• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.246-255
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• 2017

Purpose: This study proposes the optimal PM (preventive maintenance) policy of leased equipment for lessee's decision-making using two types of reliability condition. Methods: We consider reliability threshold based PM model. Equipment reliability is estimated and used as condition variable. The effect of repair for maintenance is imperfect and represented by age reduction factor. Results: We provide two PM policies. Policy 1 is focused on minimized total cost. This policy guarantees reliability threshold until last maintenance action. Policy 2 focus on maintaining reliability threshold during leased period. The proposed approach provides optimal reliability threshold under number of PM. Through result, we finally construct decision-making process for lessee using reliability threshold and end of reliability. Conclusion: This study provides two PM policy for lessee's decision-making. Through numerical example, we get a result of optimal reliability threshold, number of PM, optimum alternative under lessee's reliability condition.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1995

In this study, a threshold policy is considered for the M/M/2 queueing system with server vacations. The probability generating function for the number of customers present in the system is derived using an embedded Markov chain approach. Then, assuming a linear cost structure, an efficient procedure to find an optimal threshold policy is presented. The Laplace-Stieltjes transofrm for th waiting time of an arbitrary customer under a "FIFO" discipline is also derived.o derived.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.443-451
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• 2018

$P^M_{\lambda}$-service policy is a workload dependent hysteretic policy. The policy has two service states comprised of the ordinary stage and the fast stage. An ordinary service stage is initiated by the arrival of a customer in an idle state. When the workload of the server surpasses threshold ${\lambda}$, the ordinary service stage changes to the fast service state, and it continues until the system is empty. These service stages alternate in this manner. When the cost of changing service stages is high, the hysteretic policy is more efficient than the threshold policy, where a service stage changes immediately into the other service stage at either case of the workload's surpassing or crossing down a threshold. $P^M_{\lambda}$-service policy is a modification of $P^M_{\lambda}$-policy proposed to control finite dams, and also an extension of the well-known D-policy. The distributions of the stationary workload of $P^M_{\lambda}$-service policy and its variants are studied well. However, there is no known result on the sojourn time distribution. We prove that there is a relation between the sojourn time of a customer and the first up-crossing time of the workload process over the threshold ${\lambda}$ after the arrival of the customer. Using the relation and the duality of M/G/1 and G/M/1 queues, we obtain conditional sojourn time distributions in M/G/1 and G/M/1 queues under the policy.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2020

The study investigates the relationship between the inflation rate and economic growth to find out the optimal inflation threshold for economic growth. Therefore, this study applied an ordinary least square model (OLS) and the ordinal regression model, and collected the time-series data from 1996 to 2017 to test the relationship between inflation and economic growth in the short-term and long-term. The sample fits the model and is statistically significant. The study showed that 96.6% of correlation between inflation rate and economic growth are close and 4.5% of optimal inflation threshold is appropriate for economic growth. It finds that the optimal inflation threshold is base to perform economic growth, besides the inflation rate is positively related to economic growth. The results support the monetary policy appropriately. This study identifies issues for Government to consider: have a comprehensive solution among macroeconomic policies, monetary policy, fiscal policy and other policies to control and maintain the inflation and stimulate growth; have appropriate policies to regulate inflation to stimulate economic growth over the long term; set a priority goal for sustainable economic growth; not pursue economic growth by maintaining the inflation rate in the long term, but take appropriate measures to stabilize the inflation at the optimal inflation threshold.

• 산업공학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.161-169
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• 1995

In this paper, a threshold policy is considered for the Markovian queueing system with server vacations. The threshold policy considered in this paper has the following form: "when the number of customers present in the system increases to N, the server is turned on and serves customers until the system becomes empty". In this paper, we show how the finite capacity or finite population queueing system under a threshold policy can be modeled by the stochastic Petri net. The performance evaluation of the model is carried out using the software called "SPNP". Some examples are also presented in which it is shown that how the optimal threshold policies can be obtained under a linear cost structure.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.135-157
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• 2007

본고에서는 소위 '테일러 룰'이라고 일컫는 통화정책론이 한국의 통화정책에도 적용될 수 있는지를 검증하고자 하였다. '테일러 룰'이 적용된다면 이자율, 물가상승률 및 잠재성장률 간에 공적분이 성립해야 하는데, 본고에서는 선형관계를 전제로 하는 공적분은 성립하지 않는다는 결과를 산출하였고, 더 나아가 새로운 분계점 공적분 검정법(IV ECM Threshold Cointegration Tests)을 개발하고 이를 적용하고자 하였다. 이 방법론은 기존의 공적분 검정법과 달리 성가신 파라미터(nuisance parameters)에 의존하지 않는다는 장점이 있다. 이 장점을 사용하여 적용한 결과, 본고에서는 한국에 있어서도 비선형 테일러 통화정책에 대한 분계점 공적분이 성립하고 '비선형 테일러 룰'이 검증되었음을 보여주었다.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.307-336
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• 2018

This paper proposes a monetary aggregate "Liquidity" that could serve as a useful indicator for gauging the appropriateness of monetary policy. If liquidity rises above a certain threshold, it is signaling that monetary policy is losing traction due to structural and other impediments even when the inflation gap remains open. This indicator supplements the financial cycle approach but adds value by providing a benchmark that is derived from the national account, and not based on its own trend. Over the last two decades, each time this measure rose above the threshold range, it was followed by a decline in GDP growth. The latter was greater when accompanied by a high physical asset value to GDP, e.g., an elevated property market.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2014

As energy harvesting communication systems emerge, there is a need for transmission schemes that dynamically adapt to the energy harvesting process. In this paper, after exhibiting a finite-horizon online throughput-maximizing scheduling problem formulation and the structure of its optimal solution within a dynamic programming formulation, a low complexity online scheduling policy is proposed. The policy exploits the existence of thresholds for choosing rate and power levels as a function of stored energy, harvest state and time until the end of the horizon. The policy, which is based on computing an expected threshold, performs close to optimal on a wide range of example energy harvest patterns. Moreover, it achieves higher throughput values for a given delay, than throughput-optimal online policies developed based on infinite-horizon formulations in recent literature. The solution is extended to include ergodic time-varying (fading) channels, and a corresponding low complexity policy is proposed and evaluated for this case as well.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38B권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 프레임 기반 스케줄러에서 지연시간에 민감한 트래픽에 대해 지연시간을 쉽게 제한하기 위한 대기시간 기반 주기적 패킷 폐기 기법에 대해 소개한다. 이 기법은 프레임 기반 스케줄러에서 매 스케줄링 시점에 임계값보다 오래 버퍼에 머물러 있는 패킷을 폐기하는 방법으로 지연시간을 제한한다. 본 논문에서는 제안하는 기법에 대해 혼잡상황에서의 평균 큐잉 지연시간 및 패킷 손실율을 수식적으로 분석하고, 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교하였다. 성능 분석 결과, 제안한 패킷 폐기 기법은 임계값 설정으로 패킷의 큐잉 지연시간을 쉽게 제한할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 패킷 폐기를 스케줄링 이전에 수행함으로 서비스 처리율의 제한이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1994

We consider a single channel CSMA/CD system with D homogeneous stations and impeded buffer of infinite size. We find a sufficient condition for the model to be stable under the threshold control policy and derive the limiting distri-bution of the number of messages in the system at the moment of service completion. We also derive the limiting distributing of the number of messages in the system size at arbitrary time by using Markov regenerative processes. Some numerical examples and special cases are also treated.