Organic acids mixtures and Enramycin supplementation significantly (p<0.001) improved feed conversion ratio. These results indicated that birds fed either organic acid mixtures or Enramycinsupplemented diets utilized feed more efficiently than those fed the control diet. Galliacid significantly (p<0.01) increased dressing percentage and bursa weight (% body weight). No significant differences were detected on liver, spleen and thymus (% body weight) among treatments. Galliacid or Biacid significantly (p<0.001) decreased intestinal Escherichia coli and Salmonella compared to the control and Enramycin-supplemented diets. Dietary Enramycin significantly (p<0.001) decreased Escherichia coli, but had no effect on Salmonella counts. In conclusion, organic acid mixtures are more efficient than antibiotic growth promoter (Enramycin) in improving broiler performance and decreasing intestinal Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., and could be successfully used to substitute antibiotic growth promoters in broiler diets. However, not all of the organic acid mixtures gave the same effect either on performance or intestinal bacterial counts.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.408-411
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• 2019

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of bioactive Yeonsan Ogye peptides (YOPs) intake on changes in the hepatic anti-oxidant indexes in male rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 3 groups and given a casein-based AIN-93G diet and distilled water ad libitum without any added YOPs (control), distilled water with 250 mg of YOPs (Y250), or 500 mg of YOPs (Y500) per kg of body weight for 4 weeks. YOP dose was decided as referred to in the referenced study where toxicity did not occur. The hepatic anti-oxidant indexes were determined using a commercial kit. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0 and are expressed as $mean{\pm}standard$ error of mean. Differences among the groups were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc Duncan's multiple comparisons test. Results: There were no differences in the body weights, weight gain, food intake, food efficiency ratio, or organ weight, including liver, kidney, spleen, thymus, and epididymal fat, among all of the groups. The hepatic nitric oxide (NO) level in the Y500 group was lower than that in the control and Y250 groups, and the hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) level was lower in the Y500 group than in the Y250 group. The differences in hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were not statistically significant between the groups. From these results we speculated that YOPs may have anti-oxidative abilities to regulate NO and MDA production without affecting SOD and CAT activities. Conclusion: YOPs are presumed to act as anti-oxidants in the animal or human body.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.67-71
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• 1999

전신 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사 24 시간 전에 Cordyceps sinensis (Cs) 추출물을 복강에 단일 투여하였을 때 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사된 생쥐의 생존율, 체중, 기관 무게 및 혈청 대사물에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. Cs 추출물의 투여는 ${\gamma}$ - 선을 조사한 생쥐의 40 - day 생존율을 66.7%에서 83.4%로 증가시켰다. 또한 Cs 추출물의 투여는 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사에 의한 비장과 흉선의 무게감소를 완전히 막아 주었다 (P<0.05, P<0.01). 한편 이와 유사하나 다소 적은 방사선 방호효과가 Cs 투여군의 고환에서도 관찰되었다. Cs 추출물의 투여는 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사시 나타나는 조사 7 일째의 고혈당 효과를 억제하였다 (P<0.01). 그러나 조사된 기간 동안 혈청 콜레스테롤과 단백질의 수준에는 아무런 영향을 주지 않았다. 본 연구는 Cs가 방사선 방호효과를 보여주는 최초의 보고이다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.172-184
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• 1999

This study was aimed to evaluate the anti-stress effect of Kungchihwadamjeun on the body weight. organs weight, S- GOT. S-GPT. lipid peroxidase in organs and contents of cathecholamine in brain of rats stressed by immobilization. The main results obtained were summarized as follow 1. The body weights increased in the group treated with Kungchihwadamjeun of rats stressed by immobilization compared with in the group treated with non Kungchihwadamjeun. 2. The weight of the spleen. kidney. pancreas, thymus and heart increased in the group treated with Kungchihwadamjeun of rats stressed by immobilization compared with in the group treated with non Kungchihwadamjeun. 3. The contents of serum GOT GPT decreased in the group treated with Kungchihwadamjeun of rats stressed by immobilization compared with in the group treated with non Kungchihwadamjeun 4. The lipid peroxidase in liver decreased in the group treated with Kungchihwadamjeun of rats stressed by immobilization compared with in the group treated with non Kungchihwadamjeun. 5. The contents of norepinephrine and serotonine in brain decreased in the group treated with Kungchihwadamjeun of rats stressed by immobilization compared with in the group treated with non Kungchihwadamjeun, but epinephrine and dopamine in brain increased. According to the above results, this experiments concluded that Kungchihwadamjeun had significant effects in reducing stress.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.11-24
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• 1994

수은($HgCl_2$)이 마우스의 면역계에 미치는 영향을 밝히고자 Balb/c 마우스를 대상으로 시험관내 및 생체내 단계적 시험을 실시하였다. Lipopolysaccharide, pokeweed mitogen 및 phytohemagglutinin 등의 미토겐(mitogen)에 대한 비장세포의 반응성은수은농도에 의존적으로 억제되었다. 수은에 의한 비장세포의 증식반응억제는 배양기간 중 수은 노출시기에 관계 없었으며 수은 전처치에 의해서도 그 증식반응은 억제되었다. 그러나 수은은 pokeweed mitogen으로 유도한 비장세포의 항체생산은 항진시켰다. 실험동물을 음용에 의하여 수은에 3주간 노출시켰을 때 투여기간 중 체중의 증가는 현저히 둔화되었으나, 흉선 및 비장의 무게, 신장, 골수, 비장 및 슬와 림프절의 병리학적 변화는 유발되지 않았다. 그러나 혈청 면역 글로불린(immunoglobulin) 농도는 현저히 증가되었다. 증가된 혈청 $IgG_1$및 IgE농도는interleukin-4 (IL-4)에 대한 항체투여로 현저히 감소되었다. 수은투여 마우스의 면양적혈구(SRBC)에 대한 항체반응을 측정한 결과 면양적혈구에 대한 총응집소가에는 대조군의 그것과 차이가 없었으나 혈청 IgM 및 IgG농도는 오히려 대조군의 그것보다 현저히 높았다. 이상의 성적들은 수은의 면역계에 대한 독작용은 그 측정방법에 따라 다를 수 있으며, 수은노출에 따른 림프조직의 병변이 발생하기 전에 면역계의 기능적 변화가 일어나고, 수은에 의한 혈청 면역 글로불린 농도의 증가는 특정항원에 대한 항체반응과는 무관할 수 있는 등 수은이 면역반응에 이상을 초래함을 시사한다.