• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2017

누에동충하초의 유효성분 증가 및 흡수력 향상을 위한 발효식품을 개발하기 위하여 유산균, 고초균, 낫토균, 효모 등 4종의 미생물을 이용하여 각 미생물을 사용할 수 있는 다양한 조합으로 단 발효와 복합 발효를 시도한 15가지의 모든 경우의 수를 미생물 접종 조건으로 하여 발효산물을 제조하였다. 각 조건의 발효산물의 당도, 환원당, 단백질 함량 등 기본 성분의 함량 변화와 총폴리페놀, 총플라보노이드, 항산화 활성, tyrosinase 저해활성, 혈전 용해 활성 등 건강식품 개발에 요구되는 항목들의 활성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 대부분의 발효산물에서 환원당과 단백질 등 함량은 다소 낮아졌으나 효모를 이용하여 발효한 발효산물에서는 당도가 높아져 단맛이 증가하였으며, 총 폴리페놀과 항산화 활성은 발효 전 누에동충하초에 비해 발효산물에서 증가를 보이지는 않았지만 총플라보노이드와 tyrosinase 저해활성 및 혈전용해 활성에서는 발효에 의해 증가효과를 나타냈다. 특히, 효모를 이용한 복합 발효균에서 대부분 활성의 증가를 나타냈으나 효모만을 이용한 단 발효에서는 그 활성의 증가를 확인할 수 없었다. 따라서 유산균과 효모를 이용한 복합 발효 조건에 대한 추가적인 연구를 통해 더욱 탁월한 건강기능효과를 가지는 누에동충하초 발효식품을 개발한다면 국민 건강 증진 및 양잠농가의 소득증대에도 기여할 것으로 기대한다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.724-730
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 인뇨에서 분리 정제한 urokinase와 유전자 재조합 CHO(Chinese Hamster Ovary) 세포 배양액으로부터 분리 정제한 pro-urokinase의 물리화학적 특성과 혈액 내에서의 효소활성을 비교 분석하였다. Two chain form인 urokinase와 single chain form인 pro-urokinase를 각각 순수 분리한 후, electrophoresis한 결과 모두 54 kd의 단일밴드를 나타냈다. 그러나 urokinase는 환원시켰을 때 33 kd과 21 kd으로 나누어짐을 확인하였으나 gel filtration결과 분자량이 54 kd 정도임을 확인되어 용액 내에서 단일분자로 존재함을 알 수 있었다. Urokinase와 pro-urokinase가 물리화학적으로 거의 동일한 구조를 가졌다는 사실은 isoelectro focusing에 의한 pI 값이 모두 8.6으로 동일하다는 점과, 아미노산 조성을 분석한 결과 동일하다는 사실로도 알 수 있었다. N-terminal 아미노산 서열을 분석한 결과, urokinase는 이중사슬구조이므로 N-terminal이 두개 존재하여 pro-urokinase의 서열(Ser-Asn-Glu-Leu-His-Gln-Val-Pro-Ser-Asn)이외에도, 159번째의 Ile다음부터 Ile-Gly-Gly-Glu-Phe-Thr-Thr-Ile-Glu가 같은 peak로 나타남을 확인하였다. 효소활성 조사결과 pro-urokinase와 urokinase는 모두 농도 의존적으로 혈전용해 활성을 보였으나, 특이하게도 짧은 반응시간동안에는 urokinase가 동일 농도 하에서 강한 활성을 보인 반면, 2시간이 지난 오랜 반응조건에서는 pro-urokinase가 혈전용해활성을 나타내었다. Fibrinogen에 대한 분해활성을 조사한 결과, urokinase는 혈장 내 fibrinogen을 상당히 손상시키지만, pro-urokinase는 거의 영향을 주지 않아 혈전선택성이 매우 좋음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국약용작물학회 2007년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.288.1-288.1
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• 2007

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.263-273
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• 2023

