• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.319-330
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• 2022

Andong is a place to culture the great amount of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Korea. This study reports a yearly occurrence (March 31~October 25, 2021) of thrips infesting the hot pepper in Andong. Thrips caught to yellow sticky traps were diagnosed by morphological characters and showed two dominant species: Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa. During this period, a total of 107,874 thrips were caught and included F. occidentalis at about 82%, F. intonsa at about 17%, and the other thrips at about 0.3%. There were two main peaks at May~June and at September~October, respectively, in which the total number of thrips was higher in the second peak and most were F. occidentalis. Interestinly, a low level of thrips occurred during July~August was observed and explained by their susceptibility to high temperatures. A laboratory experiment by exposing thrips to high temperatures showed that thrips were susceptible to temperatures higher than 35℃ and not tolerant to 45℃ for 1 h. Indeed, high temperatures higher than 45℃ were recorded in the greenhouses in Andong during July~August. F. occidentalis was more tolerant to the high temperatures than F. intonsa. On the other hand, the thrips showed the highest occurrence peak at July~August in hot pepper-culturing greenhouse in Kangwon, where the average temperatures were mostly lower than those of Andong and no high temperatures higher than 45℃ were recorded during July~August. A viral disease caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was observed in the hot peppers cultured in Andong greenhouses. Multiplex PCR was used to detect the virus along with identification of thrips. With a high record of about 30%, the virus-infected thrips were detected during all the monitoring period. The virulent thrips were identified to be only F. intonsa. These results suggest that F. occidentalis gives a direct damage especially during harvesting period with their high populations while F. intonsa gives indirect damage by transmitting TSWV.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.403-408
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• 2013

A survey of pest occurrence and status of farmer's pest management was conducted at 45 cymbidium farms in 10 major cultivation areas in Korea. The pest species collected from the cymbidium farms were identified as follows: Tetranychus urticae Koch, Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, Pinnaspis aspidistrae Signoret, Incilaria confusa Cockarel, Halyomorpha brevis Walker, Myzus persicae S$\ddot{u}$lzer, and Aphis gossypii Glover, Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus, Thrips flavus Schrank, and Thrips tabaci Lindeman. The two-spotted spider mite, T. urticae, was the key pest in cymbidium production, occurring on 45 farms, followed by scales (20 farms), slugs (6), thrips (8), aphids (5), and stinkbug (1). PCR-RFLP of the rDNA ITS2 region revealed that two thrips species, Thrips flavus Schrank and Thrips tabaci Lindeman, occur on cymbidium farms. Therefore, it is necessary for the cymbidium farmers to establish an integrated pest management system to meet quarantine standards.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.245-253
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• 2023

A control technique using mass-trapping was developed against thrips infesting hot peppers cultivating in greenhouses. It was essential to develop effective lure(s) attracting thrips for the control technique. Especially, mass-trapping using aggregation pheromone (AP) of the thrips was not much effective in open field cultivating hot peppers. This study aimed to develop a new lure to enhance the attractiveness of AP-based mass-trapping. In addition, this study was designed to investigate the decrease of attractiveness of the AP-based mass-trapping in the open field conditions. Methyl isonicotinate (MIN) as a new lure was assessed by the laboratory olfactometry and showed its attractiveness to thrips and its mixture effect with AP to attract the thrips. These results led us to test the AP+MIN mixture in the open field conditions cultivating hot peppers. The mixture significantly enhanced the mass-trapping efficacy in the open field conditions. Especially, the significant increase of the captured numbers was found in the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis. Furthermore, the increase of the AP concentration in the mass-trapping significantly increased the captured numbers in F. occidentalis and other thrips occurring in the hot pepper field. This study demonstrated the difference in the AP-based mass-trapping efficacy of the thrips between greenhouse and open field conditions. It also showed the increase of mass-trapping efficacy by increasing AP concentration in the trap. Especially, this study proposes a high efficient mass-trapping technology by the addition of MIN to AP especially against F. occidentalis.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.83-86
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• 2003

Mulberry plantations are prone to several kinds of insect pests including the thrips, Pesudodendrothrips mori. The thrips infestation affects the qualitative and quantitative characters of mulberry leaf, which in turn affects the silkworm cocoon crop. In the present study, four commercial insecticides viz., Rogor, Quinalphos, Confidor and Methyl parathion were tested for their efficacy in the control of P. mori thrips. These insecticides were observed to kill 68-80％ within 24 hrs in vivo and 100％ after 12 hrs post-treatment in vitro. Confidor (0.05％) and Quinalphos (0.2％) were most effective in controlling the thrips incidence. The insecticide-sprayed mulberry leaves did not show any adverse effect on the rearing of silkworms.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.61-64
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• 1976

