• Computers and Concrete
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.483-490
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• 2017

This paper studies on the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) pipes used in basic sanitation in the conduction of storm water and sanitary sewer. Pipes with 800 mm and 1200 mm in diameter were analyzed. The 800 mm pipes were built with simple reinforcement and the 1200 mm pipes with double reinforcement. For the two diameters of pipes the presence or absence of the pocket was evaluated, and the denomination of each one is spigot and pocket pipe (SPP) and ogee joint pipe (OJP), respectively. The 3D numerical models reproduce the three-edge-bearing test that provides information about the strength and stiffness of the reinforced concrete pipes. The validation of the computational models was carried out comparing the vertical and horizontal displacements on the springline and crown/invert and it was also evaluated the reinforcement strains and the crack pattern. As a main conclusion, the numerical models represented satisfactorily the behavior of the pipes and can be used in future studies in parametric analysis.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.38-49
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• 1988

This paper presented as follows results of laboratory model tests with various shaped footings on soil bed reinforced with the strips on the base of behaviour of soil structure according to the loads and triaxial test results reinforced with geotextiles. Their parameters studied were the effects on the bearing capacity of a footing of the first layer of reinforcement, horizontal and vertical spacing of layers, number of layers, tensile strength of reinforcement and iclination load to the vertical 1.Depending on the strip arrangement, ultimate bearing capacity values could be more improved than urreinforced soil and the failure of soil was that the soil structure was transfered from the macrospace to microspase and its arrangement, from edge to edge to face to face. 2.The reinforcement was produced the reinforcing effects due to controlling the value of factor of one and permeable reinforcement was never a barrier of drainage condition. 3.Strength ratio was decreased as a linear shape according to increment of saturation degree of soil used even though at the lower strength ratio, the value of M-factor was rot influenced on the strength ratio but impermeable reinforcement decreased the strength of bearing capacity. 4.Ultimate bearing capacity under the plane-strain condition was appeared a little larger than triaxial or the other theoretical formulars and the circular footing more effective. 5.The maximum reinforcing effects were obtained at U I B=o.5, B / B=3 and N=3, when over that limit only acting as a anchor, and same strength of fabric appeared larger reinforcing effects compared to the thinner one. 6.As the LDR increased, more and more BCR occurred and there was appeared a block action below Z / B=O.5, but over the value, decrement of BCR was shown linear relation, and no effects above one. 7.The coefficient of the inclination was shown of minimum at the three layers of fabrics, but the value of H / B related to the ultimate load was decreased as increment of inclination degree, even though over the value of 4.5 there wasn't expected to the reinforcing effects As a consequence of the effects on load inclination, the degree of inclination of 15 per cent was decreased the bearing capacity of 70 per cent but irnproved the effects of 45 per cent through the insertion of geotextile.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.317-331
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• 2014

An experimental study was performed to investigate the seismic performance of solid steel reinforced concrete (SRC) frames with special-shaped columns that are composed of SRC special-shaped columns and reinforced concrete beams. For this purpose, two models of two-bay and three-story frame, including an edge frame and a middle frame, were designed and tested. The failure process and patterns were observed. The mechanical behaviors such as load-displacement hysteretic loops and skeleton curves, load bearing capacity, drift ratio, ductility, energy dissipation and stiffness degradation of test specimens were analyzed. Test results show that the failure mechanism of solid SRC frame with special-shaped columns is the beam-hinged mechanism, satisfying the seismic design principle of "strong column and weak beam". The hysteretic loops are plump, the ductility is good and the capacity of energy dissipation is strong, indicating that the solid SRC frame with special-shaped columns has excellent seismic performance, which is better than that of the lattice SRC frame with special-shaped columns. The ultimate elastic-plastic drift ratio is larger than the limit value specified by seismic code, showing the high capacity of collapse resistance. Compared with the edge frame, the middle frame has higher carrying capacity and stronger energy dissipation, but the ductility and speed of stiffness degradation are similar. All these can be helpful to the designation of solid SRC frame with special-shaped columns.