While the survival rate of preterm infants has increased dramatically over the last few decades, intraventricular hemorrhage and subsequent hydrocephalus remain major unsolved problems in neonatal intensive care. Once intraventricular hemorrhage occurs, severe neurological sequelae are inevitable. Treatment of this complicated pathology and achievement of favorable neurofunctional outcomes in fragile infants are crucial challenges for pediatric neurosurgeons. Fibrinolytic therapy, which chemically dissolves hematoma, is a promising and useful treatment method. In this paper, the historical background of fibrinolytic therapy for post-intraventricular hemorrhagic hydrocephalus in preterm infants is reviewed and a recent method of fibrinolytic therapy using urokinase is introduced.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.155-159
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• 2016

Four dogs were brought to the Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University (VMTH SNU) with a history of hind limb ataxia, three with pain, one without pain. Three of the four showed weak to absent femoral pulses and cold extremities. Thromboembolism was identified by ultrasonography in the external and/or internal iliac arteries. A thrombolytic agent, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA), was administered (0.5-1 mg/kg, every 60-120 min, 3-5 doses). Two dogs (Cases 2 and 3), which were instantly provided rt-PA treatment, survived 6 and 17 months, respectively, although hematemesis and hematochezia were observed during treatment. In the other two dogs (Cases 1 and 4), rt-PA was administered 4 and 28 days after the appearance of pelvic limb symptoms, which may have limited the benefits of the treatment. When rt-PA treatment is instituted instantly and the side effects are monitored thoroughly during treatment, a good prognosis might be expected in canine aortic thromboembolism. For this reason, we suggest that rt-PA treatment should be initiated immediately if thromboembolism is identified.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.1449-1459
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• 2015

A novel proteolytic enzyme with fibrinolytic activity, FSP3, was purified from the recently isolated Streptomyces sp. P3, which is a novel bacterial strain isolated from soil. FSP3 was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion exchange, and gel filtration. FSP3 is considered to be a single peptide chain with a molecular mass of 44 kDa. The maximum activity of the enzyme was observed at 50℃ and pH 6.5, and the enzyme was stable between pH 6 and 8 and below 40℃. In a fibrin plate assay, FSP3 showed more potent fibrinolytic activity than urokinase, which is a clinical thrombolytic agent acting as a plasminogen activitor. The activity was strongly inhibited by the serine protease inhibitor PMSF, indicating that it is a serine protease. Additionally, metal ions showed different effects on the activity. It was significantly suppressed by Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ and completely inhibited by Cu²⁺, but slightly enhanced by Fe²⁺. According to LC-MS/MS results, its partial amino acid sequences are significantly dissimilar from those of previously reported fibrinolytic enzymes. The sequence of a DNA fragment encoding FSP3 contained an open reading frame of 1287 base pairs encoding 428 amino acids. FSP3 is a bifunctional enzyme in nature. It hydrolyzes the fibrin directly and activates plasminogen, which may reduce the occurrence of side effects. These results suggest that FSP3 is a novel serine protease with potential applications in thrombolytic therapy.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2012

Objective : To optimize the recanalization of acute cerebral stroke that were not effectively resolved by conventional intraarterial thrombolysis (IAT), we designed a double device technique to allow for rapid and effective reopening. In this article, we describe the feasibility and efficacy of this technique. Methods : From January 2008 to September 2009, twenty patients with acute cerebral arterial occlusion (middle cerebral artery : n=12; internal carotid artery terminus : n=5; basilar artery : n=3) were treated by the double device technique. This technique was applied when conventional thrombolytic methods using drug, microwires, microcatheters and balloons did not result in recanalization. In the double device technique, two devices are simultaneously placed at the lesion (for example, one microcatheter and one balloon or two microcatheters). Chemicomechanical or mechanicomechanical thrombolysis was performed simultaneously using various combinations of two devices. Recanalization rates, procedural time, complications, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results : The initial median National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 16 (range 5-26). The double device technique was applied after conventional IAT methods failed. Recanalization was achieved in 18 patients (90%). Among them, 55% (11 cases) were complete (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2B, 3). The median thrombolytic procedural time including the conventional technique was $135{\pm}83.7$ minutes (range 75-427). Major symptomatic hemorrhages (neurological deterioration ${\geq}4$ points in NIHSS) developed in two patients (10%). Good long term outcomes (modified Rankin Scale ${\leq}2$ at 90 days) occurred in 25% (n=5) of the cases. Mortality within 90 days developed in two cases (10%). Conclusion : The double device technique is a feasible and effective technical option for large vessel occlusion refractory to conventional thrombolysis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.281-286
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• 2005