Experiments had been carried out in Suweon area from 1972 to 1973 to determine the seasonal fluctuation of Pseudodendrothrips mori NIWA using direct counts and to know the effects of chemicals for its control. 1. The fluctuation of mulberry thrips was especially influenced by precipitation and number of hours with sunshine in the meteological conditions. The peaks of fluctuation occurred several times but the highest peak occurred in late August. 2. The mulberry thrips was distributed in the range of the 4th to 16th leaves from the apex in a branch. The highest density leaves were 6th to 12th. 3. Orthene, Metasystox were the most effects on the mulberry thrips.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2002

A thysanopteran pest pest was collected from the damaged leaves of Fuyu persimmon (Diospyrosi kaki) at Changwon, Gyeongnam province in June, 2000. The thrips was identified as Japanese gall-forming thrips, Ponticulothrips diospyrosi(Phlaeothripidae). which is newly recorded in Korea. Brief morphological and ecological characters, damage symptoms, and distribution in Gyeongnam province were provided.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.45 no.1 s.142
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• pp.9-13
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• 2006

Seasonal occurrence of thrips and its damage on fruits were studied at in open field red pepper in Jeonbuk Province. The kind of thrips were Franklinella occidentalis and F. intonsa. The ratio of F. occidentalis was about 30% in periods of survey. Density of thrips increased in late May and showed peak occurrence in early to middle July. The peak occurrence of thrips was appeared at 4 pentad June, 2 pentad July, 3 pentad August, and 4 pentad September. The part of fruit damaged by thrips became discolored and roughed. When turned red, the colors of damaged parts changed from dark brown to yellowish brown. As a result, damage fruits by thrips decreased marketability. The percent of damaged fruits was highest in Imsil at 20.8% in early August. Density of thrips on flowers was highest in middle July.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.485-490
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• 2014

This study was conducted to assess the occurrence and damages by thrips on greenhouse-cultivated fig in Hwaseong, Gyeonggi Province, Korea. We identified the collected species as Thrips tabaci Lindeman, Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande, and F. intonsa Trybom. The density of thrips in the greenhouses during the summer months was monitored using yellow sticky traps; T. tabaci showed the highest density, followed by F. occidentalis and F. intonsa. The damages by thrips were characterized by stunted plant growth because of delayed discoloration of the pericarp, and development of rough fruit surface. Stereomicroscopic observation on the fruit flesh revealed the growth of gray mold at the damaged area, as well as the dead bodies and exuviae of thrips. The rates of fig fruit damages per month, were 18.2%, 9.7%, 2.9%, and 1.3% in July, August, September, and October, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.233-238
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• 2019

For greenhouse crops, thrips is one of the major insect pests, but its control is difficult owing to short generation time, rapid escaping behavior, and development of pesticide resistance. Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley) is a soil-dwelling predatory mite attacking various soil invertebrate species, including thrips. Using the method by growers' self-production, we mass-reared S. scimitus colony and investigated thrips control in the greenhouse chrysanthemum. The initial density of thrips was six individuals/flower. The treatment with one S. scimitus box in the greenhouse was estimated to be $1,000individuals/m^2$. From August to September 2018, the greenhouse was released with a total of 10 boxes of S. scimitus. The density of thrips in the untreated and the treated cultivar was $53.7{\pm}7.0$ and $13.5{\pm}1.7$ on the late September, respectively, which indicated a reduction of 74.9% in the treated cultivar. Our results suggest that S. scimitus was highly effective for the control of thrips in the greenhouse chrysanthemum although temperature is very high during the summer season.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.161-169
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• 2023

Thrips are usually not exposed to insecticide spray due to hiding at holes, gaps, or crevices of host plants with their relatively small body sizes. This study devised a strategy to use a contact pheromone to suppress the seclusive behavior of the thrips, A contact pheromone identified as 7-methyltricosane (7TM) in the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, was added to the diet to test the preference of the thrips. Although 7TM did not change the larval behavior, it significantly induced the avoiding behavior in male adults. In contrast, the contact pheromone was preferred by the female adults. Similar behavioral changes were also observed in another flower thrips, Frankliniella intonsa. Based on the behavioral changes induced by the contact pheromone, a mixture of 7TM and insecticide was applied to thrips infesting hot peppers in field conditions. Compared to spinetoram treatment, its mixture treatment with 7TM enhanced the control efficacy against thrips. Interestingly, 7TM treatment alone also gave slight reduction in F. intonsa density, suggesting a behavioral disruption of thrips by the contact pheromone. This study suggests a novel technology to control insect pests using contact pheromone by suppressing the seclusive behavior to avoid exposure to insecticide spray.