Objective : The authors report our experience of urokinase thrombolysis in treating patients harboring nonaneurysmal spontanesous intraventricular hemorrhage[IVH] and evaluated complications, safety and feasibility of this procedure retrospectively. Methods : Fifty-three patients with nonaneurysmal IVH>15mL without underlying structural etiology or coagulopathy were recruited. The patients with Glasgow Coma Scale[GCS]<5 were excluded. A catheter was directed into the IVH. Hematoma aspiration was followed by instillation of urokinase at the ear level of drainage bag under intracranial pressure monitoring system. This was repeated every 6hours until half of its initial volume. For analysis of prognostic factors, we classified the patients into two groups by Glasgow outcome scale[GOS]; good [$GOS\;{\ge}3$] and bad [GOS<3] prognosis group, and performed comparative analysis between two groups. Results : Mean age was 60.2years. The baseline hematoma size ranged 16 to 72mL. IVH volume reduction was done by an average of 74.2%. As complications, there were 3cases of rebleeding and 2cases of ventriculitis. No intracranial adverse effects were observed during thrombolytic theraphy. At 6months after the procedure, 29patients had achieved a good recovery, 15remained vegetative. 9patients died in hospital. The main good prognostic factors were young age, small IVH volume, and high GCS. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that this relatively easy and safe method of treatment will improve the prognosis. However, further clinical studies also must assess optimal thrombolytic dosage, frequency, and timing of urokinase instillation for safety and effectiveness and must include controlled comparisons of mortality, disability outcome, quality of life, time until convalescence, and cost of care in treated and untreated patients.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.298-302
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• 2014

8년령의 중성화된 잡종 수컷 고양이 (증례 1)와 3년령의 중성화된 샴 수컷 고양이 (증례 2)가 뒷다리 마비, 지속적인 개구호흡, 그리고 객혈 등을 주증으로 내원하였다. 심잡음 (증례 1)과 분마성심음 (증례 2)이 좌측 심저부에서 청진되었으며, 방사선 검사상 증례 1의 경우 폐포패턴을 동반한 심한 공기연하증이, 증례 2에서는 확연한 심비대가 확인되었다. 심초음파 검사에서 두 마리 고양이 모두에서 좌심실과 심실중격의 구심성 비대와 좌심방의 확장이 확인되었다. 심장 초음파를 포함한 검사를 바탕으로 본 환축은 고양이 심근비대증으로 진단되었으며, 신체검사와 복부 초음파 검사를 통하여 병발한 안장색전증을 확인하였다. 일반적인 치료를 통한 환축의 예후가 불량한 점을 감안하여, 직접적인 혈관내 혈전용해술이 시도되었다. 혈관조영술을 통하여 혈전의 위치와 크기를 확인 할 수 있었으나, 광범위한 색전증으로 인하여 중재적 시술을 이용한 혈전용해는 성공적이지 못했다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2011

Resistance to PAI-1 is a factor which confers clinical benefits in thrombolytic therapy. The only US FDA approved PAI-1 resistant drug is Tenecteplase$^{(R)}$. Deletion variants of t-PA have the advantage of fewer disulfide bonds in addition to higher plasma half lives. A new variant was developed by deletion of the first three domains in t-PA in addition to substitution of KHRR 128-131 amino acids with AAAA in truncated t-PA. The specific activity of this new variant, $570\;IU/{\mu}g$, was found to be similar to those found in full length t-PA (Alteplase$^{(R)}$), $580\;IU/{\mu}g$. A 65% and 85% residual activity after inhibition by rPAI-1 was observed for full length and truncated-mutant form, respectively. This new variant as the first PAI-1 resistant truncated t-PA may offer more advantages in clinical conditions in which high PAI-1 levels makes the thrombolytic system prone to re-occlusion.